Tooth Mousse护牙素抑制牙釉质脱矿和促进牙釉质再矿化的实验研究

目的评价Tooth Mousse护牙素抑制离体牛牙牙釉质脱矿及促进牙釉质再矿化的作用。方法60颗带托槽的离体牛牙随机分成3组,每组20颗。实验组涂擦Tooth Mousse护牙素,阴性对照组涂擦蒸馏水,阳性对照组涂擦氟化物。3组标本在人工致龋液和人工唾液中循环浸泡60d,用扫描电镜与偏光显微镜检查牙釉质脱矿及再矿化情况,用显微硬度计检查牙釉质显微硬度并进行统计学分析。结果扫描电镜观察结果显示实验组牙釉质表面有不规则的矿化物沉积;偏光显微镜下实验组牙釉质表面完整,以矿化为主的负性双折射区变宽;实验组牙釉质显微硬度高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),与阳性对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Tooth Mousse护牙素在体外实验中能抑制酸性环境中牛牙釉质脱矿,促进釉质再矿化。     

酪蛋白磷酸多肽钙氟磷复合体对牙釉质缺损再矿化的实验研究

目的　探讨 2 %酪蛋白磷酸多肽钙氟磷复合体 (caseinphosphopeptide amorphouscalciumfluoridephosphatecomplexes,CPP ACFP)溶液对人工牙釉质表层下缺损的再矿化作用。方法　从人第三磨牙切取 2 8块釉质片 (每片制备两条表层下釉质缺损 ) ,随机平分为 4组 ,每组分别于再矿化液中浸泡1、3、5、10d。将再矿化后的标本切片 ,显微放射照相 ,测定矿物质含量。结果　经 1、3、5和 10d再矿化后 ,矿化液分别取代人工牙釉质缺损丢失矿物质的 9 19%、14 2 7%、2 9 0 7%和 38 45 % (y =8 9316x0 63 47,R2 =0 932 2 ;y :再矿化率 ,x :时间 )。经One wayScheffe差异多因素分析比较发现 :每两组间再矿化率差异具有显著性。结论　实验室中CPP ACFP对人工牙釉质缺损有明显的再矿化作用     

护牙素在固定矫治术中对牙釉质脱矿的应用研究

目的:观察护牙素(酪蛋白磷酸多肽)在预防正畸过程中对牙釉质脱矿的疗效.方法:随机选取200例正畸病例,治疗组100例采用护牙素治疗,对照组100例不做任何处置.结果:和对照组相比治疗组牙釉质脱矿显著减少(p＜0.01).结论:正畸治疗过程中采用护牙素在托槽周围封闭牙釉质能够有效预防牙釉质的脱矿.     

磷酸多肽对牙齿再矿化的实验研究

探索安全,有效,简便的生物制品防治龋新的新途径。方法根据牙齿再矿化理论,进行了实验,说明磷多肽防治龋病的作用机制,效果临床应用前景,结果实验证明,磷酸多肽能携下、磷成份并与羟磷灰石有较强新合力,使牙齿再矿化过程加强。     

酪蛋白磷酸多肽-无定形磷酸钙制剂在固定矫治中抑制牙釉质脱矿的临床研究

目的探讨酪蛋白磷酸多肽-无定形磷酸钙(casein phosphopetide-amorphous calcium phosphate,CPPACP)制剂在固定矫治中抑制牙釉质脱矿的临床效果。方法选择固定矫治患者98例共2 142颗牙齿,按随机编号将纳入患者的左侧牙齿或右侧牙齿分为试验组,对侧牙齿为对照组,试验组牙面涂布含CPP-ACP成分的GC护牙素,对照组牙面涂布牙膏,每月复诊处理1次,观测记录矫治前、中、后的牙釉质脱矿情况。结果治疗前、治疗中和治疗后试验组牙釉质脱矿均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组釉质脱矿增加指数为0.054,对照组釉质脱矿增加指数为0.091,差异有统计学意义(t=3.42,P<0.001)。结论 CPP-ACP制剂对抑制固定矫治中牙釉质脱矿操作简便,疗效可靠。     

饮料导致牙釉质脱矿作用的实验研究

目的:比较不同种类饮料对牙釉质的脱矿作用。方法:采用微量化学分析法测定饮料在处理牙釉质后1~7d 饮料中钙和磷浓度的变化。结果:实验饮料除矿泉水外对牙釉质都具有脱矿作用,导致牙釉质钙和磷的溶出。钙和磷的溶出因饮料的种类而异,差异具有显著性,P<01001。随时间的延长,钙和磷的溶出也具有显著性差异,P< 01001。钙和磷在7d内的总溶出量也因饮料的种类而异,差异具有显著性,P<01001。果汁类的钙和磷总溶出量最高,分别为11355Lmol/L?01250Lmol/L和11780Lmol/L?01270Lmol/L;钙奶最低,分别为01290Lmol/L?01092Lmol/L 和01239Lmol/L?01050Lmol/L。结论:饮料对牙釉质具有脱矿作用,脱矿作用的强弱与饮料的种类有关,果汁类最强,钙奶最弱。     

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体促进牙釉质再矿化的研究进展

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体(CPP-ACP)是由酪蛋白磷酸肽与无定形磷酸钙结合形成的一种新型有效抗龋生物制剂,具有促进牙釉质龋再矿化的作用。本文就其结构、促进釉质再矿化的科学证据及其对牙釉质再矿化的作用机制进行综述。     

含氟牙膏对釉质脱矿影响的体外研究

目的：探讨国内常见市售含氟牙膏对完整釉质及脱矿釉质的作用。方法：测定市售的3种含氟牙膏的氟含量,并选取釉质完好的牛牙及人工龋脱矿的牛牙,用3种含氟牙膏和不含氟牙膏刷洗釉面后,乳酸处理1min,用原子吸收光谱仪测定溶出的钙量。结果：含氟牙膏组和不含氟牙膏组均能使完整奥质的溶钙量明显降低,与空白对照组相比差异有显著性;含氟牙膏组和不含氟牙膏组均能使人工龋脱矿釉质的溶钙量明显下降,并且两组间有显著性差异。结论：含氟牙膏可以增强完整釉质及人工龋脱矿釉质的抗酸溶钙能力,且效果与其氟浓度相关,氟浓度为52.63umol/L时可显著提高牙齿抗酸力。     

护牙素在正畸治疗中对减少牙齿脱矿及促进再矿化的功效研究

目的评价Tooth Mousse护牙素对减少离体牛牙粘接托槽周围的釉质脱矿及促进再矿化的功效。方法将60颗粘接托槽的离体牛牙随机分成实验组、阳性对照组和阴性对照组,分别在牙面上涂擦Tooth Mousse护牙素、Duraphat氟保护漆和蒸馏水。将3组样本轮流放置入人工致龋液和人工唾液中浸泡,然后使用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针检测。结果偏光显微镜下观察,实验组釉质表面完整,主要表现为以脱矿为主的正性双折射区明显减少;扫描电镜观察实验组釉质表面有大量的矿物质沉积,填补釉质表面局限性的小凹陷;电子探针检测结果显示,实验组釉质表面钙、磷含量明显高于阴性对照组（P<0.05）,与阳性对照组之间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论Tooth Mousse护牙素在体外实验模型中能使牛釉质在人工致龋环境中减少脱矿和促进再矿化。     

碳酸氢钠溶液对早期龋再矿化作用的定量分析

目的　探讨碳酸氢钠溶液对早期光滑面釉质龋再矿化作用的影响。方法　在人牙釉质标本上形成早期龋后将标本分组 ,分别用 0 .12mol/LNaF再矿化液、1mol/LNaHCO3 再矿化液、0 .12mol/LNaF与 1mol/LNaHCO3 混合再矿化液及双蒸水对照组中浸泡。KaVoDIAGNOdent激光荧光仪测定釉质表面荧光峰值 ,比较实验前后荧光峰值均数的变化。结果　 3组实验组再矿化前后荧光峰值均数变化差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,对照组处理前后差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;实验组中混合矿化液组与另两组比较荧光峰值变化差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,而 0 .12mol/LNaF组与 1mol/LNaHCO3 组之间比较差异无显著性。结论　碳酸氢钠溶液可促进早期龋的再矿化 ,且能加强氟化钠对早期龋的再矿化作用     

Enamel Demineralization Prevention during Fixed Orthodontic Treatment and Remineralization Strategies

Preventing enamel demineralization and remineralization of orthodontic patients is important and it di-ffers from other dental patients. Oral hygiene education and oral examination is essential to prevent enamel demi-neralization, and dietary education or control of sugar intake should not be ignored during fixed orthodontic treat-ment. Laser irradiation is a noteworthy method to prevent enamel mineralization. Products containing fluoride andfluoride released not only can be used to prevent demineralization but also have the ability of remineralization during orthodontic treatment. Oral hygiene products containing casein-phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP) have been demonstrated to have the ability of remineralization such as sugar-free chewing gum added CPP-ACP, lozenges containing CPP-ACP and milk protein casein stabilized by phosphopeptides.     

缓释氟粘贴片对釉质病变深层脱矿的再矿化及沉积物的分析

目的研究缓释氟粘贴片对釉质病变深层脱矿的再矿化作用及沉积物成分分析.方法12个牛牙釉质块,根据其48小时人工龋的表面硬度值均衡分为两组,在体外滴定系统中分别用0.25mgF和0.5mgF的氟粘贴片处理,4小时/片,共22片.11片和22片处理后,分别测定每组一个标本的剖面硬度值和其余标本的表面硬度值;用偏光显微镜和显微X线观察组织学变化;用扫描电镜观察标本表面和剖面的沉积物,用能谱进行元素分析.结果使用氟片越多,标本的表面硬度值越高(P＜0.001);但等片数处理后,两剂量组标本的表面硬度值(P＞0.05)及剖面硬度值间无显著差异.偏光和显微X线检查发现22片0.25mgF氟粘贴片处理后釉质病变区矿物增加最多、效果最好.沉积物多为圆形或近圆形颗粒,少数呈圆柱状,主要成分为钙和磷,釉表面比釉深层氟含量稍高.结论在本实验条件下,氟粘贴片对釉质病变深层脱矿有再矿化作用,22片0.25mgF氟粘贴片处理后效果较好.釉质表面及内部沉积物为钙磷酸盐类,表面可能有CaF2.     

Effect of fluoride on artificial caries lesion progression and repair in human enamel: regulation of mineral deposition and dissolution under in vivo-like conditions

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to determine in vitro the effect of fluoride on (1) the demineralization of sound human enamel and (2) the progression of artificial caries-like lesions, under relevant oral conditions. METHODS: Thin sections of sound human enamel were exposed to solutions undersaturated with respect to tooth enamel to a degree similar to that found in dental plaque fluid following sucrose exposure in vivo, containing fluoride concentrations (0-0.38ppm) found in plaque fluid. Mineral changes were monitored for 98 days, using quantitative microradiography. The effect of fluoride (1.0-25.0ppm) on the progression of artificial caries-like lesions was similarly studied. RESULTS: Fluoride concentrations of 0.19ppm and greater were found to prevent the demineralization of sound enamel in vitro. However, significantly higher concentrations of fluoride (25.0ppm) were required to prevent further demineralization of artificial caries-like lesions. Demineralizing solutions with intermediate fluoride concentrations (2.1-10.1ppm) induced simultaneously remineralization in the outer portion of the lesion and demineralization in the inner portion. Simultaneous remineralization and demineralization were also observed in hydroxyapatite pellets. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the observed effect of fluoride on enamel demineralization is not solely a function of bulk solution properties, but also depends on the caries-status of the enamel surface. A mechanistic model presented indicates that, in comparison to sound enamel surfaces, higher concentrations of fluoride are required to prevent the progression of artificial caries-like lesions under in vivo-like conditions since the diffusion of mineral ions that promote remineralization is rate-limiting.     

人类高分子量唾液粘蛋白抗釉质脱矿的研究

目的 :观察高分子量唾液粘蛋白 (MG1)是否具有抗釉质脱矿作用。方法 :以全唾液、腮腺唾液、颌下 舌下腺唾液和纯化的MG1对实验牙釉质表面进行体外孵育以形成唾液获得性膜 ,观察此膜抗釉质脱矿作用。结果 :全唾液组和腮腺唾液组只有 3 9.7%和 2 1.2 %的最大保护百分度 ,而颌下 舌下腺唾液组和纯化的MG1组能明显抑制脱矿作用 ,其最大保护百分度分别为 96.2 %和 84 .5 %。结论 :唾液获得性膜中的MG1可有效地保护牙釉质抵御有机酸对牙面的短暂脱矿作用。     

矿化液、低浓度氟化物溶液和氟泡沫再矿化作用比较

目的本研究对矿化液、低浓度氟化物溶液和氟泡沫再矿化作用进行了比较,从而寻找出一种再矿化效果较好的制剂.方法采用实验室研究,分别用三种制剂处理表面脱矿釉质.应用显微硬度仪检测处理前后的釉质表面硬度值,通过对比前后硬度差异反映脱矿釉质的再矿化的情况.结果矿化液处理后的釉质表面硬度明显增加,有显著性统计学意义.低浓度氟化物溶液和氟泡沫处理后釉质的表面硬度无明显改变.结论在体外,矿化液的再矿化效果优于低浓度氟化物溶液和氟泡沫.它可用于治疗正畸过程中早期釉质脱矿.     

The Mechanism of the Monofluorophos-Phate Action on Hydroxy Apatite and Dental Enamel

Discoloration, pigmentation and even caries-like lesions have been reported in teeth subsequent to per oral administration of antibiotics. The present in vitro study examines the possible medicament/tooth reaction by exposing plane, polished enamel surfaces to aqueous solutions or oily suspensions of/various commonly used penicillin compounds, or to solutions of tetracycline sodium.

The teeth were examined by visual inspection, microhardiness tests, scanning electron microscopy and microradiography. pH and |Ca²⁺ of the test solutions were analyzed by potentiometry. Surface or subsurface lesions and a dec-lino in mierohardness were found in (most) enamel specimens exposed to aqueous solutions of the medicaments. Similar changes were found in test specimens immersed in deionized water, while saliva, oily suspensions of the medicaments and aqueous solutions made from ordinary Ca-peniciilin had no adverse effect on the enamel. The most serious destruction was seen in enamel specimens submerged in watery solutions made from effervescent (citrate-containing) (a-pcnicillin, or from tetracycline. A slight deeline in pH was observed in the aqueous solutions during the experiment. The calcium ion concentration did not increase parallel to enamel destruction.