pH梯度结合逆向蒸发法制备槐定碱纳米脂质体及体外释放度研究

目的:采用pH梯度结合逆向蒸发法制备槐定碱纳米脂质体,对影响包封率和粒径的因素进行考察,并对其体外释放进行评价。方法:以正交设计及单因素实验考察影响脂质体包封率及粒径的主要因素,同时对优化后的脂质体进行了质量评价及体外释放度研究。结果:磷脂的浓度为5 mg.mL-1,药脂比为1∶15,胆脂比为1∶4,内水相的pH值为2.0,均质压力为100 bar时,制备的脂质体包封率可达(90.30±0.63)%,脂质体外观圆整均匀,平均粒径为(117±6)nm。结论:pH梯度结合逆向蒸发法制备的槐定碱纳米脂质体包封率高,粒径均匀,稳定性好,具有一定的缓释作用。     

姜黄素醇质体的制备及其质量评价

目的:制备姜黄素醇质体,并考察其理化性质.方法:采用乙醇注入法制备姜黄素醇质体,以包封率为考察指标,采用正交试验法优选处方,并用透射电镜观察其形态,激光粒度仪测定粒径和Zeta电位,以超速离心法分离含药醇质体与游离药物,用HPLC法测定姜黄素醇质体的包封率.结果:优选处方为:姜黄素10 mg、蛋黄卵磷脂350 mg、胆固醇50 mg、乙醇百分浓度25%.实验所制醇质体纳米粒子为类球形囊泡结构,粒径为(210.8±2.0)nm,Zeta电位为(-3.49±0.27)mV,粒径分布均匀,多分散指数(PDI)为(0.144±0.006),以优选后处方制备醇质体,其包封率为(85.55±2.12)%.结论:乙醇注入法适用于姜黄素醇质体的制备,所制醇质体纳米粒子各项物理指标稳定,可用于经皮渗透给药的研究.     

粉防己碱脂质体的制备及其稳定性研究

目的:比较粉防己碱脂质体2种制备方法。方法:采用硫酸铵梯度法和薄膜分散法制备粉防己碱脂质体,从渗漏率、粒径大小、磷脂含量3个方面进行稳定性比较,从包封率方面进行质量比较。结果:硫酸铵梯度法制备的粉防己碱脂质体包封率高达81.1%,且稳定性好;薄膜分散法包封率仅为32.9%,且稳定性欠佳。结论:硫酸铵梯度法较薄膜分散法制备粉防己碱脂质体更优。     

水溶性壳聚糖包覆多西他赛纳米脂质体的制备及性能研究

目的:制备羧甲基壳聚糖包衣多西他赛纳米脂质体,并考察其体外释放度。方法:采用薄膜分散法制备多西他赛阳离子脂质体,并用不同浓度的羧甲基壳聚糖包覆阳离子脂质体;用超滤法测定其包封率;用激光电位粒径测定仪分别测定其Zeta电位和粒径大小,并用透射电镜观察其形态;用透析法考察其体外释药性质。结果:所制的羧甲基壳聚糖包覆的脂质体包封率达99.98%;Zeta电位为-12.8 mV,平均粒径为(150±17)nm。结论:本实验制备的羧甲基壳聚糖包衣多西他赛纳米脂质体具有高包封率,粒径大小均匀,体外能显著延缓药物释放的性质。     

羟基喜树碱包衣纳米脂质体的制备及体外释药研究

目的:进行羟基喜树碱氯化壳聚糖包衣纳米脂质体(Nanoliposome,N-liposome)的制备及体外释药考察,以提高包封率和稳定性.方法:采用薄膜分散法制备羟基喜树碱脂质体并用氯化壳聚糖包衣,经高压均质机多次乳匀得到纳米脂质体(＜100nm),用激光粒度分析仪测定其zeta电位、粒径大小及分布,用不同冻干保护剂进行冷冻干燥,用透析法考察药物体外释药性质.结果:包衣纳米脂质体zeta电位为 55.1mV,平均粒径(ZAve)为91.9 nm,粒径分布为20～120 nm;以15%(W/V)的海藻糖做冻干保护剂的脂质体冻干前后粒径变化最小,再水化后平均粒径为98.2 nm,包封率为(61.2±1.2)%(n=3);氯化壳聚糖包衣脂质体外释药曲线符合Higuchi方程(Q=0.055 0.0228t1/2).结论:本试验制备的羟基喜树碱包衣纳米脂质体具有包封率高,稳定性好,大小均匀,以及体外能显著延缓药物的释放的性质.     

去氢骆驼蓬碱长循环磁纳米脂质体的制备及体外性质的研究

目的制备去氢骆驼蓬碱长循环磁纳米脂质体并对其体外性质进行考察。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定去氢骆驼蓬碱的质量浓度;采用逆相蒸发法制备去氢骆驼蓬碱磁纳米脂质体,并用被动载药法包裹去氢骆驼蓬碱;测定脂质体的粒径、电位、包封率、Fe2+质量浓度、释放度并进行电镜观察。结果建立了紫外分光光度法测定去氢骆驼蓬碱质量浓度的方法,去氢骆驼蓬碱在2.0~12.0μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系较好(r=0.999 6),回收率为102.0%。去氢骆驼蓬碱磁纳米脂质体的粒径为297.7nm;药脂比1∶10和1∶20的包封率分别为69.22%和84.55%;Fe2+质量浓度为189.1μg·mL~(-1),体外释放度符合Wuibull方程。结论被动载药法制备的去氢骆驼蓬碱长循环磁纳米脂质体包封率较高,粒径较好,体外释放度符合Wuibull方程。     

醋氯芬酸醇质体的制备及体外经皮渗透考察

目的:制备醋氯芬酸(ACF)醇质体并考察其对离体大鼠的透皮能力。方法:采用乙醇注入均质法制备醋氯芬酸醇质体,利用正交试验优化处方;对其粒径、包封率、形态及大鼠离体皮肤经皮渗透量进行考察。结果:优选处方为乙醇用量45%,大豆磷脂用量3%,醋氯芬酸用量0.35%。制备的醇质体平均粒径为102 nm,包封率为48%。醋氯芬酸醇质体的24 h经皮渗透量为821.8μg.cm-2是其45%乙醇溶液的6.36倍。结论:醇质体能显著提高醋氯芬酸经皮渗透量,是经皮给药的优良载体。     

粉防己碱醇质体含量及包封率测定

摘 要 目的: 建立粉防己碱醇质体中药物含量及包封率的测定方法。方法: 采用低温超速离心法分离游离药物和醇质体,采用HPLC法检测醇质体中游离药物含量和总药量,并计算包封率。结果:粉防己碱在2 ～ 100 μg·ml^-1范围内线性关系良好（ r=0. 999 7）;平均回收率为100.2%（RSD=1.00%, n=9）。用此方法测定3批粉防己碱醇质体的主药含量和包封率,结果分别在97.2%～101.5％及78.4%～81.3%之间。结论:该方法操作简便,结果准确,适合于粉防己碱醇质体的含量和包封率测定。     

注入-超声法制备苍艾挥发油醇质体的工艺研究

目的优化苍艾挥发油醇质体的制备工艺。方法采用注入-超声法制备苍艾挥发油醇质体。以乙醇体积分数、大豆卵磷脂质量分数和乳化温度为考察因素,以粒径、包封率和Zeta电位为评价指标,利用正交实验设计原理筛选苍艾挥发油醇质体的优选处方。结果筛选得到的优选处方为苍艾挥发油质量分数为10%,乙醇体积分数为30%,大豆卵磷脂质量分数为1.8%,乳化温度为40℃,通过该处方制备得到的苍艾挥发油醇质体的平均粒径为(78.64±1.05) nm,平均包封率为82.23%±1.16%,Zeta电位为45.36 mV,外观为乳白色半透明液体,透射电镜下可见类圆形泡状。结论通过该方法制备得到的苍艾挥发油醇质体粒径适宜、包封率较高、稳定性良好,可用于外用制剂的研究。     

芒果苷脂质体的理化性质和体外经皮渗透性能的研究

目的考察制备的芒果苷脂质体的理化性质和经皮渗透性能。方法采用薄膜分散法制备芒果苷脂质体,超速离心法测定包封率,并对粒径、电位进行表征;以大鼠皮肤为渗透屏障,采用Franz扩散池比较芒果苷脂质体和水溶液的体外经皮累积渗透量。结果芒果苷脂质体的粒径为(97.7±1.2)nm、电位为(10.7±0.2)mV,包封率为44.1%。芒果苷脂质体组与水溶液组24 h累积渗透量分别为(171.9±13.43)、(102.5±3.97)μg/cm2。结论脂质体给药系统可有效促进芒果苷的经皮渗透,为芒果苷经皮给药新制剂的研究提供了参考。     

洛伐他汀自组装前体脂质体的制备及其理化性质的研究

目的:为研究洛伐他汀新剂型,制备洛伐他汀新型前体脂质体,并对其质量进行考察。方法:采用一种新型前体脂质体制备方法将洛伐他汀制成自组装前体脂质体,对水合后脂质体的形态、粒径、Zeta电位、包封率、自组装速度、稳定性等进行考察,验证这种新型前体脂质体制备方法用于制备洛伐他汀脂质体的可行性。结果:所形成的洛伐他汀脂质体包封率为95.4%±6.7%,平均粒径为(327.4±29.6)nm,Zeta电位值为-(22.4±1.5)mV。洛伐他汀自组装前体脂质体可在60 s内自发形成脂质体并达到分散平衡;以人工胃液为稀释介质,洛伐他汀脂质体在12 h内稳定。结论:采用新型前体脂质体制备方法可将洛伐他汀制成洛伐他汀脂质体,形成的脂质体包封率较高且具有良好的稳定性。     

Deformable liposomes and ethosomes as carriers for skin delivery of ketotifen

Deformable liposomes and ethosomes were investigated as carriers for skin delivery of ketotifen (KT) in terms of vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, stability, in vitro permeation and skin deposition properties. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) from soybean lecithin was used in the preparation of all vesicles. Sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate and Tween 80 were investigated as edge activators in preparation of KT deformable liposomes. KT ethosomes were prepared in two PC concentrations, 2% and 4.25% w/v, in 30% v/v ethanol. KT deformable liposomes showed improved entrapment efficiency over KT ethosomes. KT deformable liposomes with Tween 80 as an edge activator were more stable upon storage at 5 +/- 1 degree C than those prepared using sodium cholate or sodium deoxycholate and were more stable than KT ethosomes. In vitro permeation and skin deposition studies employed only deformable liposomes with Tween 80 as an edge activator and ethosomes with 4.25% w/v PC concentration. Both of them improved skin delivery of KT over controls and over traditional liposomes, with greater improvement of KT skin deposition than KT skin permeation, hence are more useful for dermal than for transdermal delivery of KT.     

Nanosized ethanolic vesicles loaded with econazole nitrate for the treatment of deep fungal infections through topical gel formulation

This project aimed at developing nanovesicles of econazole nitrate (EN) and formulating them as a suitable dermatological gel for improved therapeutic efficacy, better dispersity, and good storage stability. Ethosomes were prepared by cold method and evaluated for the mean diameter, surface charge, and entrapment efficiency. Optimized ethosomes with vesicle size and entrapment efficiency of 202.85 ± 5.10 nm and 81.05 ± 0.13%, respectively, were formulated as Carbopol 934 NF gels with varied permeation enhancers (G1-G7), and compared with liposomal and hydroethanolic gels. The pharmacotechnical evaluation of gels demonstrated G6 with a flux rate of 0.46 ± 0.22 μg/cm(2) hr(1/2) as the best formulation that was able to exhibit controlled release of EN for 12 hours across rat skin, and percent drug diffused from ethosomes was nearly twofold higher than liposomal and hydroethanolic gels. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated drug permeation as far as the last layer of epidermis (stratum basale). Stability profile of the prepared system assessed for 180 days revealed very low aggregation and insignificant growth in vesicular size. The results collectively suggest that because of the controlled drug release, better antifungal activity, and good storage stability, EN ethosomal gel has tremendous potential to serve as a topical delivery system. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: Ethosomal gel of econazole nitrate was found to have outstanding potential to serve as a topical delivery system, enabling controlled drug release, providing better antifungal activity, and good storage stability.     

鬼臼毒素MPEG修饰脂质体的制备及体外释放的研究

目的:制备鬼臼毒素(PPT)MPEG修饰脂质体(PPT-MPL),以及考察PPT-MPL体外释放行为。方法:合成甲氧基聚乙二醇磷脂酰乙醇胺(MPEG-PE),并用薄膜分散法制备脂质体;以包封率为指标,运用正交试验法设计优化脂质体处方和工艺,采用改进的超滤法测定脂质体的包封率,以及透析法研究体外释放行为。结果:优化后的PPT-MPL平均粒径为(106.20±4.10)nm,包封率为(83.30±2.50)%;加入血浆后PPT-MPL体外释放速率比普通脂质体慢(P<0.05)。结论:该法制备PPT-MPEG修饰脂质体,具有粒径小、包封率高以及明显的缓释效果。     

姜黄素-汉防己碱共递送抗病毒复方脂质体的构建

目的：制备寡聚透明质酸衍生物 oHA 修饰的姜黄素－汉防己碱中药抗病毒脂质体,并对其进行体外释放和稳定性研究。方法用薄膜分散法制备了寡聚透明质酸衍生物修饰的姜黄素－汉防己碱脂质体,以粒径和包封率作为两个重要的参考指标,使用粒度仪测定了粒径,使用紫外分光光度法测定包封率。结果用 Box －Be-hnken 效应面优化法确定了最佳磷脂胆固醇比为2．5∶1,最佳姜黄素－汉防己碱比例为2．8∶1,寡聚透明质酸衍生物的用量为1．80％,通过最佳处方制备的脂质体的粒径是201．06 nm,包封率是70．94％。结论制备的脂质体具有良好的稳定性,均匀的粒径分布,证明了脂质体具有良好的体外释放活性,良好的稳定性,为进一步研究抗病毒联合机制奠定基础。     

Surfactant-free poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for improving in vitro anticancer efficacy of tetrandrine

The objective of this study was to improve the efficacy of a natural compound tetrandrine against cancer by designing surfactant-free poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles as drug carriers for tetrandrine. Nanoparticles were prepared from PLGA via the nano-precipitation method with or without the presence of surfactant poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to encapsulate tetrandrine. Tetrandrine-loaded surfactant-free PLGA nanoparticles had an average particle size of 169.3?nm and morphology similar to the PLGA nanoparticles prepared using PVA as the surfactant. Tetrandrine-loaded surfactant-free PLGA nanoparticles could retard drug release in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 and the cumulative release of tetrandrine reached up to 68.33% over a period of 120?h. A549 cell line was used as the model cancer cells to investigate anticancer capability of tetrandrine-loaded surfactant-free PLGA nanoparticles via apoptosis assay, cytotoxicity and lysosome injury studies. The results showed that tetrandrine-loaded surfactant-free PLGA nanoparticles could effectively reduce cell viability and synergistically enhance tetrandrine-induced cell apoptosis.     

盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体的制备和质量评价

目的:制备具有缓释特性的盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体,考察其理化性质。方法:以卵磷脂和胆固醇为膜材,采用复乳法制备盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体,用透射电镜观察其外观形态,用激光粒度分析仪测定粒径,检测包封率和体外释药特性。结果:盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体的外观形态圆整、规则,粒径分布在300～700nm及1～6μm两区域,包封率为(27.10±0.66)%。多囊脂质体在pH 7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液中,24h的累积释药百分率为(92.7±3.6)%。结论:盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体具有一定的缓释特性。     

倍他司汀醇质体的制备与评价

目的:研究倍他司汀醇质体最佳处方工艺,并考察其体外透皮特性.方法:采用乙醇注入法制备倍他司汀醇质体,以大豆卵磷脂用量、乙醇用量和水浴温度作为考察因素,粒径、包封率为测定指标,采用星点设计-效应面法优化处方,并考察该制剂的初步稳定性;应用Franz扩散池进行体外透皮吸收试验,比较不同给药形式对倍他司汀经皮渗透的影响.结果...