首发精神分裂症患者血浆细胞因子水平及氯氮平治疗的影响

目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者细胞因子血浆水平及氯氮平治疗的影响.方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定28例对照组和30例首发精神分裂症研究组氯氮平治疗6周前后的IL-2、IL-6及sIL-2R、sIL-6R血浆水平并做组间及治疗前后比较.结果与对照组比较,研究组治疗前血浆IL-2、6及sIL-2R、sIL-6R水平(分别为:23.94±10.05,60.51±32.12,18.08±3.63,25.21±2.02)显著升高(P＜0.05),治疗后sIL-2R及IL-6水平仍显著升高(P＜0.05),而IL-2及sIL-6R水平差异无显著性(P＞0.05);研究组治疗前后比较,血浆IL-2及sIL-6R水平显著下降(P＜0.05),IL-6水平显著升高(P＜0.05),sIL-2R治疗前后差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论精神分裂症患者存在IL-2、IL-6及sIL-2R、sIL-6R介导的免疫功能紊乱,氯氮平可能对该功能紊乱有抑制性调节作用.     

恶性肿瘤放疗前后血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体含量变化的临床意义

目的探讨血清可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)水平与恶性肿瘤患者的病期及疗效的关系.方法采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测159例恶性肿瘤患者放疗前后血清sIL-2R水平.结果恶性肿瘤患者放疗前血清sIL-2R水平明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);放疗后血清sIL-2R水平明显低于放疗前(P＜0.001);晚期患者(Ⅲ+Ⅳ期)不论是放疗前或放疗后sIL-2R水平均明显高于早期患者(Ⅰ+Ⅱ期)(P＜0.05);各类恶性肿瘤之间血清sIL-2R水平无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 sIL-2R水平在各种恶性肿瘤中的表达无特异性;检测恶性肿瘤患者sIL-2R放疗前后水平,是对病情估计和治疗疗效评价的一项参考指标.     

血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体在风湿热患儿中的意义

目的探讨血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)在儿童风湿热(ARF)发病中的作用及其临床意义.方法应用单克隆抗体ELISA法检测活动组(n=26)、静止组(n=23)和对照组(n=20)血清sIL-2R浓度以及活动组血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)浓度,治疗后活动组sIL-2R浓度.结果活动组血清sIL-2R水平明显升高,与静止组及对照组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01),静止组与对照组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).活动组治疗后较治疗前sIL-2R降低,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).sIL-2R阳性率明显高于ESR和CRP.结论sIL-2R参与ARF的发病过程,且其敏感性较高,有望成为监测风湿活动和观察药物疗效的指标.     

干扰素治疗对慢性乙肝患者细胞因子和抗病毒疗效的影响分析

目的探讨血清细胞因子(IL-2,IL-10,IL-12和sIL-2R)在慢性乙型肝炎中的作用及抗病毒治疗对其水平的影响.方法采用ELISA方法检测干扰素治疗前、治疗6个月后的91例慢性乙肝患者血清IL-2,IL-10,IL-12和sIL-2R活性含量;HBV-DNA定量检测采用PCR方法.结果治疗前慢性乙肝患者血清IL-10和sIL-2R活性含量均明显高于对照组差异显著(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);而血清IL-2和IL-12在Ⅱ组(有效组)、Ⅰ组(无效组)及对照组间无差异性(P＞0.05).治疗后Ⅱ组血清IL-10和sIL-2R含量明显降低,与对照组无差异性(P＞0.05);其血清IL-2和IL-12明显升高,同对照组、Ⅰ组相比差异显著(P＜0.01).结论 IL-2,IL-10,IL-12和sIL-2R均参与慢性乙肝的发病机制,并可作为评估干扰素抗病毒治疗的重要免疫指标.     

中药灌肠联合西药治疗急性重症胰腺炎临床研究

目的:观察中药灌肠联合西药治疗急性重症胰腺炎的临床疗效。方法:选取2014年8月—2015年8月期间收治的急性重症胰腺炎患者84例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与研究组,各42例。对照组采用常规西药进行治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合中药灌肠治疗,观察两组患者临床指标改善情况、淀粉酶变化情况、临床症状缓解时间以及不良反应情况,评价临床疗效。结果:研究组、对照组治疗有效率分别为92.86%、80.95%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后研究组患者白细胞、肌酐、血糖、血尿素氮、淀粉酶以及急性生理与慢性健康(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation,APACHE-Ⅱ)评分水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前、治疗后24 h两组患者淀粉酶水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗48 h、72 h后研究组淀粉酶水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组患者腹痛缓解时间、体温恢复时间、自主通便时间、住院时间均短于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为9.52%,对照组不良反应发生率为11.90%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:中药灌肠配合西药治疗急性重症胰腺炎效果较好,可明显改善各项临床指标,降低淀粉酶水平,不良反应少,安全性较高。     

维持性血液透析患者Th1/Th2型细胞因子的变化及临床意义

目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血清Th1/Th2型细胞因子水平的改变及其意义。方法选择行MHD终末期尿毒症患者35例及健康对照者20例,于清晨空腹采血,采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法测定血清IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-10和sIL-2R含量及全自动生化测定仪检测各项肾功能指标。结果MHD患者血清Th1型细胞因子IL-2、IFN-γ水平较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而Th2型细胞因子IL-4、IL-10水平则无明显差异(P>0.05);Th1/Th2比值升高。此外,MHD患者血清sIL-2R水平亦较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。直线相关分析显示,MHD患者Cr与血清IFN-γ呈显著正相关(P<0.01),而与血清IL-2、IL-4、IL-10和sIL-2R无明显相关性;未发现BUN与血清IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-10和sIL-2R有相关性。结论MHD患者机体Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡失调,Th1型细胞因子占优势,IFN-γ水平与Cr水平相关。     

急性期川崎病患儿白介素-2受体及C反应蛋白和铜蓝蛋白的水平变化

目的 通过观察白介素-2受体(interleukin-2 receptor,IL-2R)、C反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)和铜蓝蛋白(copper protein,CP)在急性期川崎病(Kawasaki disease, KD)患儿的变化规律,探讨三者对评估KD治疗效果的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和速率散射比浊法检测32例急性期KD患儿血清中sIL-2R、hs-CRP以及CP的水平,并与32例健康体检儿童比较.结果 KD组治疗前及治疗早期的血清 sIL-2R、hs-CRP以及CP水平明显升高(P＜0.05).有效治疗后,KD组sIL-2R、hs-CRP以及CP水平与健康儿童差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).经Spearman分析,KD患儿sIL-2R、hs-CRP以及CP水平两两呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 血清sIL-2R、hs-CRP和CP水平与KD病情发展直接相关,临床动态监测sIL-2R、hs-CRP以及CP有助于了解KD病程发展和转归.     

美沙拉嗪联合康复新液保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及对血清炎症细胞因子、凝血指标的影响

目的:探讨美沙拉嗪联合康复新液保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效及对患者血清炎症细胞因子、凝血指标的影响。方法:选取UC患者68例,按照随机数字表法将其分为病例组和对照组,各34例。对照组给予美沙拉嗪口服,病例组在对照组基础上联合康复新液保留灌肠,均连续治疗4周。比较两组治疗后的临床疗效,治疗前后的炎症细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8)及凝血指标(FIB、MPV)水平。结果:病例组总有效率为94.12%,高于对照组的73.53%,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,病例组TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、FIB均低于对照组,但MPV水平高于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:美沙拉嗪联合康复新液保留灌肠治疗UC能协同减轻炎症反应、改善患者血液高凝状态,减轻肠黏膜损伤,提高临床疗效,临床上值得进一步研究。     

水蛭对狼疮性肾炎患者血浆内皮素和可溶性白介素-2受体的影响

目的探讨水蛭对狼疮性肾炎患者血浆内皮素(ET)、可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)的影响。方法将44例狼疮性肾炎患者随机分为常规激素治疗组(20例)及常规治疗加水蛭干预组(24例),观察治疗前后ET及sIL-2R水平的变化情况及对相关生化指标的影响。另设20例健康体检者为健康对照组。结果治疗前狼疮性肾炎患者血浆ET、sIL-2R水平均高于健康对照组(P<0.01),治疗后两者水平均显著改善(P<0.05),且水蛭干预组优于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2组血清白蛋白、24 h尿蛋白均显著改善(P<0.05),但2组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论在常规治疗基础上加用水蛭能更有效地改善狼疮性肾炎患者血浆ET、sIL-2R水平,从而减轻肾组织的损害。     

血清sIL-2R、sCP检测对肿瘤患者化疗临床监测的应用价值

【目的】探讨血清sIL-2R、sCP水平对肿瘤患者化疗前后的应用价值。【方法】应用酶联免疫吸附法（EIASA）和比色法测定45例肿瘤患者化疗前后血清sIL-2R、sCP浓度。【结果】所有肿瘤患者化疗前血清sIL-2R、sCP活力水平明显高于正常对照组,具有显著性差异（P〈0．001）。化疗6个月后复发患者血清sIL-2R、sCP水平持续高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;未复发患者血清sIL-2R、sCP活力水平略高于正常对照组,但两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。【结论】血清sIL-2R、sCP表达水平对评价肿瘤患者化疗前后的病情和预后有一定临床意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.