2型糖尿病患者常规心电图ST-T改变与其冠心病发生率的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者常规心电图ST-T改变与其冠心病发生率的相关性。方法选取该院2016年7月—2018年7月收治的100例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,均接受常规心电图检查,依据心电图检查结果分为ST-段压低组与非ST-段压低组,两组均接受冠脉造影检查及1年随访,记录其冠心病发生情况,探讨心电图ST-T段改变与冠心病发生的相关性。结果依据心电图检查结果,ST-段压低39例(39.00%)、ST-段非压低61例(61.00%);依据冠状动脉造影,ST-段压低组冠心病检出率明显高于ST-段非压低组(P<0.05);1年随访期内,ST-段压低组冠心病发生率明显低于ST-段非压低组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析表明心电图ST-T改变与冠心病发生之间呈正相关(r=0.316,P=0.001)。结论2型糖尿病患者能够通过常规心电图ST-T改变预测冠心病,有助于临床早期防治。     

68例甲状腺功能亢进患者的心电图分析

本文对我院1998年～2004年68例甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)患者的心电图资料分析,报告如下。     

2型糖尿病的心电图改变

糖尿病是1种常见的有遗传倾向的代谢性内分泌疾病。患最易合并心血管病变，且对患生命威胁最为严重。据统计占心脏病死亡数的10％～20％^[1]。心电图改变是判断糖尿病患心功能情况的重要指标，现对我院96例2型糖尿病常规12导联心电图检查报告如下。     

老年糖尿病患者的心电图改变临床分析

目的分析老年糖尿病患者的心电图改变情况。方法搜集2012年9月—2013年9月该院接收的老年糖尿病44例患者作为甲组,将同期接收的老年其他疾病44例患者作为乙组。对甲组和乙组的心电图进行分析,并对比。结果甲组心电图异常率高于乙组,最高心率较高,最低心率较低,窦性、交界性、房性、传导阻滞、室性、ST-T改变病例较多,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年糖尿病患者心电图改变的发生率较高,必须重视心电图检查,加强早期诊断。     

1560例晚期妊娠心电图分析

目的 探讨晚期妊娠心电图改变及其临床意义.方法 回顾性分析1560例晚期妊娠孕妇的心电图资料,对心律失常及ST-T进行24小时动态心电图分析.结果 (1) 1560例孕妇有心电图改变426例,发生率为15.76％.其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF ST段改变9例(3.65％),T波改变56例(22.76％),窦性心动过速79例(32.11％),窦性心动过速合并ST-T改变58例(23.57％),偶发室性期前收缩10例(4.06％),频发室早12例(4.87％),短P-R综合征22例(8.94％).(2)第二胎心电图改变明显高于第一胎,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)产后7天复查心电图,其心电图改变与孕期比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 晚期妊娠可引起心电图改变,主要与妊娠一系列生理改变、妊娠胎次及自身适应变化有关.     

不同体位心电图ST-T改变分析

目的分析不同体位常规12导联心电图ST-T的变化,探讨其临床意义。方法随机选取40例体检者,分别进行平卧位、左侧卧位、右侧卧位、坐位、站立位、常规12导联心电图检查,对每例心电图以平卧位为标准进行对比分析ST-T的变化。结果各体位心电图中ST段无明显变化,只有1例常规平卧心电图STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4～V6水平压低0.05～0.075mV,而左侧卧位心电图STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4～V6呈下斜型压低0.05～0.10mV。T波的变化下壁变化明显T波由直立转为低平浅倒,高侧壁前外侧壁由直立略低平转为低平平坦。结论 体位性ST-T改变是一种正常的变异。     

心电图ST-T改变超声心动图检查110例对照分析

我院自2000年6月～2004年6月对110例45岁以上患者,心电图ST—T出现异常改变后进行超声心动图检查。     

110例2型糖尿病患者心电图检查结果分析

为探讨糖尿病患者心电图异常改变的临床意义，我们对2005年1月-2006年12月收治的110例糖尿病患者的心电图检查结果进行分析。     

12导联同步动态心电图1058例分析

目的研究住院患者12导联同步动态心电图（DCG）缺血性ST—T变化特点和心律失常发生率。方法回顾性分析1058例DCG资料,分析冠心病心肌缺血和心律失常的发生率。结果369例冠心病组中,41例（占11．11％）发生缺血性ST—T下降,缺血部位为：前侧壁19例、前壁13例、下壁8例、后壁1例;6例发生一过性损伤型ST段抬高．下壁4例、前壁2例;1例急性下壁心肌损伤型ST段抬高者出现短暂心室颤动,持续约2min后自行转复为窦性心律。心律失常发生率由高向低排列依次为房性期前收缩84．88％、室性期前收缩72．97％、房性心动过速25．90％、心房颤动9、64％、室性心动过速6．05％、右束支阻滞3．97％、停搏2．08％。其它少见的心律失常有窦性期前收缩、房性心律、交界性心律、室性心律、窦房阻滞、房室传导阻滞、并行心律、WPW等。结论DCG可对缺血性ST段改变进行定位诊断。     

动态心电图与常规心电图检测ST-T段改变对比分析

目的对比动态心电图与常规心电图检测ST-T段改变情况。方法选取于我院接受治疗的60例心脏病患者为观察对象,按照心电图检测方法的不同分为两组,即对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组患者接受动态心电图检测,观察组患者接受常规心电图检测,对比两组患者ST-T段改变情况。结果观察组ST段缺血性压低、V1-V6 T波直立V1 T>V5 T、V4-V6 T波低平或倒置比例高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对患者进行常规心电图检测ST-T段检测可诊断患者是否存在心肌缺血等心脏疾病,同时结合患者临床资料诊断也可达到令人满意的效果。     

173例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症患者动态心电图特征分析

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者的动态心电图变化特点及临床意义。方法比较173例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症患者（观察组）和173例以胸闷、胸痛、心悸为主要症状的患者（对照组）的动态心电图检查结果。结果观察组各种心律失常及ST-T改变发生率明显高于对照组（P均〈0.05）;观察组组患者夜间各种心律失常及ST-T改变明显高于白天（P〈0.05）。结论阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征可以起多种心电图异常改变,其异常改变多发于夜间。     

糖尿病人的心率变异性研究

目的 :研究糖尿病人的心率变异情况。方法 :用 2 4小时动态心电图监测分析系统测定 5 5例糖尿病患者及 10 0例正常人的心率变异性指数 2 4小时总的 R- R间期标准差 (SDNN)。结果 :糖尿病人 2 4小时的 SDNN为 99.46±2 9.8ms,小于正常对照组的 141.45± 17.8ms,两组之间存在显著差异性 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :糖尿病人存在迷走神经功能障碍。     

2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者心电图及冠脉造影结果的分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并冠心病的心电图和冠脉造影特点。方法对在我院住院经冠脉造影确诊为冠心病的2型糖尿病患者53例作为观察组；随机选择同期住院不合并2型糖尿病的冠心病患者53例作为对照组。分析两组患者的心电图与冠脉造影结果。结果冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者，冠状动脉三支病变的发生率、受累血管总数、弥漫性病变血管数明显高于非糖尿病组（p〈0．05），单支病变的发生率明显低于非糖尿病组（p〈0．05），而双支病变、左主干病变、100％闭塞血管相比无显著性差异（p〉0．05）。ST-T改变导联在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4、V5、V6导联出现的频率高，但与冠脉病变的支数无明显关系。结论冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者，冠状动脉三支病变的发生率、受累血管总数、弥漫性病变血管数明显高于非糖尿病冠心病患者；心电图ST-T改变导联与冠脉病变的支数无明显关系，冠脉病变的严重程度与心电图缺乏对应性关系。     

Problem of amputations in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus

A reduction of 50 % or more in diabetes-related amputations is a primary target of the St Vincent Declaration. This is thought to be achievable because both primary and secondary preventative healthcare strategies are effective in reducing the incidence of diabetic foot ulceration and progression to amputation. Unfortunately there is a group who cannot benefit from preventative health care, that is, newly diagnosed diabetic patients with already established severe complications. Using our population-based district diabetes information system we investigated, during the period 1 January 1992 to 31 December 96, the incidence and prevalence of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) and the proportion occurring in patients newly or recently diagnosed as having diabetes. Seventy-nine diabetic patients (59 male, 20 female) were recorded as having had 94 LEAs, the incidence of diabetes-related LEA being 475 per 100 000 diabetic patient-years. Of these LEAs 16 (20.2 %) were performed within 1 year of diabetes being diagnosed. This study highlights an appreciable and previously unrecognized problem: patients presenting with established complications of diabetes who cannot benefit from secondary preventative healthcare. These patients pose a potential obstacle to achieving targets for reductions in diabetes-related amputations. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

2型糖尿病患者心率变异性分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者心率变异性（HRV）情况。方法按纳入与排除标准将收集的160名患者分为两组：2型糖尿病组,对照组。行24h动态心电图检查,观察24hHRV时域分析指标。结果2型糖尿病组HRV时域分析指标SDNN、PNN50、SDANN、RMSSD均较对照组偏低,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）。2型糖尿病组平均心率、夜间平均心率、最小心率也均较血糖正常对照组偏快,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）。结论2型糖尿病患者HRV降低,即自主神经对心脏的调节能力减弱。对2型糖尿病患者应早期进行动态心电图监测,关注心率变异指标,了解有无心率变异性异常,及早发现糖尿病伴心率变异性异常患者。     

Sarcopenia and frailty in older patients with diabetes mellitus

Sarcopenia is defined as age‐associated loss of muscle mass and function, and is frequently accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM) in older adults. Some of the mechanisms of the development of sarcopenia including insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction are also associated with the pathogenesis of DM. Sarcopenia provides the basis for frailty, which is a state that is highly vulnerable to stressors, and can lead to disability, dependency and mortality, and older DM patients are often in a state of frailty. Given the background of an increasing number of older DM patients, the screening and early detection of sarcopenia/frailty and appropriate intervention would be expected to improve the prognosis and quality of life in older patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 293–299.     

Stroke in patients with diabetes mellitus

The article's objective is to review the key advances in the scientific literature related to the association of stroke with diabetes mellitus and to summarize the current approaches to stroke prevention in diabetic patients. The key findings from the literature regarding stroke incidence in patients with diabetes, specific and nonspecific risk factors of stroke in the diabetic population, such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, diabetes duration, diabetic complications, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, course and outcome of stroke in subjects with diabetes and/or hyperglycemia, and the peculiarities of type, site and size of stroke in diabetic patients are discussed. The results of recent clinical trials aimed at correcting hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, to prevent stroke in people with diabetes, are reviewed. The medical database Medline along with original articles from peer-reviewed journals were used for analysis.There is convincing evidence suggesting that diabetes mellitus represents a strong independent risk factor of stroke. The contribution of hyperglycemia to increased stroke risk is not proven. Data suggest an association of the full cluster of the insulin resistance syndrome and stroke. Diabetes is a risk factor mainly for ischemic stroke, while its association with hemorrhagic stroke remains controversial. Hyperglycemia is common in stroke patients, but it is not known whether it independently influences the course and outcome of stroke or merely reflects stroke severity and location. Aggressive control of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia allows to decrease the risk of stroke in diabetic patients substantially, while the importance of glucose control for stroke prevention remains unproven.