小型猪脾虚痰浊证模型评价量表研制与考评

目的:编制小型猪脾虚痰浊证模型评价量表,并对其进行信度和效度考评。方法:依据中医证候理论,以小型猪粪便性状、划痕、等待喂食行为、皮毛光泽、鼻盘颜色为条目,建立量表,并对其信度(包括内部一致性信度、重测信度)、效度(包括内容效度、结构效度和区分效度)进行考评。结果:信度方面,便溏维度克朗巴赫α系数为0.742,总表克朗巴赫α系数为0.523;重测信度除等待喂食行为外,其他条目相关系数均0.7(0.745~1)。效度方面,除鼻盘颜色条目外,其他条目之间相关系数在0.137~0.608,其他条目与量表总分相关系数均0.4(0.479~0.727);量表提取3个公因子,累计贡献率为80.165%;量表对脾虚痰浊证模型小型猪评测总分为(3.26±1.65)分,明显高于正常组(1.17±0.76)分,能够很好区分出脾虚痰浊证模型小型猪(P0.05)。结论:小型猪脾虚痰浊证模型评价量表的信度和效度都达到了量表标准,可用于小型猪脾虚痰浊证模型评价。     

军人心理适应性量表的编制

目的: 研发一种测评中国军人心理适应性的专用量表.方法: 采用个人构念积贮格技术搜集条目素材,经条目分析、信度与效度检验,建构自评量表.结果: ①经因子分析,抽取特征根值＞1的11个因子,包含130个条目,可解释总方差的57.1%;② 11个分量表的内部一致性α系数均在0.70以上,再测信度系数＞0.70(P<0.01);③新兵和老兵群体之间的区分效度良好(t=4.12～33.28,P<0.01),军人心理适应性量表与16PF和SCL-90的相容效度系数为0.47～0.67(P<0.01);④根据22762例数据建立了试用常模.结论: 军人心理适应性量表可供基层官兵使用.     

急性心肌梗死中医生命质量量表的研制及测评

目的:编制急性心肌梗死患者中医生命质量量表,并进行科学性考评。方法:应用文献查阅法、德尔菲专家咨询法等方法确定条目池,并应用统计学方法对初始量表进行条目筛选,形成测试量表,对其信度及效度进行评价。结果:量表包括症状、生理、情志及社会4个维度33个条目;量表的总体克朗巴赫系数为0.623,分半信度系数为0.757,各条目与相关维度的相关系数均在0.5以上;与西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)的相关系数为0.407。结论:急性心肌梗死中医生命质量量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为临床、生命质量等医学的一种测评工具。     

维和官兵创伤压力暴露量表的初步编制及信效度检验

目的 初步编制维和官兵创伤及压力暴露量表,评价其信度及效度。 方法 基于文献回顾和访谈法确定量表的理论模型和结构模型,建立条目池,编制测试条目,经专家修订形成基本条目。对维和步兵营733名官兵进行测试,通过项目分析等进行条目筛选,应用探索性因素分析等形成基本量表。运用量表对维和步兵595名官兵进行验证性测试,通过相关分析、验证性因素分析等验证量表的效度,以克朗巴赫系数和分半信度检验量表的信度,以PCL-M量表作为研究校标。结果 经统计学分析结合专业知识,量表最终保留5个维度,分别为创伤性事件、个人生活应激源、人际关系应激源、任务评价、过去创伤性事件,共25个条目,累计贡献率达62.909%。验证性因子分析结果显示各检验量均处于标准范围,χ2/df=2.438,RMR =0.042, RMSEA=0.082;总量表同质信度克朗巴赫系数为0.909,分半信度为0.806,各维度与量表总分相关系数为0.411～0.727(P<0.01),量表总分与PCL-M量表总分的校标关联效度为0.623(P<0.01),显示该量表信效度良好。以5%为划分点,计算量表的预测效度,AUC（曲线下面积）为0.937,说明该量表在5%的划分点预测价值较高。结论 经过严格的条目筛选后,保留的条目符合代表性好、敏感性高、区分性好的原则,达到了编制的要求。     

《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》的编制与信效度评价

目的 编制《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》,并进行信效度评价,为中医体质“治未病”健康管理提供测评工具。方法 基于知识-态度-行为(下简称“知信行”)理论,通过文献回顾并结合专家意见,初步编制《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》。采取方便抽样方法,选择新疆和北京共3所大学的922名大学生为样本进行调查。量表信度评价采用内部一致性信度和折半信度,量表效度评价采用结构效度、集合效度和区分效度。结果 编制形成的《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》共24个条目,分属于知识(8条目)、信念/态度(9条目)和行为(7条目)3个维度。量表总的克龙巴赫α系数为0.925(>0.9),各维度的克龙巴赫α系数为0.887～0.943(>0.8);折半信度Spearman-Brown系数为0.960。探索性因子分析提取的3个公因子累积贡献率为66.33%,结果与知信行理论一致;验证性因子分析显示模型拟合较好。集合效度相关系数为0.538～0.838(P<0.05),区分效度相关系数为0.096～0.541(P<0.05),集合效度和区分效度定标试验成功率均为100%。结论 《中医体质“治未病...     

基于保护动机理论的新型冠状病毒个人防护信念量表的初步编制

目的 编制评估新型冠状病毒个人防护信念的量表工具,检测其信度与效度.方法 以保护动机理论为基础设计量表,通过网络调查平台问卷星对国内18岁以上社区居民进行调查,回收有效问卷613份.结果 成功编制《新型冠状病毒个人防护信念量表》;该量表有19个条目,包括"威胁感知""回报感知""效能评价""反应代价"和"恐惧"5个因子...     

哮喘儿童自我管理量表的编制

目的 编制哮喘儿童自我管理量表,为儿童哮喘健康教育效果评价提供依据.方法 运用文献检索和深度访谈的方法编制了哮喘儿童自我管理量表的初始条目;运用此量表对492名哮喘儿童(7～17岁)进行调查,并对数据进行信度和效度检验.结果 量表各项指标均达到心理测量学标准:量表各条目临界比(CR值)达到显著性(P＜0.05),各条目与总分相关大于0.20,表明该量表有较好区分度.探索性因素分析以及验证性因素分析结果证明了该量表的结构较为合理;内部一致性信度(Cronbach′ α)0.866;分半信度0.902;重测信度0.876.结论 哮喘儿童自我管理量表具有较好的信度和效度,可作为科学评估儿童哮喘自我管理健康教育效果的工具.     

骨质疏松症生活质量量表理论结构的因素分析

为了给骨质疏松症患者生活质量的研究提供一个有效的、针对性强的研究工具,编制者依据现代心理学量表编制理论与方法,吸取了国内外有关生活质量量表的长处[1],结合临床患者的疾病特点、编制者多年的应用、编制量表的经验和量表编制的发展趋势[2],编制了骨质疏松症生活质量量表(OQOLS),该量表包含75个条目,覆盖了与生活质量有关的5个维度(疾病、生理、社会、心理、满意度).研究显示OQOLS量表具有较好的信度和效度[3].为检验该量表的理论构想,本研究采用探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析方法来验证量表的结构效度.     

女性衰老状况中医测量量表的研制和评价

目的:编制女性衰老状况中医测量量表,并通过试用检验其信度、效度。方法:通过文献研究法、个体访谈法、Delphi法初步形成量表测试题,应用统计学技术分析,结合专业筛选条目,并进行信度、效度检验。以山东省6地市500名女性为研究对象,进一步评价该量表。结果:经筛选后女性衰老状况中医量表包括73个条目,同质性信度各维度因子得分及总分的克伦巴赫α系数均大于0.7;结构效度分析,旋转后因子载荷除个别条目与在其他因子上的因子载荷相近外,各项在原设计因子上的因子载荷最大,与预先提出的建构理论基本吻合。结论:量表具有较好的信度、效度,能较全面地定量评估女性的衰老状况。     

评价EORTC QLQ-C30V3．0在新疆少数民族恶性肿瘤患者中的应用价值

目的:研究生活质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30 V3.0在新疆维吾尔及哈萨克族恶性肿瘤患者中的应用价值.方法:受试对象为新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的维吾尔族及哈萨克族恶性肿瘤患者415例.采用维语及哈语版EORTC QLQ-C30 V3.0对受试对象进行生活质量测定.对126例患者在第2～3天重测1次,并对其中45例患者相隔2周后行第3次测定.对量表的效度、信度、反应度以及在临床的应用结果进行评价.结果:(1)量表的信度评价:各领域的Cronbach′s α均在0.77以上;总量表的分半信度系数为0.745;9个领域的重测信度均在0.7以上,各领域重测信度差异无统计学意义(r>0.7,P>0.05);(2)量表的效度评价:各条目得分与其所在领域得分之间明显相关(r均>0.5),提取的3个公共因子可以解释总变异的59.04%;(3)量表的反应度评价:情绪功能、社会功能领域及经济困难单项测量项目差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余领域及单项测量项目差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)量表的可行性:回收率为96.26%,完成率为97.64%,完成量表的时间均<20 min.结论:EORTC QLQ-C30用于新疆部分少数民族恶性肿瘤患者具有较好的信度、效度、反应度,对于评价生活质量具有临床应用的可行性及参考价值.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.