中国北方汉族人群CYP4F2基因rs2108622多态性与原发性高血压的相关性研究

目的：探讨我国北方汉族人群CYP4F2基因单核苷酸多态性位点rs2108622与原发性高血压的相关性。方法：采用病例-对照研究的方法,选取在北京安贞医院就诊的北方汉族原发性高血压者765例（HT组）和同期健康体检血压正常者477例（NT组）。应用TaqMan荧光定量法对CYP4F2基因rs2108622进行基因分型,评估该多态性位点与我国北方汉族人群原发性高血压发病风险的关系。结果：rs2108622位点在HT组和NT组的基因型分别为AA型61/35、AG型296/162、GG型403/273;A等位基因频率分别为27.5%/24.7%,G等位基因频率分别72.5%/75.3%。两组间基因型和等位基因频率分布,差异均无统计学意义（分别为P=0.218,P=0.123）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：等位基因模型（OR=1.147,95%CI=0.853!1.543）、显性模型（OR=0.788,95%CI=0.549!1.131）、隐性模型（OR=1.153,95%CI=0.549!2.422）、纯合子模型（OR=1.018,95%CI=0.48!2.157）、加性模型（OR=0.872,95%CI=0.649!1.172）均未发现该多态性位点与原发性高血压存在相关性。根据性别进行亚组分析显示：男性亚组中A等位基因频率在HT组（27.5%）高于NT组（23.7%）,但差异无统计学意义（P=0.096）。而在女性亚组中各基因型和等位基因频率分布两组间比较,亦均差异无统计学意义（P=0.579和P=0.677）。结论：本研究发现CYP4F2基因rs2108622多态性位点可能与中国北方汉族人群原发性高血压的发病不存在相关性。     

ADIPOR1 基因多态性与冠状动脉多支血管严重病变合并心功能不全的相关性

目的 对比研究冠状动脉多支血管严重病变合并心功能不全的患者与正常人群ADIPOR1基因多态性的差异。方法 连续选取2017年2月至2018年4月于我病房住院行冠状动脉造影提示多支血管严重病变且合并心功能不全（以下简称冠心病）的62例患者作为冠心病组,另选取同期住院行冠脉造影的51例非冠心病非糖尿病患者为正常对照组,分析ADIPOR1基因的12个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNPs)与冠心病、冠心病合并2型糖尿病的关系。 结果 ①rs7529354、rs7514221、rs2275737、rs12045862的风险等位基因在冠心病组出现的频率更高（P均＜0.05）。②进一步将冠心病组患者分为单纯冠心病组（单纯CAD组）、冠心病合并2型糖尿病组（CAD+T2D组）,将两组患者的基因型分布分别与正常对照组进行比较发现,rs7529354的G等位基因携带者（GG+AG）患冠心病的风险是AA基因型携带者的9.7倍(OR=9.7,95%CI 1.0-91.2,P=0.047);rs7514221的A等位基因携带者（AA+AG）患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是GG基因型携带者的8.2倍(OR=8.2,95%CI 1.6-42.0,P=0.012)。rs2275737的G等位基因携带者（GG+TG）患冠心病的风险是TT基因型携带者的3.7倍(OR=3.7,95%CI 1.0-13.2,P=0.046),其患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是TT基因型携带者的4.9倍(OR=4.9,95%CI 1.2-20.1,P=0.029);rs12045862的A等位基因携带者（AA+AG）患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是GG基因型携带者的3.5倍(OR=3.5,95%CI 1.2-10.1,P=0.023)。rs1342387的G等位基因携带者（GG+AG）发生冠心病的风险是AA基因型携带者的2.6倍(OR=2.6,95%CI 1.1-6.3,P=0.035)。③单倍型分析中,由rs2275737（T＞G）、rs7514221（G＞A）及rs7529354（A＞G）构成的保护性单倍型AGT与CAD合并T2D的易感性呈负相关（OR=0.09,95%CI 0.02-0.48,P=0.006）。结论ADIPOR1基因 rs7529354、rs7514221、rs2275737、rs12045862 、rs1342387多态性可能与汉族人群冠心病的易感性相关。     

基质金属蛋白酶1基因-519A/G多态性与冠心病发病的关系

目的 研究中国北方汉族人群中基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP1)基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病发病的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性技术结合琼脂糖凝胶电泳和基因测序等方法,检测经冠状动脉造影证实的517例冠心病患者和380例健康对照者MMP1-基因-519A/G多态性位点的基因型和等位基因分布,分析两组人群MMP1基因型和等位基因型频率的差异.结果 中国北方汉族人群中存在MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性.MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态的AA基因型在冠心病组和对照组间的分布差异有统计学意义[67.70%(350/517)比40.26%(153/380),OR=1.64,P＜0.001,95%CI:1.44～1.86],A等位基因携带者冠心病发病的相对危险度为1.49(P＜0.001,95%CI:1.33～1.69).亚组分析显示,AA基因型在急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)组和稳定性心绞痛组间的分布差异有统计学意义[68.81%(278/404)比51.76%(44/85),P＜0.01,95%CI:1.04～1.27].A等位基因携带者发生ACS的相对危险度为1.11(P＜0.05,95%CI:1.01～1.21).不稳定性心绞痛组与急性心肌梗死组比较,AA基因型和A等位基因的分布差异无统计学意义.结论 中国北方汉族人群中存在MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性.MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的发病相关,A等位基因携带者发生ACS的危险性增加.     

120例类风湿性关节炎患者Ghrelin基因C408A多态性观察

目的 探讨Ghrelin基因C408A多态性与类风湿性关节炎（RA）的关系。方法 采用PCR-RFLP方法结合DNA测序技术检测120例RA患者（观察组）和150例健康查体者（对照组）Ghrelin基因C408A位点多态性及等位基因频率分布情况。结果 Ghrelin基因C408A位点存在碱基二态性C或A。对照组基因型CC型107例（71.3%）、CA型41例（27.3%）、AA型2例（1.4%）,观察组CC型71例（59.2%）、CA型46例（38.3%）、AA型3（2.5%）;对照组等位基因C频数255例（85.0%）,A为45例（15.0%）;观察组为等位基因C 188例（78.3%）,A为52例（21.7%）。各基因型在两组中的分布经卡方检验,P〈0.05。纯合AA型（P=0.019,OR=1.963,95%CI为1.362-5.015）与杂合的CA型（P=0.023,OR=1.971,95%CI为1.117-3.752）可能增加RA的发病风险。等位基因频率在两组间存在显著性差异,A等位基因可能增加发病风险（P=0.022,OR=1.607,95%CI为1.121-3.218）。观察组基因型为CC、CA、AA者发病年龄分别为（46.3±11.6）岁、（37.5±10.3）岁、（38.8±5.9）岁,不同基因型者发病年龄有统计学差异（F=26.067,P〈0.05）,基因型为AA者发病年龄较小。观察组基因型为CC、CA、AA者男性病例数目分别为27、18、1例,不同基因型RA患者性别分布差异无统计学意义。结论 RA患者Ghrelin基因C408A位点存在多态性。基因型为AA、CA者RA发病风险高于CC者。A等位基因者发病风险增加;基因型为AA者发病年龄较小。     

白细胞介素-18基因编码区105位点A/C多态性与冠心病易感性的关系

目的:研究IL-18基因编码区105位点多态性与冠心病遗传易感性的关系。方法:采用多聚酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性分析法检测162例冠心病患者和134例对照者IL-18基因编码区105位点基因型,分析其与冠心病易感性的关系。结果:IL-18基因编码区105位点多态性中AA、AC、CC3种基因型在冠心病组和对照组中的频率分别为70.4%、29.0%、0.6%和88.1%、11.9%、0%。AC基因型患者患冠心病风险为AA基因型者的3.041倍(95%CI1.631～5.669),C等位基因携带者发生冠心病的风险是A等位基因携带者的2.806倍(95%CI1.556～5.061)(均P0.01)。结论:IL-18基因编码区105位点多态性与福建地区部分汉族人群冠心病的发生存在相关性,携带AC、CC基因型人群发生冠心病风险较高。     

B类Ⅰ型清道夫受体基因突变与冠心病高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的相关性研究

目的 探讨B类Ⅰ型清道夫受体(SR-BⅠ)外显子1 A等位基因突变与冠心病HDL-C的关系。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年12月在武汉市第一医院心内科就诊的280例冠心病患者为观察组,纳入同期在我院体检的100例非冠心病患者为对照组。检测所有入组者SR-BⅠ外显子1的基因型和等位基因,分析冠心病的危险因素。结果 观察组AA基因型和A等位基因显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。所有入组者GA+AA患者高血压、高脂血症、冠心病发病率和血脂水平显著高于未突变患者(P<0.05),HDL-C水平显著更低(P<0.05);高血压(OR=1.976,95%CI:1.093～3.571)、高脂血症(OR=2.179,95%CI:1.178～4.033)、TC(OR=2.570,95%CI:1.060～6.233)、HDL-C(OR=3.190,95%CI:1.403～7.252)、SR-BⅠ外显子1 A等位基因突变(OR=2.300,95%CI:1.136～5.354)是冠心病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。SR-BⅠ外显子1 A等位基因突变与高血压、高脂血症、TC、LDL...     

RAGE基因-374T/A多态性与中国汉族人群冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的相关性研究

目的观察晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor of advanced glycation end products,RAGE)基因启动区-374T/A多态性在中国汉人冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)人群和对照组人群中的分布特点,并比较两者之间的差异,分析RAGE基因启动区-374T/A多态性与冠心病的相关性。方法应用Tsp509 I限制性内切酶的多聚酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法,检测127例冠心病患者和88例对照组人群的RAGE多态性基因型。结果冠心病组与对照组间RAGE基因-374T/A多态性等位基因频率和基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);单因素logistic回归分析提示,AA基因型与冠心病无关联[OR=0.201,95%CI(0.201,4.220),P=0.9 155]。亚组分析显示,非糖尿病冠心病组与非糖尿病对照组RAGE基因-374T/A多态性等位基因频率和基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);单因素logistic回归分析提示,AA基因型与非糖尿病冠心病无关联[OR=1.415,95%CI(0.253,7.926),P=0.6 929]。结论 RAGE基因启动区-374T/A多态性可能与中国汉人冠心病的易感性无关联,其AA基因型可能不是中国汉人冠心病的保护因素。     

NPY2R基因5'调控区rs6851222多态与原发性高血压患病风险的关系

目的:研究NPY2R基因5'调控区rs6851222位点与云南彝族原发性高血压发生的关系。方法:研究对象为400例彝族人群,原发性高血压患者和正常对照个体各200例。运用直接测序的方法,对NPY2R基因5'调控区rs6851222多态性进行检测,分析其与云南彝族人群原发性高血压的关系。结果:本研究共检测到AA、AG和GG这3种基因型,并且rs6851222位点基因型分布在原发性高血压组和正常对照组中均符合HardyWeinberg平衡。rs6851222等位基因和基因型频率在原发性高血压组和对照组间的分布均具有显著性差异(P0.05),回归分析结果显示rs6851222A等位基因携带者的患病风险显著升高(OR=1.77,95%CI 1.32~2.38,P=0.000 1)。结论:本研究结果提示NPY2R基因5'调控区rs6851222位点与云南彝族原发性高血压发生相关,该位点A等位基因可增加原发性高血压发病风险。     

PDE4D基因多态性与辽宁省汉族人群缺血性脑卒中的相关性

目的探讨磷酸二酯酶(PDE)4D基因多态性与辽宁省汉族人群缺血性脑卒中(IS)潜在的遗传发病机制分子流行病学依据。方法采用病例对照的研究方法,检测PDE4D基因多态性位点SNP83、SNP 87、SNP219和SNP220在病例组、对照组中的频率分布。结果病例组SNP83位点CC基因型和C等位基因型频率分布均高于对照组(CC:P=0.001;OR=1.788;95%CI:1.280～2.497;C:P=0.003;OR=1.368;95%CI:1.115～1.678)。SNP219位点AA基因型和A等位基因型频率高于对照组(AA:P=0.029;OR=1.444;95%CI:1.037～2.010;A:P=0.048;OR=1.228;95%CI:1.001～1.505)。经条件Logistic回归校正后,SNP83CC基因型分布频率仍然高于对照组(P=0.036;OR=1.603;95%CI:1.032～2.489),SNP219AA基因型分布频率也仍然高于对照组(P=0.046;OR=1.567;95%CI:1.008～2.436)。由SNP219、SNP220位点构建的单体型中,AA单体型频率病例组高于对照组(P=0.013;OR=1.296;95%CI:1.056～1.591)。GA单体型频率病例组低于对照组(P=0.005;OR=0.650;95%CI:0.482～0.878)。结论 PDE4D基因SNP83、SNP219位点可能与辽宁省汉族人群大血管性IS具有相关性,而在由SNP219、SNP220位点构建的单体型中,AA可能是危险性单体型,GA可能是保护性单体型。     

硒蛋白S基因G-254A位点多态性与食管癌发病风险的关联性

目的探讨内蒙古汉族人群硒蛋白(Sel)S基因G-254A位点多态性与食管癌发病风险的相关性。方法采用四引物扩增阻碍突变体系聚合酶链式反应检测124例内蒙古汉族食管癌患者和132例健康对照者的基因型和等位基因频率,并进行测序验证,分析两组SelS基因G-254A位点基因型和等位基因频率分布的差异,同时对食管癌发病风险进行分层分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果吸烟、饮酒和基因突变是食管癌发病的主要危险因素(OR分别为1.782、1.594、2.286,均P<0.1);SelS基因G-254A位点CT、CC、TT基因型和C、T等位基因频率在两组间存在统计学差异(均P<0.05)。内蒙古汉族人群中携带T等位基因的CT和(或)TT基因型者患食管癌的风险高于CC基因型者(OR=2.005,95%CI:1.36~2.591),携带T等位基因且吸烟的个体患食管癌的风险增加,是CC基因型的2.611倍(OR=2.611,95%CI:1.410~4.835)。结论吸烟、饮酒和基因突变是食管癌发病的主要危险因素,吸烟与SelS基因突变可交互作用增加食管癌发病风险。     

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 4-demethoxyadriamycin and 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin

Two new analogs of adriamycin have been obtained by chemical synthesis, 4-demethoxyadriamycin and 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin. Both compounds were highly effective against experimental mouse tumors at doses about ten times lower than those effective for adriamycin. At the optimal dose, 4-demethoxyadriamycin displayed antitumor activity similar to that of adriamycin in solid Sarcoma 180 (S180), L1210, P388, and Gross leukemias, and mammary carcinoma, while it did not markedly inhibit the growth of Moloney sarcoma virus-induced sarcoma in mice treated before the virus infection. At the optimal dose, 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin was as active as adriamycin against L1210, P388,and Gross leukemias, and less active against solid S180. The results show that anthracycline derivatives characterized by the absence of the methoxyl group at the C-4 position are markedly more potent than the parent compound, and may exhibit a differential antitumor effect on a number of mouse tumors.     

Expressions of 2H4 and 4B4 antigens on ATL cells

We studied the expression of 2H4 and 4B4 on the surfaces of leukemia cells from 17 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) as well as of cells belonging to 2 T-cell lines derived from ATL patients. The effects of the supernatants obtained from culture fluids of the ATL cells and the T-cell lines on IgG production of a human B-cell line, CESS cells, were also examined. On the surfaces of the ATL cells from 15 out of 17 cases and of the cells of 2 T-cell lines 4B4 obviously existed at higher percentage than 2H4 and more than 80% of ATL cells from 16 out of these 17 cases showed the expression of T4 (CD4). These findings revealed that the most of ATL cells had a helper-inducer phenotype. Supernatants (Sups) of culture fluids of ATL cells from 4 patients and those of 2 T-cell lines were added at various concentrations to the CESS cells. In only 1 Sup from ATL patient enhanced the IgG production of the CESS cells at lower concentration. However, other 5 Sups suppressed the IgG production of the CESS cells in proportion to the increase of Sup added. These results showed that phenotypical type of ATL cells does not always correspond to their functions, and the ATL cells may produce humoral factors that regulate B cell functions.     

DNA A-tract bending in three dimensions: solving the dA4T4 vs. dT4A4 conundrum

DNA A-tracts have been defined as four or more consecutive A.T base pairs without a TpA step. When inserted in phase with the DNA helical repeat, bending is manifested macroscopically as anomalous migration on polyacrylamide gels, first observed >20 years ago. An unsolved conundrum is why DNA containing in-phase A-tract repeats of A(4)T(4) are bent, whereas T(4)A(4) is straight. We have determined the solution structures of the DNA duplexes formed by d(GCAAAATTTTGC) [A4T4] and d(CGTTTTAAAACG) [T4A4] with NH(4)(+) counterions by using NMR spectroscopy, including refinement with residual dipolar couplings. Analysis of the structures shows that the ApT step has a large negative roll, resulting in a local bend toward the minor groove, whereas the TpA step has a positive roll and locally bends toward the major groove. For A4T4, this bend is nearly in phase with bends at the two A-tract junctions, resulting in an overall bend toward the minor groove of the A-tract, whereas for T4A4, the bends oppose each other, resulting in a relatively straight helix. NMR-based structural modeling of d(CAAAATTTTG)(15) and d(GTTTTAAAAC)(15) reveals that the former forms a left-handed superhelix with a diameter of approximately 110 A and pitch of 80 A, similar to DNA in the nucleosome, whereas the latter has a gentle writhe with a pitch of >250 A and diameter of approximately 50 A. Results of gel electrophoretic mobility studies are consistent with the higher-order structure of the DNA and furthermore depend on the nature of the monovalent cation present in the running buffer.     

4 hands/4 ports Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

INTRODUCTION. Radical laparoscopic prostatectomy is a challenging procedure, which requires a steep learning curve and involves normally three operators. Consequently this is an expensive procedure due both to the time spent for surgery in the operating theatre and the number of operators involved. But time consumption and consequently money costs can be reduced thanks to the learning curve enhancement and, moreover, by reducing the number of operators involved. This work is based on the idea of performing laparoscopic prostatectomy with two operators only. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Our cases are 124 radical laparoscopic prostatectomies, performed from January 2004 until April 2009; of these, 13 non-consecutive, were carried out with 2 operators and 4 ports. The first attempt - not totally successful due to time spent in the operating theatre and to some operational difficulty - was carried out as 60th procedure (learning curve was not complete). Once the method was applied as 103rd procedure, it could then be constantly implemented. RESULTS. We demonstrate that this option is feasible once the team performing the laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has acquired a good level in the learning curve. The outcomes are very interesting with regard to time consumption (205' minutes: one minute more than the 3 operators/5 ports procedure) and early oncological and functional results.