癌胚抗原和C-反应蛋白联合检测在良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的意义

目的探讨肿瘤标记物癌胚抗原(CEA)和C反-应蛋白(CRP)联合检测在良、恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的临床意义。方法采用免疫放射法分别检测23例恶性胸腔积液(恶性组)和35例良性胸腔积液患者(良性组)胸水样本中CEA含量和CRP水平,并进行对比分析。结果恶性组患者胸水样本中CEA含量明显高于良性组(P<0.05),CRP水平明显低于良性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),采用胸水中CEA含量及CRP联合检测诊断良、恶性胸腔积液的灵敏度、特异性和准确率分别为65.7%、70%和67.2%。结论联合检测胸腔积液中CEA和CRP水平在良、恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中具有重要的临床价值。     

肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液化疗前后CEA、NSE、SCC-Ag的表达及意义

目的探讨肿瘤标志物CEA、NSE和SCC-Ag在肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液的诊断和评估近期疗效的价值。方法用电化学发光法分别检测肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者(实验组)和良性胸腔积液患者(对照组)血清及胸水中CEA、NSE和SCC-Ag水平,及实验组化疗后血清上述肿瘤标志物水平。结果实验组血及胸水中CEA、NSE、SCC-Ag水平均高于对照组(P0.05);化疗有效组血中CEA、NSE、SCC-Ag水平均低于化疗前(P0.05);化疗失败组血中CEA水平明显高于化疗前(P0.05),NSE、SCC-Ag水平无明显变化(P0.05)。结论 CEA、NSE、SCC-Ag对肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液的诊断有指导意义,CEA能判断肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者化疗的近期疗效。     

联合检测胸水脱落细胞Survivin基因及血清Survivin抗体在恶性胸腔积液诊断中的意义

目的:探讨胸水Survivin基因及血清Survivin抗体诊断恶性胸腔积液的可行性。方法:选择恶性胸腔积液患者50例(非小细胞肺癌胸水组)及结核性胸腔积液患者50例(对照组),检测并比较2组胸水脱落细胞Survivin基因表达水平和血清Survivin抗体水平。结果:恶性胸水组脱落细胞Survivin基因表达阳性患者12例(24%)明显高于对照组(0%),恶性胸水组血清Survivin抗体浓度(102.10±94.53)pg/m L明显高于对照组(56.32±19.37)pg/mL(P0.01)。当血清Survivin抗体浓度80 pg/m L时,对癌性胸水诊断的敏感性及特异性均较好,分别为88.0%和84.6%。结论:胸水脱落细胞Survivin基因联合血清Survivin抗体检测在肺癌性胸腔积液诊断中有一定的临床意义。     

CEA及NGAL在恶性胸腔积液患者胸水中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨癌胚抗原(CEA)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)在恶性胸腔积液(MPE)患者胸水中的表达及临床意义。方法回顾性分析2017年12月~2020年01月医院收治的93例MPE患者及107例良性组胸腔积液患者的临床资料,检测并比较两组患者胸水及血清中的CEA、NGAL表达水平,并采用受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)分析胸水中的CEA、NGAL表达水平对良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断及对预后的评估价值。结果两组患者胸水、血清中的CEA表达水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且胸水中的CEA表达水平明显高于血清中表达水平,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者胸水、血清中的NGAL表达水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且胸水中的NGAL表达水平明显高于血清中表达水平,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。ROC曲线显示,胸水、血清中的CEA、NGAL表达水平对鉴别诊断胸腔积液良恶性及患者预后评估具有一定的价值,且联合检测的价值更高。结论 CEA、NGAL在恶性胸腔积液患者胸水中呈高水平表达,联合检测CEA、NGAL可作为恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断及患者预后评估的手段之一。     

恶性胸液中GLUT-1和iNOS的表达及临床意义

目的探讨恶性胸液中葡萄糖转运蛋白-1(GLUT-1)和诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)的表达水平及临床意义。方法检测70例胸腔积液患者(良性积液30例、恶性积液40例)血清和胸液中GLUT-1和iNOS的表达水平,并将检测结果进行对比。结果恶性组胸液中GLUT-1和iNOS水平显著高于良性组水平(P<0.01),血清中GLUT-1和iNOS水平略高于良性组,但无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者胸液中的GLUT-1和iNOS水平均高于同组血清中的水平。结论 GLUT-1和iNOS在恶性胸液中高表达,临床上检测二者的水平可能有助于恶性胸腔积液的诊断。     

联合检测对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨胸腔积液中内皮抑素（ES）、癌胚抗原（CEA）与肿瘤特异性生长因子（TSGF）联合检测对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法收集恶性胸腔积液组40例及良性胸腔积液组38例的胸水标本,采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法检测胸水标本中的ES、CEA、TSGF水平。结果 （1）恶性胸腔积液组胸水ES、CEA、TSGF水平均显著高于良性胸腔积液组,P〈0.01。（2）联合检测恶性胸腔积液ES、CEA、TSGF的敏感度（92.5%）高于单一检测。结论联合检测胸腔积液ES、CEA和TSGF可能有助于良、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断。     

肿瘤标记物基质金属蛋白酶9和内皮抑素鉴别良恶性胸腔积液的临床意义

目的 探讨肺癌恶性胸腔积液中基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和内皮抑素(ES)的水平及其临床意义。方法 采用ELISA方法,检测了176例患者胸腔积液中MMP-9和ES的含量,其中肺癌恶性胸腔积液95例,结核性胸腔积液42例,心衰所致漏出性胸腔积液39例。结果 恶性胸腔积液中MMP-9和ES水平明显高于结核性胸腔积液及漏...     

Tenascin-c和癌胚抗原检测在恶性胸腔积液中的诊断价值

目的探讨肌腱蛋白C(Tenascin C,Tn-C)和癌胚抗原(CEA)联合检测在肺癌所致胸腔积液中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法及电化学发光法分别检测60例肺部良性疾病所致胸腔积液和60例恶性胸腔积液中Tn-C和癌胚抗原(CEA)的表达,分析Tn-C蛋白的表达与临床特征及肺癌诊断的关系。结果恶性组患者胸腔积液中Tn-C的表达水平高于对照组(P0.05),Tn-C在胸水中的表达与患者的性别、吸烟状况、肿瘤大小、病理分期及病理分型无关(P0.05),与淋巴结的转移有关(P0.05);两组患者的Tn-C血清浓度无统计学差异(P0.05)。根据ROC曲线,以Tn-C浓度为41.508ng/ml为最佳诊断临界点,此点所对应的诊断恶性胸腔积液(MPE)敏感性为90%,特异度为46.67%,联合CEA诊断的灵敏度为80%,特异度为98.3%。结论 Tn-C在肺癌所致恶性胸腔积液中的表达水平较高,与CEA联合检测可提高恶性胸腔积液的诊断灵敏度及特异度,故Tn-C可作为肺癌诊断的良好标记物。     

α-烯醇化酶对非小细胞肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者的诊断价值

目的探讨α-烯醇化酶对原发性非小细胞肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者的诊断效果。方法选取我院2013年6月-2017年6月收治的非小细胞肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者68例为恶性胸腔积液组,选取同期住院的良性肺病良性胸腔积液的患者60例为良性胸腔积液组。检测两组患者胸腔积液中α-烯醇化酶表达水平。结果恶性胸腔积液组胸腔积液中α烯醇化酶水平(155.67±23.51)pg/mL显著高于良性胸腔积液组的(97.60±12.45)pg/mL(P0.05)。肺腺癌胸腔积液中α烯醇化酶水平(160.23±20.30)pg/mL显著高于肺鳞癌(129.22±15.45)pg/mL(P0.05)。α烯醇化酶诊断恶性胸腔积液AUC为0.891。选取76.68 pg/mL作为最佳截断值,其诊断灵敏度为97.10%和特异度为88.50%。结论良恶性胸腔积液中α烯醇化酶水平存在显著性差异,α-烯醇化酶可作为一种良恶性胸腔积液的有效诊断指标,同时对肺癌的组织分型具有一定的指导价值。     

妊娠时间与肺结核复发的相关性研究及诊治对策

目的 分析肺结核史患者妊娠时间和肺结核复发间相关性.方法 选取我院收治的有肺结核史的妊娠妇女576例作为研究对象,对其妊娠前肺结核治疗、治愈后妊娠时间、妊娠后复发肺结核等进行分析,总结有肺结核史育龄女性的妊娠时间和肺结核复发之间的关系.结果 肺结核治愈后不同时间段妊娠者的结核复发率比较,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）,停药后间隔时间越久妊娠,肺结核复发的几率越小.结论 加强孕期痰菌检查,及早发现复发肺结核,提高母婴安全.     

我国骨关节结核诊治的回顾与展望

骨关节结核是危害人们健康的严重感染性疾病,近95％由他处结核病继发而来.罹患骨关节结核疾病后几乎均将致残,严重影响人们的健康、工作和生活.建国以来在党和国家的关心和支持下,骨关节结核的诊治水平取得了长足进步.时至今日,由于多种原因,学科发展和被重视程度受到一定的制约,同整个医疗行业的发展不相适应.回顾过去,展望未来,我们需要重新审视骨关节结核的诊治方法,努力推进骨关节结核诊疗技术的科学发展.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44~(MAPK) and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between P42/44~(MAPK) and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Raf/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44~(MAPK), c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fas and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Overweight and Obesity and Progression of ADPKD

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Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses

The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.     

Effects of sex and time of day on metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since knowledge about the species-specific metabolism and excretion of glucocorticoids is essential to develop such a technique, we conducted radiometabolism studies in mice (Mus musculus f. domesticus, strain C57BL/6J). Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 740 kBq of 3H-labelled corticosterone and all voided urine and fecal samples were collected for five days. In a first experiment 16 animals (eight of each sex) received the injection at 9 a.m., while eight mice (four of each sex) were injected at 9 p.m. in a second experiment. In both experiments radioactive metabolites were recovered predominantly in the feces, although males excreted significantly higher proportions via the feces (about 73%) than females (about 53%). Peak radioactivity in the urine was detected within about 2h after injection, while in the feces peak concentrations were observed later (depending on the time of injection: about 10h postinjection in experiment 1 and about 4h postinjection in experiment 2, thus proving an effect of the time of day). The number and relative abundance of fecal [3H]corticosterone metabolites was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC separations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized mainly to more polar substances. Regarding the types of metabolites formed, significant differences were found between males and females, but not between the experiments. Additionally, the immunoreactivity of these metabolites was assessed by screening the HPLC fractions with four enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, only a newly established EIA for 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,11beta,21-triol-20-one (measuring corticosterone metabolites with a 5alpha-3beta,11beta-diol structure) detected several peaks of radioactive metabolites with high intensity in both sexes, while the other EIAs showed only minor immunoreactivity. Thus, our study for the first time provides substantial information about metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice and is the first demonstrating a significant impact of the animals' sex and the time of day. Based on these data it should be possible to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively in this species by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites with the newly developed EIA. Since mice are extensively used in research world-wide, this could open new perspectives in various fields from ecology to behavioral endocrinology.     

荣宝和氯硝柳胺灭螺效果比较及成本分析

目的 评价新型灭螺药物荣宝杀灭钉螺的效果,探讨其推广应用价值.方法 按目前推荐的荣宝灭螺剂量,喷洒法为30 g/m2,浸杀法为50 g/m3;氯硝柳胺喷洒法和浸杀法分别采用2 g/m2和2 g/m3杀螺剂量,分别在室内和现场进行灭螺试验,观察两种药物的灭螺效果并初步分析评估其成本.结果 在现场气温22～30℃条件下,荣宝50 g/m3浸杀3、5、7 d后,螺袋内钉螺校正死亡率均达到100.0%,与氯硝柳胺2 g/m3灭螺效果相似;荣宝30 g/m2剂量喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为54.5%、58.0%、69.0%、79.1%,氯硝柳胺喷洒组钉螺校正死亡率分别为61.0%、69.4%、76.7%、77.9%.在室温18℃条件下,荣宝以30 g/m2喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为72.9%、87.2%、91.5%、76.1%;而相应2 g/m2氯硝柳胺喷洒后的钉螺校正死亡率分别为81.3%、95.7%、97.9%、80.4%.同样完成1000 m2的喷洒灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.114元/m2;完成72 m3的浸杀灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.127元/m3.50 g/m3荣宝浸杀灭螺剂量,对成鱼(＞250 g)的活力不会造成影响,但对鱼类幼苗仍具较强毒性.结论 荣宝与氯硝柳胺灭螺效果相似,由于其成本较高,氯硝柳胺仍然是目前首选灭螺药物,但荣宝的鱼类毒性低,可作为氯硝柳胺之外有益的补充灭螺药物.     

心电图、心电向量图与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析

目的:通过分析心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)和心电向量图(Vectorcardiogram,VCG)的改变与冠脉造影（CAG）结果进行对比,探讨ECG、VCG在冠状动脉病变中的诊断价值。方法: 选择2008年1月~2009年12月临床拟诊断为冠心病患者108例,行常规ECG、VCG检查,并于1周内进行CAG,对检查结果依据各自的诊断标准进行判定,以CAG为标准诊断法,利用四格表法,计算相关评价真实性的指标并进行比较。结果: ①VCG检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确度显著高于ECG(P<0.05,P<0．01)。②ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变支数组间比较:在单支病变、双支病变中,VCG阳性率明显高于ECG(P<0.05),左主干或三支病变无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变、双支病变阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01);VCG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变阳性率高(P<0.05);与双支病变阳性率比较无统计学意义;③ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变程度组间比较:冠脉病变狭窄50%～69%的VCG阳性率明显高于ECG (P<0.05),其他两组阳性率比较无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组冠脉病变狭窄≥90%较50%～69%、70%～89%的阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01); VCG组狭窄≥90%较50%～69%阳性率高（P<0.01),其他无统计学意义。结论: VCG对冠心病检测价值显著高于ECG。     

血清C-反应蛋白和红细胞分布宽度在AECOPD与稳定期的变化及意义

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者急性加重期入院、出院时血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)和红细胞分布宽度(RDW)与正常人的差异。方法分别检测健康老年组(年龄≥65岁)、COPD急性加重期患者入院、出院时CRP和RDW水平,比较组间各指标的差异。结果急性加重期患者入院、出院时CRP和RDW水平均高于健康老年组,入院时CRP水平高于出院时(P0.01),入院、出院时RDW水平无统计学差异。结论 CRP和RDW可一定程度评估COPD病情及反映病情变化。