A case of infected subdural hematoma following chronic subdural hematoma irrigation]

A 71-year-old female complicating Parkinson disease and diabetes mellitus was admitted to our medical center for urinary tract infection one month after burr hole irrigation and drainage of left chronic subdural hematoma. Klebsiella pneumonia was detected in the bacterial culture of her urine. As antibiotic therapy started, her condition and peripheral white blood cell counts were improved. But consciousness level got worsened and right hemiparesis appeared. A CT scan showed re-accumulation of left subdural fluid so an emergent irrigation was performed. The old hematoma with slightly yellowish, bloody purulent fluid was found and an intracapsular drain was inserted. Klebsiella pneumonia was detected from the bacterial culture of the hematoma. After 10 days, a CT scan showed subdural fluid collection again, so, total hematoma capsule removal was performed. After the operation, her neurological and serological condition improved and she was discharged without any neurological deficits. Klebsiella pneumonia existing urinary tracts rarely infected subdural hematoma cavity via hematogenous dissemination. We must keep in mind this complication may occur when we see compromised host like this case. Total removal of infected hematoma capsule is considered as radical treatment.     

慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后硬膜下脓肿形成的治疗

目的慢性硬膜下血肿术后并发硬膜下脓肿极为罕见,治疗方式多为再次置管引流,而选择开颅治疗极少,本文将对其开颅治疗进行讨论。方法回顾报道开颅手术治疗的两例慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后并发硬膜下脓肿的病例。结果两例病人预后均较好,未残留明显的神经系统受损体征。结论硬膜下脓肿术前的影像学评估十分重要,手术方式是选择再次钻孔引流还是开颅手术需依据术前影像学特征来合理选择,静脉应用敏感抗生素一定要足量、全程。     

Intrauterine chronic subdural hematoma

We discuss a newborn delivered by elective cesarean section who had macrocephaly with severe anemia. The anemia was corrected by exchange transfusion, and the infant, at first, appeared stable but manifested poor feeding and seizures. Transillumination of the skull was negative, although the anterior fontanel was tense. Computerized tomography demonstrated mild hydrocephalus and suggested subdural fluid. Bilateral subdural taps yielded fluid typical for chronic subdural hematoma. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of intrauterine subdural hematoma developing in the absence of trauma. An analogy is made to the pathogenesis of subdural hematoma after rapid decompression of the ventricular system by shunting procedures for obstructive hydrocephalus.     

Immediate development of a contralateral acute subdural hematoma following acute subdural hematoma evacuation

Contralateral hematoma formation following acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) evacuation is a well-described complication. The most common type of contralateral hematoma is an epidural hematoma. Rarely, ASDH develops on the contralateral side. We report an elderly woman who presented with a post-traumatic ASDH and underwent ipsilateral hematoma evacuation by craniotomy and subsequently developed a contralateral ASDH. Because of the potential consequences of a delayed ASDH, there should be a low threshold for early post-operative imaging following ASDH evacuation, especially in elderly patients and those with additional associated intracranial injuries.     

Contralateral acute subdural hematoma occurring after removal of calcified chronic subdural hematoma.

Supratentorial craniotomy for a nontraumatic lesion complicated by an acute subdural hematoma on the opposite side is rare. A 47-year-old woman presented with progressive headache and dizziness with no significant past history. Neuroimaging studies revealed a very large calcified chronic subdural hematoma over the entire right hemisphere with prominent mass effect. Despite a near total excision of the hematoma including the inner membranes by a large craniotomy with meticulous dissection, the brain parenchyma remained depressed. The dead space was therefore filled with saline and the operation was completed as usual. Repeat computed tomography scan for signs of left tentorial herniation demonstrated an acute contralateral subdural hematoma with severe shift of midline structures. We propose a prevention strategy for this event, which has not been previously described. We also discuss possible mechanisms involved in this unexpected complication.     

钙化慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗

目的 探讨钙化慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析16例包膜钙化慢性硬膜下血肿的临床资料,并复习文献.结果 16例均行开颅清除血肿,并完整切除包膜,术后症状均缓解,1例巨大血肿患者术后有一过性失语,1月后恢复.结论 开颅手术清除血肿及其包膜是治疗钙化慢性硬膜下血肿的有效方法.     

应用Subdural专用引流管治疗慢性硬膜下血肿

目的比较钻孔闭式引流和Subdural专用引流管穿刺引流在慢性硬膜下血肿(CSDH)中的疗效。方法回顾分析我院收治的88例CSDH患者,46例行钻孔闭式引流(A组),42例行Subdural专用引流管穿刺引流术(B组),比较两组治疗效果。结果A组40例一次钻孔引流成功,6例因继发颅内血肿而改行开颅手术,再手术率13.04%,癫发作3例;B组41例一次性引流成功,1例因继发血肿再次手术,再手术率2.38%,无癫发作。结论Subdural引流术较钻孔冲洗闭式引流术更微创、更安全有效,并发症少,宜作为治疗CSDH的首选方法。     

Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking chronic subdural hematoma

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), otherwise known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is an uncommon, benign systemic histio-proliferative disease characterised by massive lymphadenopathy particularly in the head and neck region, and is often associated with extra-nodal involvement. We report a case in which RDD was mistaken for a chronic subdural hematoma and surgery was attempted.     

37例慢性硬膜下血肿的临床诊疗体会

目的研究慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗及预后。方法对我院2009-10～2011-07 37例慢性硬膜下血肿行单孔钻孔引流术,对手术病人及病历进行回顾性分析。结果 37例病例中,36例痊愈出院。3例遗留少量硬膜下积液,5例颅内积气,均未特殊处理,门诊随访6～11个月后自愈。4例因血肿包膜机化严重,术后效果不佳二次开瓣手术,1例术后并发重症肺炎转入ICU后死亡。结论慢性硬膜下血肿虽然手术打击不重,但因病人年龄问题易出现并发症,应注意术前综合评估及术后护理。     

Postoperative intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhages following removal of a chronic subdural hematoma

We report a patient with multiple intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhages after removal of bilateral chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH). Possible mechanisms include a sudden increase in cerebral blood flow within fragile cerebral vessels following decompression of CSDH, defective vascular autoregulation, and damage to the cerebral vascular tree. Clinical awareness of this complication and slow decompression of CSDH are stressed.     

机化型慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗探讨

目的探讨机化型慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗方法。方法对5例机化型慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床资料及手术治疗进行回顾性分析。结果 5例患者行大骨瓣开颅血肿清除术,1例脏层包膜全切除者植物生存,其余4例(2例脏层包膜放射状切开,另2例脏层包膜部分切除)均恢复良好。结论该术式是治疗机化型慢性硬膜下血肿的有效方法,可降低手术风险,减少并发症。     

Complications of the chronic subdural hematoma.

Eighty three chronic subdural hematomas, obtained by surgery or by necropsy, were examinated. The patient age distribution curve of the non-complicated operative cases showed the highest incidence in the first year of life and also a moderate increase in the elderly group. Recurrent hemorrhage in the walls and in the cavity, was observed in twenty of the seventy three non-complicated cases of chronic subdural hematoma. In five cases the membranes and the subdural sac were invaded by leucemic cells and in the five remaining ones the hematoma was transformed in a subdural empyema. All these complicated subdural hematomas showed evidence of recurrent bleeding, suggesting that the leucemic cells or the infectious agent had spread to the subdural space by this way.     

慢性硬膜下血肿扩大的研究进展

慢性硬膜下血肿（chronic subdural hematoma,CSDH）是神经外科的一种常见病,近几年发病率呈现上升趋势,好发于小儿和老年人。虽经多年临床实验研究,但对其发病机制迄今仍未完全阐释清楚。在解释CSDH不断扩大原因的学说中,血肿外膜血管形成、出血理论正被普遍接受。     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗体会

目的探讨微创穿刺外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效及手术技巧。方法回顾分析自2011年9月至2013年7月共采用微创穿刺外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿12例,并对出院患者进行随访,总结治疗效果。结果 12例患者出院前7例血肿腔消失,5例存在少量硬膜下积液。结论双侧同时微创穿刺交替冲洗外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿,可以有效减轻术中、术后并发症,安全有效,值得推广。