利用细胞-指数式富集的配体系统进化技术筛选肿瘤细胞DNA适配子

目的建立一种通用的细胞-指数式富集的配体系统进化（Cell—SELEX）技术平台,用于筛选特异性结合于肿瘤细胞的DNA适配子。方法采用PCR法建立随机双链DNA（dsDNA）寡核苷酸文库,用卵白素包被的琼脂糖珠从dsDNA库分离单链DNA（ssDNA）文库;以体外培养的肿瘤细胞作为正筛选的靶标,以相同组织来源的正常对照细胞作为负筛选的靶标,消减法进行Cell—SELEX筛选和PCR扩增以获取DNA适配子;流式细胞仪监测适配子的富集效率（亲和力）;采用常规分子生物学技术进行适西亡子的克隆、测序和序列分析。结果成功建立了ssDNA库,经过12轮Cell—SELEX筛选,获得了特异性结合于肿熘细胞的DNA适配子;挑选120个阳性克隆送测序,鉴定出21个适配子,采用NCBI网站提供的B]astn程序进行精确比对末发脱相似序列。结论本实验建立的技术平台可在较短时间内获取特异性结合于特定肿瘤细胞的DNA适配子。     

SELEX技术筛选特异性结合高转移性肺癌细胞Anip973的单链DNA适配子

目的:筛选获得一种高亲和力的能特异性结合高转移性肺癌细胞Anip973的单链DNA适配子.方法:体外合成全长88 nt的单链DNA文库,通过反复的SELEX筛选获得特异性结合Anip973细胞的单链DNA适配子,并通过生物素-辣根过氧化物酶-链霉亲和素系统初步测定筛选的适配子与细胞的亲和力,将结合力最高的适配子库进一步...     

丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白NS2核酸适配子的筛选

目的获得与丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白NS2特异结合的高亲和力的DNA适配子。方法应用配基指数富集的系统进化(SELEX)技术进行HCV-NS2蛋白适配子筛选,将筛选得到的适配子克隆测序,应用DNAMAN软件对适配子一级结构和二级结构进行比对分析。结果重复筛选7轮后,适配子亲和力和特异性都达到最高,克隆测序得到4个适配子序列,命名为A1、A2、A3、A4,其随机序列部分分别为A1:GTGCGTCCCATGCTGCTGACTTAAATGGGTGGAGGGCAG,A2:CGTGAAATTGTTGACCACTCATGGAATCTGATCTCGTTT,A3:GAAAGGGGATAATCACTTAGGCCTCTCGAATAGTTTATC,A4:AGAAAGTTGAGAACTGCTGTTATTTTGTTAACGTACATG。经软件分析,适配子之间没有共同保守序列和同源序列,适配子的二级空间结构以茎环和口袋结构为主。结论获得了能与HCVNS2蛋白高亲和力和特异性结合的DNA适配子。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞特异性核酸适配子的筛选和鉴定

目的 利用指数富集的配体系统进化技术(SELEX)筛选与大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)特异性结合的核酸适配子,并对核酸适配子与大鼠BMSCs的结合方式及能力进行鉴定.方法 利用SELEX技术,以分离获取的大鼠BMSCs为靶点,从构建的核酸文库中最大程度富集与BMSCs特异性结合的核酸序列,流式细胞术检测文库富集的特...     

SELEX筛选LPS寡核苷酸适配子方法的建立

目的 建立SELEX筛选LPS的适配子方法,为后续大规模筛选奠定基础.方法 在成功构建含40个随机序列的单链DNA(ssDNA)文库的基础上,优化了扩增为双链DNA(dsDNA)文库的PCR反应条件;同时对液相筛选与固液相筛选两种方法进行比较,确定最优的筛选方法并进行4轮筛选.结果 确定了扩增为双链DNA(dsDNA)文库的PCR反应的最佳条件,采用液相筛选方法经过4轮筛选,随机单链DNA(ssDNA)文库与内毒素(LPS)的结合率明显上升,CPM值与初始库相比差异有统计学意义.结论 建立了SELEX筛选LPS寡核苷酸适配子的筛选方法.     

核酸适配子及其筛选进展

随着对单链DNA/RNA的不断研究,人们发现这些单链的寡核苷酸序列具有特殊的三维结构,能高亲和力和高特异性地结合各类靶标.根据单链DNA/RNA的这一性质.人们应用指数富集配体的系统进化技术在体外进行数轮筛选和扩增到特异性高、亲和性强的寡核苷酸序列,即核酸适配子,也称为适配子.基于适配子的化学结构和特点.稳定性的不断提高和筛选的方法不断改进,适配子被广泛运用于早期临床诊断和治疗等生物医学研究领域,并不断取得进展.本文就适配子技术及其筛选进展作一综述.     

鼻咽癌核酸适配子的筛选及鉴定

目的利用指数富集的配套系统进化技术(SELEX)筛选人类疱疹病毒(EB病毒)阳性鼻咽癌细胞核酸适配子。方法体外合成长度为78个核苷酸的随机DNA文库,通过SELEX技术,以正常鼻咽上皮细胞为靶标进行消减筛选,以EB病毒阳性低分化鼻咽癌细胞为靶标进行10轮的筛选,克隆、测序,并对适配子进行鉴定。结果流式细胞仪检测亚文库与靶细胞的结合能力随着筛选轮数的增加荧光强度增强。聚类分析显示,适配子可以分为3个家族,1、2家族具有保守序列。结论初步建立EB病毒阳性鼻咽癌细胞适配子库,筛选到具有亲和力和特异性的核酸适配子。     

以大肠埃希菌tolC蛋白为靶标的适配体的筛选及结构分析

目的:筛选大肠埃希菌外排泵tolC蛋白的核酸适配体.方法:重组表达大肠埃希菌外排泵外膜蛋白tolC,利用指数富集的配体系统进化技术(stematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment,SELEX)从单链DNA文库中筛选出一组能够特异性与其结合的核酸适配体.利用FITC荧光素标记技术检测每轮单链DNA文库与靶蛋白的亲和力,直至亲和力的上升趋于饱和,将最后一轮筛选产物克隆测序,并用DNAman软件分析其二级结构.结果:经过12轮筛选,单链DNA文库与靶标蛋白的亲和力趋向稳定,将第12轮筛选产物克隆测序,对获得的23个适配体进行分析.一级结构分析显示23个适配体并无共同的保守序列,但分别有3对和2对适配体序列完全一致.二级结构预测分析表明,茎环结构为适配体主要的结构形式,提示其可能是适配体与tolC蛋白蛋白特异性结合的基础.根据二级结构特点可将23个适配体分为4个家族,其中20号适配体与靶标蛋白亲和力最高.结论:成功利用SELEX技术筛选获得了特异结合tolC的高亲和力的核酸适配体,为大肠埃希菌耐药干预及机制研究奠定了基础.     

癌胚抗原特异性寡核苷酸适配子的体外筛选及其意义

目的:通过体外筛选获得癌胚抗原(CEA)特异性适配子,为高表达CEA肿瘤的靶向奠定基础。方法:构建长度为81 bp的随机ssDNA文库,体外筛选、富集CEA特异性适配子,通过配体介导的靶蛋白纯化实验检测经筛选的适配子与纯化蛋白结合;提取LS174T细胞总蛋白,免疫共沉淀检测经筛选的适配子与细胞总蛋白的结合。结果:经体外7轮筛选富集及筛选条件的优化,配体介导的靶标分离实验证实了筛选出的适配子与纯化CEA蛋白的结合;免疫沉淀及Westem blot证实了其识别并特异性结合天然状态的CEA。结论:经过体外7轮筛选,证实了所获得的CEA适配子可特异性地与纯化CEA和天然状态的CEA蛋白结合,为后续高表达的CEA肿瘤的靶向诊断和治疗奠定了初步的实验基础。     

重组 PBP2a 转肽酶区蛋白核酸适配体的筛选及鉴定

目的：筛选和鉴定重组青霉素结合蛋白2a（PBP2a）转肽酶区蛋白的核酸适配体。方法利用指数富集的配体系统进化技术（SELEX）,以重组 PBP2a 转肽酶区蛋白为靶标,从单链 DNA 文库中筛选能与之特异性结合的核酸适配体。筛选产物克隆测序后,对其进行结构分析和特性鉴定。结果经过11轮筛选,单链 DNA 文库与靶标蛋白的亲和力趋向稳定,将第8、10轮筛选产物克隆测序,对获得的40个适配体进行分析,一级结构分析显示40个适配体并无共同的保守序列,二级结构预测分析表明,其可分为3个家族。其中13号适配体与重组 PBP2a 蛋白亲和力最高,并能与之特异性结合。结论利用 SELEX 技术成功筛选出特异性结合重组 PBP2a 转肽酶区蛋白的核酸适配体,为探索耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的诊疗新途径奠定基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.