醒脑静注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效及对炎性因子的影响

目的探讨醒脑静注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效及对炎性因子的影响。方法选择急性缺血性脑卒中患者80例,随机分为观察组与对照组各40例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用醒脑静注射液治疗,对比2组患者治疗前后的有效率、神经功能缺损情况、日常生活能力改善情况、对炎性因子的影响。结果 2组患者神经功能评分与日常生活能力评分治疗后均显著优于治疗前(P0.05),且治疗后观察组显著优于对照组(P0.05);观察组总有效率95.0%,显著高于对照组的72.5%(P0.05),治疗后2组患者CRP、IL-6、TNF-α比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性缺血性脑卒中患者常规治疗基础上加用醒脑静注射液治疗,疗效显著,对改善患者神经功能具有积极作用,可显著抑制炎症反应。     

醒脑静治疗急性缺血性脑卒中疗效观察

目的 观察醒脑静注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效.方法 选择急性缺血性脑卒中患者共80例,随机分为2组,醒脑静治疗组40例;胞二磷胆碱、维脑路通注射液对照组60例.疗程均为14d.结果 治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 醒脑静注射液治疗急性脑梗死疗效好.     

醒脑静治疗重症脑梗死疗效观察

目的探讨醒脑静注射液对重症脑梗死的治疗效果。方法对照组常规治疗(脱水、神经保护、抗血小板、抗凝及其他对症处理),治疗组应用常规治疗加醒脑静注射液。结果治疗组基本痊愈10例,显著进步4例,进步3例,总有效率81%;对照组基本痊愈5例,显著进步6例,进步3例,总有效率66.7%。结论醒脑静注射液治疗重症脑梗死疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

针灸结合Bobath疗法综合治疗脑卒中后功能障碍的疗效评价

目的探讨针灸与Bobath疗法相结合的早期康复综合治疗方法对脑卒中后功能障碍者的恢复作用.方法将60例脑卒中后偏瘫病人随机分为早期康复综合组与对照组各30例.对照组采用常规药物治疗,早期康复综合组在常规药物治疗的同时接受早期康复综合疗法.两组病人分别在入院、出院时进行病类诊断积分及Barthel指数总分的评定并进行比较.结果病类诊断积分恢复程度和Barthel指数总分恢复程度,均表明早期康复综合组脑卒中患者的恢复较药物组更好(P＜0.01).结论针灸与Bobath疗法相结合的早期康复综合治疗方法对脑卒中患者的功能恢复有确切疗效.     

醒脑静注射液治疗急性重症脑血管病临床观察

目的观察醒脑静注射液治疗急性重症脑血管病的临床疗效。方法将2010-02-2011-02收治的74例急性重症脑血管病患者随机分为2组,对照组的37例采取常规药物治疗,观察组37例在常规治疗基础上采用醒脑静注射液,观察2组的治疗效果和并发症情况。结果通过2组的治疗效果对比分析,观察组总有效率91.9%,对照组总有效率70.3%,总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组的并发症发生情况分析,观察组并发症低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液治疗急性重症脑血管病具有较好的临床效果,而且能够有效的改善患者神经功能,降低并发症,值得临床推广应用。     

醒脑静注射液辅助治疗小儿热性惊厥98例疗效观察

目的探讨醒脑静注射液辅助治疗小儿热性惊厥的临床效果。方法 98例热性惊厥患儿随机分为2组,治疗组49例在常规抗菌、抗病毒治疗基础上联合醒脑静注射液0.5mL/(kg.d)静脉注射,对照组给予常规抗菌、抗病毒治疗,观察分析2组体温正常时间及住院时间并进行疗效判定。结果治疗组在体温正常时间、住院时间及总有效率等方面均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液辅助治疗小儿热性惊厥疗效显著。     

醒脑静注射液治疗脑卒中伴意识障碍的疗效及安全性

目的探讨醒脑静注射液治疗脑卒中伴意识障碍的临床疗效及安全性,总结经验以提高临床治疗水平及保证用药安全性。方法将2013-10—2015-04我科收治120例脑卒中伴意识障碍患者随机分成对照组和观察组,各60例,其中对照组给予神经内科常规综合治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予醒脑静注射液治疗,记录相关临床资料并作回顾性分析。结果治疗7d后治疗组的GCS评分大于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗14d后治疗组的GCS评分大于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的总有效率大于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);2组间不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液治疗脑卒中伴意识障碍能够有效提高患者的GCS评分,显著改善意识障碍状况,且用药安全。     

醒脑静联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗肝性脑病疗效观察

目的观察醒脑静注射液联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗肝性脑病患者的临床疗效。方法将52例肝性脑病患者随机分为治疗组26例和对照组26例。治疗组在常规综合治疗的基础上将醒脑静注射液20~30 mL加入5%葡萄糖液250 mL静滴,1次/d和门冬氨酸鸟氨酸10~20 g加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL中静滴,1次/d。对照组在常规综合治疗的基础上加用对照组应用谷氨酸钠注射液23 g加入5%葡萄糖液250 mL静滴,1次/d;乳果糖10 mL口服或经胃管注入,3次/d;治疗5d后观察2组患者的临床表现、血氨和肝功能指标,评价临床疗效。结果醒脑静注射液联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗肝性脑病疗效显著优于对照组,治疗后静脉血氨浓度下降明显,2组有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗肝性脑病疗效确切,有一定的临床推广价值。     

醒脑静注射液联用依达拉奉注射液治疗急性脑出血疗效分析

目的分析醒脑静注射液联用依达拉奉注射液治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效和药物安全性。方法按入院顺序将2010-08—2012-08收治的99例急性脑出血患者进行编号,单号50例为对照组,静滴醒脑静注射液治疗,双号49例为观察组,静滴依达拉奉注射液治疗,观察2组患者的治疗效果和药物安全性。结果观察组总有效率91.84%,明显优于对照组76.00%(P<0.05);观察组治疗后平均NIHSS评分(3.5±0.7)明显低于对照组(5.3±0.8)(P<0.01);组间药物安全性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液联用依达拉奉注射液治疗急性脑出血患者疗效确切,能够有效清除自由基和促进神经细胞功能修复,安全可靠,值得临床继续研究和探讨。     

醒脑静联合依达拉奉治疗重症脑出血临床分析

目的分析醒脑静注射液与依达拉奉联合应用治疗重症脑出血的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2008-05—2010-03收治的144例重症脑出血患者,随机分为观察组82例及对照组62例,2组均给予西医常规疗法,对照组加用依达拉奉,观察组加用醒脑静注射液与依达拉奉。比较2组临床总体疗效、神经功能缺损修复及GCS评分情况。结果观察组总有效率87.8%,死亡1例,治疗组总有效率66.1%,死亡1例。2组总体疗效比较,P〈0.05。对照组治疗后与治疗前比较,有效改善神经功能缺损（P〈0.05）,对GCS评分无影响（P〉0.05）。与对照组比较,观察组患者有效改善神经功能缺损及GCS评分（P〈0.05）。结论依达拉奉联合醒脑静治疗重症脑出血能提高临床总有效率,有效改善神经功能缺损及GCS评分,值得临床推广。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.