CT诊断晚发性维生素K缺乏症并颅内出血的研究

目的：探讨晚发性维生素K缺乏症所致颅内出血的CT表现及临床研究，旨在提高对本病的早期诊断，早期治疗，降低死亡率和致残率。方法：对58例临床可疑晚发性维生素K缺乏症并颅内出血的患者行CT检查，对二者进行分析讨论。结果：硬膜下血肿36例，合并蛛网膜下腔出血17例，脑实质内出血8例，脑室内出血5例。脑实质内出血25例，合并蛛网膜下腔出血10例，硬膜下出血8例，脑室内出血5例，硬膜外血肿3例。蛛网膜下腔出血14例。脑室内出血9例。结论：头颅CT检查是诊断本病的首选方法，既可确定出血部位及程度，同时也是对临床疗效观察和预后判断的可靠依据。     

婴儿晚发性维生素K缺乏并颅内出血的CT诊断（附23例分析）

目的：探讨晚发性维生素K（Vitk)缺乏症并颅内出血的发病机制及CT表现，提高CT检查对本病价值的认识。方法：分析了23例临床资料完整。确诊晚发性VitK缺乏症并颅内出血的临床CT表现。结果：蛛网膜下腔出血16例，硬膜下出血14例，脑内出血11例，脑室内出血4例。结论：CT是VitK缺乏症并颅内出血的首选检查方法，对临床制定综合治疗计划，估计预后提供可靠依据。     

螺旋CT诊断迟发性维生素K缺乏症颅内出血的价值

目的:探讨迟发性维生素K缺乏症颅内出血的螺旋CT表现.材料和方法:回顾性分析两个医院2002-07 ～2005-09临床资料比较完整的迟发性维生素K缺乏症颅内出血12例的螺旋CT表现.结果:12例迟发性维生素K缺乏症颅内出血中,蛛网膜下腔出血2例、脑实质出血3例、硬膜下出血4例、脑室内出血2例和混合性出血1例.结论:螺旋CT能准确诊断维生素K缺乏症颅内出血,并能检查出极少量出血灶,确定出血的部位、出血量、范围、周围情况以及是否并发有脑梗塞等.     

22例晚发性维生素K缺乏致颅内出血临床及CT分析

目的:分析晚发性维生素K缺乏致颅内出血的临床及CT表现。材料和方法:晚发性维生素K缺乏致颅内出血症22例,其中男15例,女7例;年龄15天～6个月;纯母乳喂养20例,混合喂养2例。结果:经头颅CT检查全部病例均显示异常。出血部位在蛛网膜下腔者16例,硬膜下13例,脑室出血10例,脑实质出血8例。伴缺血缺氧性脑病5例,脑实质扩大10例,中线移位8例。结论:头颅CT检查可做到早期安全诊断,明确出血部位及范围,为治疗和预后判断提供可靠的依据。     

婴儿期迟发性维生素K缺乏致颅内出血的CT表现

目的探讨婴儿期迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血的CT影像特点。方法选择临床确诊为迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血的23例患儿的头颅CT资料进行回顾性分析。结果蛛网膜下腔出血8例,脑实质出血10例,硬膜下出血5例,脑室内出血3例,其中60%为多部位出血,脑梗死1例。结论结合临床特点,CT检查不仅可以明确具体的出血部位,还可以辅助作出出血的病因诊断。     

婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的脑CT临床研究

目的：研究婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症患儿颅内CT形态学改变的特点。材料和方法：对50例婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的患儿进行了头部CT检查，男33例，女17例，年龄27天-3月，并对其结果进行了分析。结果：48例颅脑CT异常，表现为（1）脑实质血肿28例，蛛网膜下腔出血45例，硬膜下出血38例，脑室内血肿3例。（2）弥漫性脑水肿、梗塞，单侧31例，双侧8例。（3）一侧脑室受压闭塞，对侧脑室扩张积水35例。（4）大脑镰下疝38例，小脑幕下疝28例。（5）复查28例存活患儿脑软化15例，脑积水13例，脑萎缩20例，颅板发育不良18例，正常6例。结论：CT对婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的早期诊断及预后判定具有肯定价值。     

婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的脑CT临床研究

目的：研究婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症患儿颅内CT形态学改变的特点。材料和方法：对50例婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的患儿进行了头部CT检查，男33例，女17例，年龄27天-3月，并对其结果进行了分析。结果：48例颅脑CT异常，表现为(1)脑实质血肿28例，蛛网膜下腔出血45例，硬膜下出血38例，脑室内血肿3例。(2)弥漫性脑水肿、梗塞，单侧31例，双侧8例。(3)一侧脑室受压闭塞，对侧脑室扩张积水35例。(4)大脑镰下疝38例，小脑幕下疝28例。(5)复查28例存活患儿脑软化15例，脑积水13例，脑萎缩20例，颅板发育不良18例，正常6例。结论：CT对婴儿晚发性维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的早期诊断及预后判定具有肯定价值。     

晚发维生素K依赖因子缺乏症的急诊诊断与治疗

近对年来，各地陆续推行婴儿生后常现注射维生素K，使维生素K依赖因子缺乏症已很少发生。但在一些边远乡村，因未推行使用常现注射维生素K，时常有晚发维生素K依赖因子缺乏症。不久前，在临床工作中连续遇到4例，均表现为急性颅内出血.1临床资料与治疗方法1．1一般资料4例患儿均为男婴，年龄在33－80天之间。主要症状：突然起病、反复抽搐、异常哭闹、面色苍白、前国饱满、张力增高、母乳喂养及没有外伤史和家族性出血性病史4例，有瞳孔改变3例，占位体征2例。头颅CT示：硬膜下血肿、蛛网膜下胜出血4冽，脑实质出血2例，中线移位3例。血…     

婴儿晚发性维生素K缺乏致颅内出血的CT诊断

目的：分析婴儿晚发性维生素Ｋ缺乏致颅内出血的ＣＴ表现和诊断价值。材料和方法：对经临床确诊的２５例婴儿晚发性维生素Ｋ缺乏致颅内出血的ＣＴ资料进行回顾性分析，着重观察出血部位特征。全部病例均为平扫。结果：颅内出血的ＣＴ表现为：１多部位混合性出血：蛛网膜下腔出血（２３／２５），硬膜下出血（１７／２５），脑实质出血（１２／２５）。２伴发脑水肿（１９／２５），脑疝（１２／２５）和对侧侧脑室扩大（４／２５）。结论：婴儿晚发性维生素Ｋ缺乏致颅内出血的ＣＴ表现有一定特征性，ＣＴ能起到定位定性的作用。     

婴儿晚发性维生素 K 缺乏症致颅内出血32例 CT 表现

婴儿晚发性维生素K缺乏症是近年来临床关注的小儿出血性疾病 ,其引起颅内出血时病死率、后遗症发生率很高 ,故关键在于早诊断、早治疗。 1992～ 1999年 ,我院收治 32例 ,现将其CT和临床表现与预后进行分析。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　男 18例 ,女 14例 ;年龄 2 8天～ 3个月。母乳喂养 2 0例 ,混合喂养、人工喂养各 6例。1 2　临床表现　昏迷、抽搐 2 3例 ,注射部位出血不止 4例 ,消化道出血 5例。并腹泻 18例 ,感染 6例 ,维生素D缺乏手足搐搦症 7例 ,眼球出血 1例。有喷射性呕吐 6例 ,囟门饱满、紧张、颅缝分离 5例 ,一侧瞳孔散大 6～ …     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）