小腿组织瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗足踝部骨髓炎的疗效分析

目的观察小腿组织瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗足踝部骨髓炎的疗效。方法回顾性研究2018年10月至2021年10月期间宝鸡第三医院手显微外科应用小腿组织瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨(或混合髂骨植骨)治疗的11例足踝部骨髓炎患者资料。男8例, 女3例;年龄(42.3±23.7)岁。对慢性低毒性骨髓炎, 彻底扩创后应用小腿组织瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨一期填塞空腔、覆盖创面, 修复重建。对感染急性期创面, 先局部换药、引流或扩创后负压封闭吸引, 全身抗感染治疗;待急性感染控制并稳定后再彻底扩创、应用小腿组织瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨填塞空腔、覆盖创面, 修复重建。组织瓣切取面积为3.5 cm×2.0 cm～12.0 cm×6.0 cm。应用腓动脉穿支蒂皮瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗4例, 腓动脉穿支蒂腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗3例, 胫后动脉穿支蒂皮瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗3例, 腓骨长肌肌瓣联合载抗生素硫酸钙人工骨治疗1例。术后观察皮瓣的成活情况、骨愈合时间、踝关节功能及并发症发生情况, 末次随访时感染控制情况[包括局部红肿疼痛、有无破溃、渗出等临床表现, 血...     

清创一期植骨及腓肠神经皮瓣治疗跟骨慢性骨髓炎伴软组织缺损

【摘要】 目的 探讨清创、一期植骨联合腓肠神经皮瓣移植治疗跟骨慢性骨髓炎伴软组织缺损的疗效。方法 2008年11月~2011年11月,对 12例合并软组织缺损的跟骨慢性骨髓炎患者采用清创、一期植骨联合腓肠神经皮瓣移植修复创面,观察术后皮瓣成活、骨髓炎治愈及踝关节功能情况。结果 术后随访9~24个月,平均 17个月。9例皮瓣Ⅰ期愈合,3例窦道形成或边缘坏死经处理后愈合;随访期间无骨髓炎复发;根据美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS ) 踝后足功能评分术后(89.4±7.8)较术前(42.8±15.3)明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 跟骨慢性髓炎合并软组织缺损通过彻底清创、一期植骨及腓肠神皮瓣移植取得良好的效果,该方法具有疗效确切、疗程短、简单易行等特点。     

跟骨骨髓炎的特点与治疗

目的 探讨总结跟骨骨髓炎的临床特点及治疗方案. 方法 自2005年6月到2010年12月收治跟骨骨髓炎患者43例,根据不同类型及部位跟骨骨髓炎的特点,确定内固定的处理方式,病灶清除后残留创腔用载抗生素人工骨植骨或肌瓣填塞,软组织缺损根据部位及大小选用不同皮瓣覆盖. 结果 所有病例均获随访,软组织缺损皮瓣一期修复,均成活,骨髓炎一期治愈,无复发.骨折愈合时间最短4个月,最长7个月,平均5.3个月. 结论 跟骨骨髓炎病情复杂而独特,根据不同骨髓炎的特点,采用个性化治疗方案,均能达到有效治愈之目的.     

合并软组织缺损的复杂创伤性骨髓炎的一期治疗

目的 探讨组织瓣结合载抗生素人工骨植骨一期治疗合并软组织缺损的复杂创伤性骨髓炎的疗效.方法 施行组织瓣移植或转位修复软组织缺损,同时予载抗生素人工骨植骨,一期治疗骨髓炎以及软组织缺损共41例.2例骨髓炎术后复发,再次植入载抗生素人工骨后治愈,1例发生骨不连再次自体髂骨植骨后治愈.结果 随访4个月～2年,骨折愈合时间为3～9个月,平均5.3个月,创面平均愈合时间3.7周,软组织缺损均一期修复,骨髓炎最终均获治愈.结论 彻底清创,以组织瓣修复软组织缺损,同时植入载抗生素人工骨,一期治疗伴有软组织缺损的复杂性创伤性骨髓炎的方法是可行而且有效的.     

足背动脉岛状皮瓣联合载万古霉素硫酸钙治疗胫骨远端创伤性骨髓炎伴软组织缺损

目的总结采用逆行足背动脉岛状皮瓣联合载万古霉素硫酸钙植骨治疗合并软组织缺损的胫骨远端创伤性骨髓炎的疗效。方法 2014年3月—2016年4月采用一期彻底清创,足背动脉岛状皮瓣结合载万古霉素硫酸钙植骨治疗胫骨远端创伤性骨髓炎11例。男10例,女1例;年龄43~72岁,平均51.6岁。均为骨折内固定术后所致慢性骨髓炎,病程4周~5个月。骨折原因:交通事故伤5例,高处坠落伤3例,机械绞伤2例,扭伤1例。皮肤软组织缺损范围3 cm×3 cm~13 cm×9 cm;创面细菌培养均为阳性。结果术后2~3周患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,供受区均未发生感染。11例均获随访,随访时间6个月~2.5年,平均15.5个月。术后骨折均愈合,愈合时间3~9个月,平均4.6个月。末次随访时足部功能采用美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)评分,获优9例,良2例;皮瓣感觉S4 8例,S3 2例,S2 1例。所有患者骨髓炎均治愈;1例胫腓骨中下段骨髓炎术后出现骨缺损,大小约4 cm×3 cm,再次手术植入自体髂骨后骨愈合。结论足背动脉岛状皮瓣移植联合万古霉素硫酸钙人工骨植骨治疗伴软组织缺损的胫骨远端创伤性骨髓炎,手术简便有效,是一种较理想的方法。     

应用穿支皮瓣治疗下肢远端慢性骨髓炎并皮肤缺损

目的 探讨游离或带蒂穿支皮瓣在治疗下肢远端慢性骨髓炎并皮肤缺损创面修复中的应用价值.方法 应用穿支皮瓣游离或带蒂移位修复胫前及足踝部慢性骨髓炎并皮肤缺损28例.游离移植13例:采用股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复胫前2例,踝前3例,足背2例,足跟2例;小腿外侧腓动脉穿支皮瓣修复足背4例.带蒂移位15例:胫后动脉穿支皮瓣修复胫前4例,修复内踝2例;腓动脉外踝后上穿支皮瓣修复足跟6例,外踝及足背各1例;第1跖背动脉穿支皮瓣修复近节(足母)趾背侧1例.抗生素液灌流伤口7例,万古霉素明胶海绵残腔填塞8例.结果 1例胫后动脉穿支皮瓣出现静脉回流不足,表浅坏死,自行愈合,其余皮瓣无坏死.随访6个月～2年,2例复发,分别经1次和2次手术后愈合,其余均一期愈合,皮瓣外形满意.3例行二期骨移植.最后一次随访时,患者可行走,患肢完全负重,按足部疾患治疗效果标准评定平均为84.5分.结论 游离或带蒂穿支皮瓣血供良好,可用于治疗残腔不大的慢性骨髓炎并皮肤缺损.     

万古霉素骨水泥联合螺旋桨皮瓣在修复感染性跟骨外露创面中的应用

[目的]探讨万古霉素骨水泥联合螺旋桨皮瓣在修复感染性跟骨外露创面及预防跟骨骨髓炎中的临床应用价值。[方法]2012年1月~2015年3月,应用万古霉素骨水泥联合胫后动脉穿支或腓动脉穿支螺旋桨皮瓣修复感染并跟骨骨折骨外露创面13例。其中10例伤口分泌物细菌培养为阳性,创面缺损范围5.0 cm×3.5 cm~8.5cm×7.0 cm。术前用手持普勒超声进行穿支点定位并完成螺旋桨皮瓣设计。术中对创面进行彻底清创,清除游离及坏死的骨质;按术前设计切取皮瓣,皮瓣旋转修复创面;在皮瓣下方跟骨缺损或感染严重的区域放置万古霉素骨水泥条1~2根,术后1个月拔出。皮瓣切取范围14.5 cm×4.0 cm~27.0 cm×7.5 cm,8例供区直接缝合,5例供区植皮修复。其中3例因跟骨缺损较多,术后二期行取髂骨植骨术。[结果]术中顺利完成皮瓣切取及创面修复,术后皮瓣均顺利成活,创面及供区切口Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间12~23个月,平均17个月。随访中均未发现创面处感染复发及窦道形成,X线片未见骨髓炎病灶形成。所有皮瓣外形良好。末次随访时根据美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)评分评价足部功能,足部功能总优良率为76.9%。[结论]万古霉素骨水泥联合螺旋桨皮瓣是修复感染性跟骨外露创面及防治跟骨骨髓炎的有效方法。     

Ilizarov技术联合载抗生素人工骨Ⅰ期治疗管状骨骨髓炎

目的探讨Ilizarov技术联合载抗生素人工骨Ⅰ期治疗管状骨骨髓炎的临床疗效。方法自2011年3月至2015年12月治疗本院的慢性管状骨骨髓炎患者12例,男7例,女5例,均Ⅰ期行病灶清除、载抗生素人工骨植入、Ilizarov环形外固定架固定、干骺端微创截骨、创面修复。术后1周左右开始骨搬移。结果 12例患者均获得6~24个月随访,平均17.5个月,均获得稳定骨愈合及良好的皮肤软组织愈合。骨外固定时间6~13个月,平均7.35个月。人工骨在影像学上的吸收时间1~3月,平均2.1月。结论 Ilizarov技术联合载抗生素人工骨Ⅰ期治疗管状骨骨髓炎具有良好疗效,值得临床推广。     

慢性骨髓炎的分期治疗策略

背景：慢性骨髓炎是骨科临床的疑难杂症之一,本文旨在探讨一种目前比较合理的治疗方式。目的：探讨运用灌洗负压引流和可吸收人工骨或者骨水泥混合抗生素分期治疗慢性骨髓炎的临床效果。方法：2008年3月至2012年3月采用一期清创灌洗负压引流,二期可吸收人工骨或者骨水泥混合抗生素植入治疗27例慢性骨髓炎患者,男21例,女6例;年龄20~77岁,平均38岁;骨髓炎发生部位：胫腓骨17例,股骨7例,跟骨3例。结果：27例患者均得到随访,随访时间6~51个月（平均27个月）,25例痊愈,2例复发。结论：一期清创、灌洗负压引流,二期可吸收人工骨或者骨水泥混合抗生素治疗慢性骨髓炎可以取得良好的临床疗效。     

抗生素骨水泥填塞治疗慢性跟骨骨髓炎

目的总结抗生素骨水泥填塞治疗慢性跟骨骨髓炎的疗效。方法 6例慢性跟骨骨髓炎采用彻底清创、抗生素骨水泥填塞空腔、直接缝合或皮瓣修复创面的方法进行治疗。结果 5例骨髓炎均一期治愈。1例发生轻度伤口感染,经二次清创治愈。6例获随访1-2年,无骨髓炎复发者。结论抗生素骨水泥填塞治疗慢性跟骨骨髓炎疗效确切、方法简便。     

Management of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis with pull-through abductor hallucis muscle flap -a report of three cases

Three patients who had chronic osteomyelitis of the calcaneus were treated with radical debridement of all involved soft tissue and bone and obliteration of dead space with a pull-through abductor hallucis brevis muscle flap. Two patients had calcaneal osteomyelitis without soft tissue loss resulting from previous comminuted calcaneal fractures while a third patient had a large soft tissue defect and calcaneal osteomyelitis resulting from a destructive infection. All of the patients had undergone several surgical procedures for treatment of the osteomyelitis with histories ranging 18 months to 30 months. Following treatment with the pull-through muscle flap there has been no recurrence over the longterm (>two years). We believe that radical removal of all contaminated tissue and immediately coverage with a muscle flap provides an effective single stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis.     

负载妥布霉素的硫酸钙治疗慢性骨髓炎及合并骨缺损的疗效评价

目的评价应用负载妥布霉素的硫酸钙（Osteoset-T）治疗慢性骨髓炎及合并骨缺损的疗效.方法自2004年4月起,采用Wright公司的Osteoset-T治疗慢性骨髓炎患者4例,慢性骨髓炎合并骨缺损患者11例.其中同时应用带蒂腓肠神经营养皮瓣转移治疗慢性窦道切除后皮肤缺损4例,带蒂小腿内侧皮瓣转移修复1例,平行桥式血管吻合游离背阔肌皮瓣移植1例.所有骨髓炎病例经过彻底清创,去除死骨与肉芽组织后植入Osteoset-T 5～25 mL,平均8.3 mL.结果所有患者平均随访4.5个月.15例患者中13例感染得到控制;2例混合感染者术后渗出较多,经过再次清创取出分解的Osteoset-T后创面愈合.11例骨髓炎合并骨缺损患者中5例术后4周开始出现不同程度的新骨形成,其中3例跟骨骨髓炎患者术后2个月部分负重行走,3个月恢复行走;1例股骨骨髓炎合并骨不连患者术后2个月新骨形成;1例桡骨骨髓炎患者术后6个月骨完全愈合.6例炎症得到控制但无新骨形成,均行自体骨或异体骨植骨后2例已经完全愈合,4例在愈合过程中.结论应用彻底清创合并Osteoset-T可以有效地治疗慢性骨髓炎,并可在一定程度上促进新骨的形成.     

One-stage treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the proximal tibia using a pedicled vascularised double-barrel fibular flap together with a muscle flap.

Although segmental bone loss together with a soft-tissue defect after debridement of a chronic osteomyelitic lesion of the tibia represents a challenging problem for the reconstructive surgeon, bone management has not usually been carried out at the time of soft-tissue coverage. In a one-stage procedure, we treated a patient who had suffered from chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia for 12 years, using a pedicled vascularised double-barrel fibular flap together with a pedicled medial gastrocnemius muscle flap, immediately after radical debridement of the osteomyelitic lesion. Bony union was obtained at 4 months. Full unprotected weight-bearing for normal walking was achieved 10 months after fibular transfer. Follow-up at 2 years showed no recurrence of the osteomyelitis.     

Reconstruction of Large Area of Deep Wound in the Foot and Ankle with Chimeric Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Flap

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical application and surgical efficacy of the chimeric perforator flap pedicled with the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and the lateral thigh muscle flap for the reconstruction of the large area of deep wound in foot and ankle.MethodsClinical data of 32 cases who underwent chimeric anterolateral thigh perforator flap to repair the large area of deep wound of the foot and ankle from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The sizes of the defects ranged from 18 cm × 10 cm to 35 cm × 20 cm, with exposed tendon and bone and/or partial defects and necrosis, contaminations, accompanied by different degrees of infection. Following the radical debridement and VSD, chimeric anterolateral thigh perforator flap was employed to repair the deep wounds according to the position, site and deep‐tissue injury of the soft‐tissue defects. The skin flap and muscle flap were fanned out on the wound, and single‐ or two‐staged split‐thickness skin grafting was performed on the muscle flap. The operation time and blood loss were recorded. The survival and healing conditions of the operational site with chimeric anterolateral thigh perforator flap were evaluated post‐operationally. Complications at both recipient site and donor site were carefully recorded.ResultsThe mean time of the operation was 325.5 min and average blood loss was 424.8 mL. Among the 32 cases, two cases developed vascular crisis, which were alleviated with intensive investigation and treatment; Four cases suffered from partial necrosis of the flap or skin graft on the muscle flap or on the residual local wound, which were improved after treatment of further dressing change and skin grafting. Another four cases experienced post‐traumatic osteomyelitis accompanied by bone defect were treated with simple bone grafting or Mesquelet bone grafting at 6–8 months after wound healing. Postoperatively, the wounds were properly healed, and the infection was effectively controlled without sinus tract forming. Overall, all 32 cases received satisfactory efficacy, without influencing subsequent functional reconstruction, and observed infection during the 12–36 months post‐operational follow‐up.ConclusionThe chimeric perforator flap pedicled with the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and the lateral thigh muscle flap provides an effective and relative safe procedure for the repair of a large area of deep wound in the foot and ankle, particularly with irregular defect or deep dead space.     

带肌瓣的嵌合穿支皮瓣修复合并深部死腔的难愈性创面

目的探讨带肌瓣的嵌合穿支皮瓣修复合并深部死腔难愈性创面的临床效果。方法2015年2月至2019年2月,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四○医院全军烧伤整形外科中心收治22例合并有深部死腔的难愈性创面患者,男17例,女5例,年龄17~72岁,平均36.4岁。6例位于足底,6例位于小腿及踝关节,5例位于会阴部,2例位于肘部,2例位于背部,1例位于眼眶处。缺损创面:5 cm×4 cm^16 cm×11 cm,死腔范围:3 cm×2 cm^10 cm×4 cm。14例采用股前外侧嵌合穿支皮瓣游离移植修复,5例采用股前外侧嵌合穿支皮瓣带蒂修复,1例采用腓动脉嵌合穿支皮瓣带蒂修复,1例采用腓浅动脉嵌合穿支皮瓣带蒂修复,1例采用胫后动脉嵌合穿支皮瓣带蒂修复。术后对创面和功能进行随访。结果本组22例,皮瓣面积为6 cm×5 cm^17 cm×12 cm,肌瓣面积为3 cm×2 cm^10 cm×4 cm。1例腓浅动脉穿支嵌合皮瓣术后皮瓣边缘拆线后裂开形成创面,经换药后二期手术植皮愈合;1例股前外侧嵌合穿支皮瓣术后出现皮下窦道,换药清创后创面愈合;其余20例嵌合穿支皮瓣均成活良好。随访3~18个月,创面外形、功能均恢复满意。结论带肌瓣的嵌合穿支皮瓣中肌瓣填充死腔,皮瓣覆盖创面,可同时修复深部死腔和体表创面,是修复合并深部死腔的难愈性创面的良好方法。     

One stage reconstruction of the skull defect following chronic osteomyelitis using a serratus anterior muscle rib osteomyocutaneous free flap

Summary In two cases of chronic osteomyelitis following craniotomy, removal of the bone flaps and debridement were performed. The defects in the calvarial bone and the scalp were immediately reconstructed in a one-stage operation using an osteomyocutaneous free flap consisting of the serratus anterior muscle and rib.     

Concomitant ipsilateral pedicled fibular transfer and free muscle flap for compound tibial defect reconstruction.

Three patients with compound injuries of the lower extremities were treated with pedicle fibular grafts and a free muscle flap concomitantly. There were 1 female and 2 male patients, all of whom sustained high-energy trauma in a motor vehicle accident. The bone defect of the tibia ranged from 8 to 12 cm. The size of the soft-tissue defect ranged from 24 x 15 cm to 28 x 15 cm. All patients underwent preoperative angiography to ensure the patency of the peroneal artery and to avoid its use by risking viability of the leg. All patients were treated with an antegrade-flow pedicle fibular graft. The fibular graft was inserted as a single strut in 2 patients and as a double-barrel strut in 1 patient. The pedicle of the free muscle flap was anastomosed to the distal runoff of the fibular bone flap. All free muscle flap transfers succeeded without complication. Bone scans performed on postoperative day 7 showed viability of transferred bone. The average time to radiological union was 9 months, and the average time to full weight bearing was 12 months. Screw loosening occurred in 2 patients and osteomyelitis was noted in another patient who was treated successfully with sequestrectomy and antibiotics. Indications for this technique are a large segmental bone defect with a huge soft-tissue defect, and patency of the peroneal artery and at least one other major artery. This method provides the advantages of one-stage reconstruction, avoidance of contralateral donor site morbidity, easy control of infection, and chance for early weight bearing. When selected carefully, this technique can be considered when one wants to avoid a two-stage, two free flap transfer.     

腓肠神经营养血管远端蒂皮瓣结合抗生素硫酸钙治疗跟骨慢性骨髓炎

背景:跟骨慢性骨髓炎是跟骨骨折术后发生的较为严重的并发症之一,其发生率日益增加,且处理较为棘手.目的:探讨应用腓肠神经营养血管远端蒂皮瓣及抗生素硫酸钙治疗跟骨慢性骨髓炎的方法和疗效.方法:回顾性研究2016年1月至2019年10月治疗的19例跟骨骨折所致跟骨慢性骨髓炎患者,男11例,女8例;年龄35～65岁,平均(45...