应用RNA干扰抑制乙型肝炎病毒复制和表达

RNA干扰(RNAi)是一种由双链RNA(dsRNA)引发的序列特异性基因沉默机制。在这一转录后基因沉默(PTGS)过程中,与双链RNA有同源序列的单链RNA(如mRNA)被降解,从而阻断基因表达。RNAi过程的关键是由双链RNA     

RNA干扰技术在哺乳动物中的应用

RNA干扰(RNA interfe rence RNAi)是由小干涉RNAs介导的转录后基因沉默,能引起序列特异性的mRNA降解,广泛存在于生物体中。本文介绍了RNAi的作用机制,小干涉RNA(small interference RNA siRNA)的制备以及RNAi技术在哺乳动物中的应用,在基因功能研究、基因治疗方面显示出巨大的前景。但作为一种新型的基因阻断方法,由于我们对RNAi的机制尚不完全明了,RNAi 技术的应用在方法学等方面尚有许多亟待改进之处。     

RNA干扰及其在寄生原虫研究中的应用

RNA干扰（RNAi）是由双链RNA（double stranded RNA,dsRNA）分子在mRNA水平关闭相应序列基因表达或使其沉默的过程,小分子RNA在RNAi介导的基因调节过程中发挥了重要作用。蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫中RNAi现象的发现,证明RNAi很早即已经存在于真核谱系中,抑制反转录转座子的转录可能是RNAi最古老的功能。本文就引起人类疾病的寄生原虫中的RNAi研究及应用现状进行综述。     

RNA干扰技术在肺癌治疗中的应用前景

RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)技术是近年来发展起来的新技术,能高效特异地抑制癌基因的表达,在探查基因功能和治疗人类疾病方面有广阔的应用前景。RNAi技术被《科学》杂志评为2002年度十大科技之首,小RNA被《自然》杂志评为2002年度最重要科技发现之一。本文旨在根据现有文献探讨RNAi技术在肺癌治疗中的研究进展,以期为进一步研究提供借鉴。1 RNAi技术的作用机制RNAi是一种在生物体细胞内,由特异的内源性或外源性双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,dsRNA)诱发其同源信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)降解的基因沉默机制。特异的ds…     

RNA干扰及其在肝癌治疗中的研究进展

RNA干扰（RNAi）是指物体内利用双链RNA诱导同源靶基因的mRNA特异性降解，导致转录后基因沉默的过程。近年来，RNAi技术已广泛应用于医学研究之中。本文主要对RNAi的机制及其在肝癌防治中的应用作一综述。     

RNA干扰与抗肝纤维化治疗前景

RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是近年来兴起的一项新技术,它可高效阻抑靶基因表达,不仅可用于研究基因功能,更是一种高效、特异的治疗手段。现就RNAi现象的发现、RNAi机制、意义及抗肝纤维化治疗前景作一简介。     

RNA干扰与高血压

RNA干扰（RNA interference，RNAi）是由双链RNA（double-stranded RNA，dsRNA）启动的序列特异的转录后基因沉默。本文简述了RNAi在高血压中的应用。     

RNA干扰抗乙型肝炎病毒治疗新进展

RNA干扰（RNA interferencing,RNAi）是短双链RNA,即小干扰RNA（small interferencing RNA,siRNA）介导的对同源基因转录后水平或者翻译水平的抑制作用.近年来应用RNAi技术治疗病毒感染性疾病的实验研究取得了很大的进展.RNAi作为一种新型的抗乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因治疗技术受到广泛关注,其高效、特异的抗病毒作用,设计灵活的多靶位效应使其成为一种前景广阔的基因治疗手段.     

RNAi在原发性肝癌治疗中的研究进展

RNA干扰(RNA interfcrence),即RNAi,是一种在真核生物体中广泛存在的通过双链RNA分子在mRNA水平上诱导特异性序列基因表达部分或完全抑制的过程.本文主要对RNAi的机制及其在肝癌研究治疗中的应用作一综述.     

RNA干扰靶向白血病融合基因的研究

RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是新近发展起来的一种静止基因表达的有效方法,是由双链RNA分子介导的特异性靶基因转录后基因沉默过程.1998年由Fire等[1]在对线虫的研究中首先提出,2001年Elbashir等[2]报道RNAi同样存在于哺乳动物细胞,这一突破性的进展使RNAi技术在哺乳动物细胞中的探索与应用逐渐成为研究热点.     

RNA干扰沉默JAK/STAT与支气管哮喘的治疗进展

RNA干扰是由双链RNA介导的序列特异性转录后的基因沉默现象,是生物界一种古老而进化上高度保守的基因表达调节机制.随着分子生物学理论与技术研究的不断深入,近几年利用RNA干扰技术特异性剔除或关闭特定基因表达而防治疾病成为医学界研究的热点.JAK/STAT途径是细胞因子信号转导的重要途径,许多细胞因子及趋化因子,通过JAK/STAT途径转导信号,在支气管哮喘气道慢性炎症中发挥作用.利用RNA干扰技术沉默STAT基因表达,阻止气道变应性炎症反应,对防治支气管哮喘的发生发展具有重要的临床意义.     

siRNA technology

RNA interference (RNAi) represents a mechanism invented by nature to protect the genome. In the past few years the field has emerged at a surprisingly high pace. The underlying molecular mechanism of gene silencing provides us with short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) which allows to target any gene with high specificity and efficiency. siRNAs can now be obtained in various ways allowing for numerous in vitro and in vivo applications. Successful knock-downs of disease-related genes indicate that siRNAs open the door for novel therapeutic procedures.     

RNAi及其在肝癌治疗中的作用

RNA干扰(RNAi)是指生物体内利用双链RNA诱导同源靶基因的mRNA特异性降解,导致转录后基因沉默的现象.近年来,RNA干扰技术在医学研究中的广泛应用取得显著的基因沉默效果,RNAi以其高特异性、高效性等显著优势将成为研究基因功能的新手段.此文综述该技术的发现、定义、机制、特征等及其在肝癌治疗中的应用.     

RNA干扰技术及其在胃癌基因治疗中的应用进展

RNA干扰(RNAi)是指生物体内由双链RNA(dsRNA)介导同源mRNA的特异性降解,从而导致基因沉默的现象。目前,随着RNA干扰分子机制研究的不断深入,RNAi技术已广泛用于各种肿瘤的研究,尤其在胃癌治疗中的研究取得了重要进展,具有潜在、广阔的应用前景。     

Genomewide view of gene silencing by small interfering RNAs

RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in plant and animal cells that directs the degradation of messenger RNAs homologous to short double-stranded RNAs termed small interfering RNA (siRNA). The ability of siRNA to direct gene silencing in mammalian cells has raised the possibility that siRNA might be used to investigate gene function in a high throughput fashion or to modulate gene expression in human diseases. The specificity of siRNA-mediated silencing, a critical consideration in these applications, has not been addressed on a genomewide scale. Here we show that siRNA-induced gene silencing of transient or stably expressed mRNA is highly gene-specific and does not produce secondary effects detectable by genomewide expression profiling. A test for transitive RNAi, extension of the RNAi effect to sequences 5' of the target region that has been observed in Caenorhabditis elegans, was unable to detect this phenomenon in human cells.     

RNA干扰技术在真核细胞型病原体研究中的应用

RNA干扰是由与靶基因序列同源的双链RNA介导的序列特异性的靶基因沉默过程,具有高特异性、高效性、可扩散性和可遗传性等特点,能相对快速、简便地提供基因功能的信息,为原虫和真菌基因功能的研究提供强有力的工具。该文综述了RNA干扰技术在原虫及机会致病真菌等真核细胞型病原体研究中的应用现状与进展。     

RNA interference--small RNAs effectively fight viral hepatitis.

RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of sequence-specific gene silencing, initiated by double-stranded RNA that is homologous in sequence to the target gene. This unique phenomenon has been extensively investigated during the last few years not only in the context of its mechanism and its possible role in the regulation of gene expression and cell function, but also as a potential powerful tool for gene therapy. Targeting essential viral genes or oncogenic alleles are only some of the possible applications of RNAi in the field of gene-directed therapy. This review covers the potential use of RNAi against hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses, the main pathogens causing chronic liver disease. The major milestones along the discovery of RNAi will also be covered.     

Generation of single and double knockdowns in polarized epithelial cells by retrovirus-mediated RNA interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a ubiquitous mechanism of eukaryotic gene regulation that can be exploited for specific gene silencing. Retroviruses have been successfully used for stable expression of short hairpin RNAs in mammalian cells, leading to persistent inhibition of gene expression by RNAi. Here, we apply retrovirus-mediated RNAi to epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, whose properties limit the applicability of other RNAi methods. We demonstrate efficient suppression of a set of 13 target genes by retroviral coexpression of short hairpin RNAs and a selectable marker. We characterize the resulting knockdown cell populations with regard to composition and stability, and examine the usefulness of proposed guidelines for choosing RNAi target sequences. Finally, we show that this system can be used to simultaneously target two genes, giving rise to double knockdowns. Thus, retrovirus-mediated RNAi is a convenient method for gene silencing in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, and is likely to be applicable to virtually any mammalian cell.