妇科腹腔镜手术1276例临床分析

目的 探讨妇科腹腔镜手术治疗妇科疾病的临床价值.方法 总结妇科腹腔镜手术1 276例临床资料,分析其手术适应证、手术方式、并发症等.结果 在腹腔镜下完成1 270例,中转开腹6例.平均手术时间(54.20±25.33)min,术中平均出血量20 mL,术后住院时间3～5 d.发生手术并发症11例(0.87%).结论 腹...     

腹腔镜治疗粘连性肠梗阻效果观察

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗粘连性肠梗阻的临床疗效.方法将我院收治的68例粘连性肠梗阻患者随机分为开腹组和腹腔镜组,各34例.对两组患者的腹腔镜组术中出血量、手术时间、术后镇痛剂使用量、下床时间、住院时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、拔出导尿管时间进行比较.结果腹腔镜组术中出血量(49±21)mL、手术时间(70±45)min、术后镇痛剂使用量(1.0±1.0)支、胃肠功能恢复时间(2.3±1.8)d、下床时间(10±6)h、拔出导管时间(3.3±2.3) d、住院时间(5.6±1.5)d;开腹组术中出血量(51±21)mL、手术时间(79±46)min、术后镇痛剂使用量(3.7±1.5)支、胃肠功能恢复时间(4.4±1.8)d、下床时间(79±40)h、拔出导管时间(5.7±2.2)d、住院时间(10.4±2.6)d,腹腔镜组术中出血量、手术时间、术后镇痛剂使用量、下床时间、住院时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、拔出导尿管时间均少于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论腹腔镜治疗粘连性肠梗阻效果显著,值得大力推广.     

腹腔镜治疗妇科急腹症临床应用分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜治疗妇科急腹症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析整群选取的2011年1月-2014年12月该院收治的84例妇科急腹症患者临床资料,随机分成观察组和对照组各42例,观察组行腹腔镜手术治疗,对照组行传统开腹手术治疗,观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后镇痛剂使用例数。结果两组均顺利完成手术,观察组手术时间(62.4±12.6)min低于对照组(90.4±24.3﹚min,术中出血量(37.2±8.5)mL少于对照组(73.5±14.7) mL,术后住院时间(4.6±1.3)d少于对照组(8.7±2.3)d,术后镇痛剂使用例数观察组有3例,对照组有31例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05﹚。结论腹腔镜治疗妇科急腹症,损伤小、痛苦少、恢复快,对抢救患者生命和术后恢复有重要意义。     

腹腔镜直肠癌手术的临床效果分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜直肠癌手术的临床疗效.方法 随机将56例直肠癌患者分成腹腔镜组和开腹组,每组28例.腹腔组采取腹腔镜下直肠癌切除术,开腹组采取常规开腹手术,比较2组患者的手术成功率、手术时间、术中出血量、术后镇痛情况、术后排气时间、术后住院时间及术后并发症发生率.结果 腹腔镜组的手术时间(138.2±10.5)min,术中出血量(80.5±10.5)mL术后排气时间(2.5±1.4)h,住院时间(5.7±2.4)d,术后镇痛率7.14%,开腹组的手术时间(164.6±30.8)min,术中出血量(168.6±20.4)mL,术后排气时间(4.7±1.7)h,住院时间(8.9±3.2)d,术后镇痛率21.43%,腹腔镜组的手术时间,术中出血量,术后镇痛率,术后排气时间,住院时间明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).腹腔镜组有1例患者出现肠粘连,切口脂肪液化1例,并发症发生率为2/28(7.14%),开腹组切口感染1例,切口裂开1例,肠粘连3例,吻合口瘘2例,并发症发生率为7/28(25%),腹腔镜组的并发症发生率明低于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 腹腔镜下直肠癌切除术手术成功率高,术中损伤小,术后恢复快,并发症发生率发生低,有临床推广的意义.     

腹腔镜下巨大卵巢囊肿剔除术33例

目的 观察腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿摘除术治疗巨大卵巢囊肿的安全性及疗效.方法 33例巨大卵巢囊肿患者均行腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剔除术治疗,观察手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、住院时间、并发症以及术后复发等.结果 本组33例患者均在腹腔镜下顺利完成手术;手术时间(46.7±12.3)min,术中出血量(38.5±12.7)ml;术后肛门排气时间(10.2±3.8)h;术后平均住院时间(4.1±0.8)d;无明显并发症,随访1～6个月均正常、无复发.结论 腹腔镜下巨大卵巢囊肿摘除术疗效确切、安全可靠.     

泌尿外科达芬奇机器人腹腔镜手术—单中心400例报道

回顾性分析400例实施达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜手术患者的临床资料,手术方式包括:前列腺癌根治术159例,肾部分切除术115例,肾盂输尿管成形术30例,肾癌根治术 22例等.手术均获得成功,前列腺癌根治术平均手术时间(132. 40 ± 49. 22) min,平均出血量(148. 84 ± 94.. 96) ml,术后住院时间6 ～8 d,平均7 d,导尿管拔除时间为术后2～3周.肾脏部分切除术平均手术时间(105. 24 ±43. 73)min,平均出血量(64. 03 ± 25. 74) ml,肾脏热缺血时间(16. 85 ± 3.37)min,术后住院时间6～8 d,平均7 d.肾盂输尿管成形术平均手术时间(97. 53 ±24. 35)d,平均出血量(60. 00 ± 24. 26) ml,平均术后住院时间4 ～5 d,平均4.5 d.肾癌根治术平均手术时间(57. 86 ± 12. 71) min,平均出血量(66. 82 ± 19. 18)ml,平均术后住院时间3 ～5 d,平均4 d.达芬奇机器人手术系统可以安全且精准的应用于泌尿外科手术,将来应该广泛开展.     

后腹腔镜与开放根治性肾切除术治疗T1期肾癌的疗效比较

目的评价后腹腔镜肾癌根治术治疗T1期肾癌的临床疗效。方法将126例T1期肾癌患者后腹腔镜组66例和开放组60例。比较两组手术时间、出血量、住院时间、手术并发症及生存率。结果后腹腔镜组与开放组手术时间分别为(86±15)min与(78±17)min,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术中出血量分别为(81±42)mL与(181±48)mL、术后住院时间分别为(4.1±1.2)d与(9.9±1.6)d,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论与开放手术相比,后腹腔镜肾癌根治术出血少、恢复快、术后并发症少。     

后腹腔镜手术与传统开放手术在肾上腺肿瘤切除中的疗效比较

目的 探讨后腹腔镜手术与传统开放手术在肾上腺肿瘤切除中的临床疗效差异.方法 将60例肾上腺肿瘤患者随机分为对照组和实验组(n=30),对照组采用传统开放手术治疗,实验组采用后腹腔镜手术治疗,比较2组平均手术时间、平均出血量、术后住院时间和术后并发症发生率.结果 实验组患者平均手术时间为(81.3±14.6)min、平均出血量(63.8±10.5)mL、术后住院时间为(5.02±1.32)d、术后并发症发生率为13.3%,均显著低于对照组的(146.1±20.9)min、(121.3±21.6)mL、(10.5±4.31)d、30.0%,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 后腹腔镜手术在肾上腺肿瘤切除术中具有出血少、安全性高、手术时间短、并发症少的优点,值得临床推广应用.     

介入治疗与腹腔镜治疗剖宫产切口瘢痕妊娠的疗效比较

目的 对比剖宫产切口瘢痕妊娠治疗中介入治疗与腹腔镜应用的疗效.方法 将60例剖宫产切口瘢痕妊娠患者按照入院先后顺序随机分为介入组(32例)和腹腔镜组(28例),观察对比2组患者术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、HCG恢复至正常水平时间、月经复潮时间以及术后6个月内妊娠率.结果 腹腔镜组术中出血量(90.65±25.17)mL较介入组(158.67±29.86)mL显著减少,且手术时间(78.94±11.32)min、住院时间(5.61±1.03)d、HCG恢复至正常水平时间(30.12±6.71)d、月经复潮时间(26.79±1.68)d均较介入组手术时间(110.37±20.16)min、住院时间(10.56±2.38)d、HCG恢复至正常水平时间(58.17±12.96)d、月经复潮时间(63.74±10.25)d显著缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹腔镜组术后6个月内妊娠率(25.00%)较介入组显著升高(3.13%)(P<0.05).结论 采用腹腔镜手术对剖宫产切口瘢痕妊娠进行治疗较介入治疗效果更佳,可以明显减少手术创伤,缩短住院时间,还可以促进术后生育功能迅速恢复.     

后腹腔镜手术治疗在泌尿外科的应用分析

目的利用后腹腔镜手术治疗泌尿外科疾病,以探讨其应用价值。方法对62例泌尿外科患者利用后腹腔镜手术治疗,对手术时间、术中出血量、并发症情况进行分析,并对16例后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术与17例开放式肾上腺肿瘤切除术进行比较。结果 62例患者中59例获得成功,3例转开腹;手术时间45～495 min,平均手术时间(178±45)min;除3例术中输血量600 ml外,其余患者出血量均少于100 ml,未输血。住院时间4～15 d,平均住院时间(7.2±3.1)d。除肾蒂淋巴结结扎术患者术后需卧位1 w外,其余患者均于术后3 d内下床活动,无术后并发症。两组患者手术情况比较,观察组手术操作时间(121.5±63.2)min,对照组手术操作时间(125.2±54.5)min,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术中出血量(96.2±28.9)ml、肛门排气时间(2.9±0.6)天、住院时间(7.2±5.3)天,对照组术中出血量(152.5±34.6)ml、肛门排气时间(4.1±1.1)天、住院时间(13.1±1.5)天,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论利用后腹腔镜手术对泌尿外科疾病进行治疗,手术时间短、出血量少,术后并发症少,具有明显的微创优势。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.