左半结肠急诊一期修补或吻合20例临床分析

目的 :探讨左半结肠急诊手术一期修补或吻合的可行性。方法 :对 2 0例左半结肠急诊一期修补或吻合的临床资料进行总结。结果 :本组共 2 0例 ,8例结肠穿孔 ,7例左半结肠癌并完全梗阻 ,5例乙状结肠扭转。术前半小时静脉注射广谱抗生素 ;术中彻底灌洗肠管 ,后一期修补或吻合 ;术后定时扩肛 ,抗感染及静脉高营养。 2 0例均未出现腹腔感染、结肠瘘等严重并发症。结论 :选择合适病例 ;术中彻底灌洗肠管 ,防止腹腔污染及加强围手术期处理 ,左半结肠急诊一期修补或吻合术是可行的 ,有利于缩短病人的住院时间 ,减轻病人痛苦 ,降低费用。     

左半结肠急诊一期切除吻合12例报告

笔者自1982～1988年,对12例左半结肠癌并发急性完全梗阻病人,行左半结肠急诊一期切除吻合,效杲满意,现报告如下。临床资料本组男8例,女4例。年龄23～62岁。单纯梗阻8例,梗阻并腹膜炎4例。发病时间12～78小时,平均52小时。癌肿部位:脾曲2例,降结肠2例,乙状结肠8例。术式:左半结肠切除、横结肠—乙状结肠吻合4例,降结肠—直肠吻合8例。治疗结果:本组12例全部治愈。早期粘连性肠梗阻1例,切口感染1例。无1例发生吻合口漏。手术方式结肠癌急症手术,传统方法为分期进行。近年来对右半结肠行一期切除吻合的意见,已趋一致。对左半结肠究竟采用一期切除吻合,还是分期手术,至今意见尚有分岐。分期手术,可一期结肠造瘘,二期切     

带蒂结肠浆肌瓣联合微生态制剂治疗左半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻

目的探讨带蒂结肠浆肌瓣联合微生态制剂治疗左半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻的可行性。方法回顾性研究93例结肠癌并急性肠梗阻患者,根据入院时间分为两组,采取一期根治性切除吻合后用近端扩张之结肠段做成带蒂结肠浆肌瓣覆盖吻合口,围术期结肠内灌注合生元微生态制剂治疗组(一期组)68例;先行Hartmann手术,三月后再行二期吻合组(二期组)25例。通过观察一般情况、腹腔渗液细菌培养并动态观测结肠内菌群失调的改善情况来进行比较。结果一期组病人无一例出现吻合口瘘。一期组病人住院天数及体温、血常规、进食恢复正常所需时间明显短于二期组,切口感染率明显少于二期组(P0.05)。一期组与二期组腹腔渗液细菌培养阳性分别为8例和14例,有显著差异(P0.05)。一期组肠道菌群双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌从术后1 d开始上升,术后3 d恢复正常;肠球菌、大肠杆菌从术后1 d下降,术后3 d均恢复至正常水平,与二期组相比差异显著(P0.05)。结论左半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻采取带蒂结肠浆肌瓣联合微生态制剂治疗可尽快改善结肠内菌群失调,减少肠道细菌移位,术后恢复较快,值得临床推广。     

大肠癌致急性肠梗阻的外科治疗(178例临床分析)

目的探讨大肠癌并发急性肠梗阻的外科治疗方法及疗效。方法大肠癌致急性肠梗阻178例,一期行右半结肠切除37例,一期行左半结肠切除80例,一期行结肠次全切除、回肠-乙状结肠(或直肠上段)吻合31例,一期行左半结肠或直肠上段癌切除,近端结肠造瘘、封闭远端结肠(或直肠)、二期吻合13例,结、直肠癌晚期无法根治切除者行结肠造瘘7例,短路手术10例。结果术后并发症发生率为13.5%(24/178),围手术期死亡率为4.5%(8/178)。结论大肠癌致急性肠梗阻的外科治疗应及时并遵循个体化原则,应创造条件力争一期切除肿瘤,解除梗阻。对左半结肠癌并发急性肠梗阻病人施行一期肿瘤切除吻合术是安全有效的,但应严格掌握适应证,灵活应用不同的手术方式。     

大肠癌合并肠梗阻的外科治疗

目的：探讨大肠癌并肠梗阻的外科治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析我院1993至2003年收治手术52例大肠癌并肠梗阻临床资料。结果：52例患者中一期右半结肠切除12例；一期左半结肠切除23例；一期左半结肠或直肠上段癌切除、近端结肠造瘘、封闭远端结肠或直肠二期吻合14例：直肠癌晚期无法切除根治行乙状结肠造瘘5例，术后并发症发生率13．46％(7／52)，围手术期死亡率3．85％(2／52)。结论：提高本病认识，合理选择外科治疗；做好围手术期处理是提高疗效和改善生活质量的关键。     

结直肠损伤104例手术治疗分析

目的探讨结直肠损伤的手术治疗方法。方法对104例结直肠损伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果104例结直肠损伤患者均经手术治疗,一期单纯修补或切除吻合91例（80％）;二期肠造口或外置术13例（20％）,死亡2例,均为多脏器功能衰竭及脑挫裂伤。结论结直肠损伤一期手术是首选的,二期手术适用于结肠重度损伤、腹腔重度污染、全身病情严重及腹膜返折以下的直肠损伤者。     

左半结肠损伤及梗阻一期手术治疗23例体会

我院1998年1月至2005年12月收住的左半结肠损伤及梗阻患者23例,采用一期手术治疗,效果满意,现报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料:本组23例,其中左半结肠损伤12例(脾曲、乙状结肠刀刺伤各3例,降结肠枪弹伤2例,车祸致降结肠破裂1例,乙状结肠、直肠上段破裂1例,坠落伤致降结肠乙状结肠破裂2例);年龄14~35岁,中位年龄19岁,均为男性,受伤至手术时间均<3h;开放性损伤8例,闭合性损伤4例;单纯结肠损伤4例,合并伤8例。左半结肠梗阻11例(乙状结肠扭转2例,梗阻性左半结肠癌9例,其中脾曲腺癌2例,降结肠腺癌3例、黏液癌1例,乙状结肠腺癌3例);男8例,女4例;年…     

结直肠损伤Ⅰ期手术56例临床观察

本院1987年6月至2003年6月,共收治左半结肠及直肠损伤共75例,其中56例Ⅰ期手术修补或吻合,行术中结肠灌洗及经肛吻合口上下双管引流治疗,取得满意效果.报告分析如下.     

术中结肠灌洗一期治疗左半结肠癌梗阻近期疗效的评价

目的评价术中结肠灌洗一期治疗左半结肠癌梗阻病人的近期疗效。方法回顾分析本院从2000—2004年43例左半结肠癌梗阻一期手术病人临床资料（术中结肠灌洗组，n=25；结肠次全切除组，n=18）和28例非梗阻性结肠肿瘤择期手术病人临床资料（择期手术组，n=28），比较其并发症发生率及手术和住院时间。结果术中结肠灌洗组与其余两组相比手术时间明显延长。并有较高的伤口感染率。结论如果注意术中切口保护。结肠灌洗一期治疗左半结肠癌梗阻是一种安全可行的手术方式。     

结直肠损伤的手术治疗：附125例报告

目的:探讨结直肠损伤的手术治疗和围手术期处理。 方法:回顾性分析19年间收治的125例结直肠损伤患者的临床资料。结果:结肠和腹膜内直肠破裂69例中，初期缝合或切除吻合56例（81.16 %），行造口术11例，“损伤控制外科”术式2例。腹膜外直肠破裂18例中，14例行乙状结肠近端造口并骶前引流，4例一期修补未造口;其余38例非全层损伤患者，均做简单修补。全组死亡8例（6.40 %），6例术中、1例术后死于失血性休克，1例术后5 d死于胸腔感染。术后并发症包括局部感染6例、粘连性肠梗阻1例，均治愈。 结论:多数结肠和腹膜内直肠损伤可一期手术，应配合围手术期正确使用抗生素尤其甲硝唑。腹膜外直肠伤应分期手术，为阻断远端污染，应行乙状结肠近端造口而不选择襻式造口。     

The intracolonic bypass tube for left colon and rectal trauma. The avoidance of a colostomy

Traumatic perforations of the left colon and rectum are most frequently managed by procedures that include the formation of a colostomy. Primary repair without colostomy is much less commonly employed. We report nine patients with traumatic perforations of the left colon and rectum treated with the intracolonic bypass tube (ICBT) without concomitant colostomy. In all these patients we believe the standard treatment would have included fecal diversion. Four patients sustained blunt trauma and five sustained penetrating trauma. Healing of the colonic anastomosis occurred in all cases, and the ICBTs were passed per rectum between the tenth and nineteenth days postoperatively. On the basis of this study, we conclude that the ICBT has a role in the treatment of selected injuries of the left colon and rectum as a safe means of avoiding a colostomy.     

Penetrierende Kriegsverletzungen der Colorectalregion

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal war injuries can be treated with primary repair or by colostomy. We report our experience with both treatments. METHODS: During the Croatian war from July 1991 to March 1994, 155 patients with colorectal injuries were treated at the Surgical Clinic, University Hospital Split. This group represents 7% of all patients (n = 2220) with gunshot and shrapnel wounds treated in this period at our clinic. The median patient age was 24.7 years (range 14-70 years). The majority of the patients (96.7%) were male. Concomitant injuries of the colon (83.7%) and rectum (69%) were found more frequently than isolated ones. 50 patients were operated on as emergencies in our clinic, while 105 were operated on in field hospitals. In 28 patients primary repair of the colorectal injury was performed (without derivation), whereas 127 patients were treated by colostomy. In those patients 106 wounds were closed electively during a second operation. The average in hospital stay was 32.3 days (range 10-65 days). RESULTS: Using PATI and FCIS scores for colorectal injuries, 80% of our patients had life-threatening injuries. In the cases with primary repair the percentage of complications was high (92%). In the cases with the diverting colostomy it was only 34%. The high complication rate in the cases with primary repair was directly related to the presence of the anastomotic leaks and subsequent peritonitis. Explorative laparotomy was an effective diagnostic tool especially in the field hospitals. The overall mortality rate was 3.2%. CONCLUSION: In our operative strategy we preferred derivation operations in order to decrease major complications due to anastomotic leakage or peritonitis.     

一期切除术在急性大肠梗阻中的应用

作者报告了手术治疗急性大肠梗阻２８３例，其中结直肠癌引起的梗阻２５５例，良性病变引起的梗阻２８例。行一期切除术２０１例，其中行一期切除近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术４４例，一期切除吻合术１５７例。行分期手术５２例。术后生存率一期切除术优于分期手术。作者认为：（１）左侧结直肠癌梗阻情况允许时应尽量争取一期切除术，条件许可时行一期吻合术，如不能吻合则行近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术，一期切除吻合加保护性横结肠造口术不宜采用；（２）术中结肠灌洗对左侧结肠梗阻一期切除吻合具有重要意义；（３）结肠次全切除术适合于横结肠左侧至降结肠部位的梗阻。     

New trends in the management of colonic trauma

BACKGROUND: The management of colon trauma seems to have swung from the "diversion dogma" to a more liberal use of primary repair. However, there are still debatable issues, regarding the management of destructive injuries of the left colon. METHODS: A review of the current literature on the management of colon trauma was performed using PubMed, with secondary references obtained from key articles. CONCLUSION: There is strong evidence from prospective randomised trials that the vast majority of colonic injuries can be safely managed by primary repair. It seems, however, that there is a limited role for colostomy, particularly in high-risk patients with destructive injuries of the left colon. The final decision should be based on available scientific evidence in combination with personal experience and clinical judgement on the given patient.     

结肠损伤诊治体会(附27例报告)

目的探讨结肠损伤诊治经验。方法对1990~2004年收治的27例结肠损伤的临床资料作回顾性分折。结果闭合性损伤19例,开放性损伤6例,医源性损伤2例。其中多发伤或多脏器伤14例,合并休克3例。手术确诊21例,术前确诊6例。行一期修补或肠切除吻合术22例,结肠造瘘2例,修补外置1例。死亡2例(术中、术后各死亡1例),切口感染2例,肠瘘1例。结论早期诊断、及早手术、仔细探查、选择正确术式是结肠损伤治疗的关键。     

急性结直肠癌性梗阻的治疗策略

目的 探讨结直肠癌引起急性肠梗阻的治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析结直肠癌性肠梗阻26例临床资料,复习手术术式及相关文献.结果 右侧结肠梗阻行根治性右半结肠切除术9例.左侧结直肠癌性梗阻17例：12例行一期根治性切除,其中4例行一期吻合,8例行Hartmann术;3例行梗阻近侧结肠造口术;1例直肠癌并升结肠绞窄行右半结肠切除＋乙状结肠造口术;1例拒绝手术.术后2例死于MODS,1例并发炎症性肠梗阻经保守治疗痊愈;病程中合并脓毒性休克、MODS 3例,肺部感染5例,心脏疾病2例;低蛋白血症16例.结论 右侧结肠癌性梗阻可一期切除吻合,左侧结直肠癌性梗阻应遵循损伤控制理论,先行肠减压或清除腹腔炎性渗液,减少毒素吸收以控制病情进一步加重,再根据病情选择有效、安全的术式.术后加强抗感染和营养支持治疗.     

同时性多原发大肠癌的诊断及治疗分析

目的探讨同时性多原发大肠癌的临床特点、误诊原因及治疗方法。方法对我院1984年6月~2004年6月收治的23例同时性多原发大肠癌病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组全部病人均行手术治疗,9例行直肠癌根治加结肠癌根治切除术,6例行直肠癌扩大根治切除术,4例行全结肠切除术,2例行肿物局部切除加右半结肠切除术,2例行肿物局部切除加左半结肠切除术。随访1~5年,仍健在14例,存活5年以上6例,3年以上11例,最长1例存活14年。结论术前行全结肠纤维结肠镜检查、术中全肠道探查及仔细检查切除的大肠标本是提高同时性多原发大肠癌诊断率的重要手段。通过积极、正确的手术治疗,同时性多原发大肠癌病人仍有较好的预后。     

结直肠癌急性梗阻的外科处理(附62例报告)

目的:探讨急性结肠梗阻的处理方法.方法:回顾性总结了62例急性结肠梗阻的手术处理方法和治疗效果.结果:右半结肠梗阻21例,全部行一期切除吻合术;其余41例低位梗阻患者中31例行一期切除吻合,4例行Miles术,3例行Hatmann术,2例行单纯造口术,1例行短路加造口术,术后低位梗阻一期切除吻合患者中2例出现吻合口瘘,经治疗痊愈,无死亡病例.结论:对于梗阻时间短,肠壁水肿轻的急性左半结肠癌梗阻患者,结合术中结肠灌洗,进行一期切除吻合是安全的.     

Penetrating colon injuries: exteriorized repair vs. loop colostomy

Eighty-five patients with penetrating colon injuries, treated either by exteriorized repair (39) or loop colostomy (46), were analyzed. Missile wounds accounted for 75.3% of the injuries. The Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI) was the scoring method employed to assess quantitatively the severity of injuries in each patient. Of 21 patients with right colon injuries, eight were treated by exteriorized repair and the remainder by loop colostomy. PATI and other variables were comparable in both groups. Suture line leaks occurred in two patients (25%) with exteriorized repair. The morbidity was similar in both groups. In left colon trauma, exteriorized repair was employed in 31 patients and 33 underwent loop colostomy. The injury severity indices, clinical status, and time lapse to laparotomy were similar in both groups. Colostomy was avoided in 67.7% (21 of 31) patients with exteriorized repair. The incidence of abscesses was significantly higher in the colostomy group compared to the group treated by exteriorized repair (24.2% and 6.4%, respectively; p less than 0.05). The length of hospital stay was shorter after exteriorized repair (17.2 days vs. 23.2 days; p less than 0.05). All three mortalities (3.5%) were related to associated injuries. We conclude that exteriorized repair is a safe and superior alternative to loop colostomy in penetrating colon trauma.