5-烷基-1, 2-二硫环戊烷-3-羧酸及其衍生物的合成和辐射防护作用

本文道了5-烷基l, 2-二硫环戊烷-3-羧酸及其衍生物的台成和辐射防护作用。划接受900R⁶⁰Coγ线照射的小鼠照前10分钟或照后立即腹腔注射化台物4, 6、10、13、11或15可提高活存率40～50%.其中胺基脂类化合物10和12照后立即给药的效果优于照前给药。酰胺类化合物17不仅腹腔注射给药有效, 而且口服给药也可提高存活率80%.     

超氧化物歧化酶的辐射防护作用

本研究甩照射小鼠的活存率和外源性脾结节法评价了牛红细胞SOD的辐射防护作用.小鼠受875拉德γ射线照射前1小时静脉注射200mg/kgSOD可提高活存率50%,照后给药无效.小鼠受350拉德照射前或照射后静脉注射200或35mg/kg SOD,都能明显提高骨髓CFU-S的形成能力与总量,照后给药效果较低.照前与照后各注射一次35mg/kg SOD,可加强SOD对CFU-S的防护效果.照前腹腔注射或皮下注射SOD对骨髓造血干细胞也有良好的辐射防护作用.对SOD的辐射防护效果及其作用机制进行了讨论.     

氚水内照射与60Coγ线外照射的比较毒理研究

本文比较研究了雄性小鼠接受氚水B线和⁶⁰Coγ线连续照射10天的累积剂量与精原细胞活存率的生物效应。氚B线的剂量为0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.16, 0.47和0.70Gy时, 精原细胞活存率为100～34%刚⁶⁰Coγ线的剂量为0, 0.43, 0.54, 1.06, 1.50, 2.04和2.58Gy时, 精原细胞活存率为10%～22%。     

骨髓细胞数对照射小鼠移植效果的影响

本实验用CFU-S测定技术测定了LACA小鼠骨髓造血干细胞的剂量活存曲线以及正常小鼠骨髓造血干细胞的含量.观察了受1000拉德照射小鼠输注1.03 × 10⁵～1.03 × 10⁷个同种骨髓有核细胞后动物的活存率,周外血白细胞数.平均白细胞体积、动物体重的变化.结果表明,在不给任何支持疗法的条件下,当输注的骨髓有核细胞数少于4.15×10⁶个时,动物极少活存;输注8.25×106和1.03×10⁷个骨髓有核细胞时,移植效果较好,动物25天活存率分别为23.5%和31.6%.     

香兰素衍生物VND3207对小鼠骨髓细胞遗传损伤的防护效应研究

目的 研究香兰素衍生物4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛(VND3207)对γ射线整体照射小鼠骨髓细胞遗传损伤的防护作用。方法 BALB/c小鼠按10、50和100 mg/kg不同剂量灌胃给药,1次/d,连续5 d,最后一次给药后2 h, 2 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线照射,照射后48 h观察小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核、染色体畸变和骨髓有丝分裂指数的改变。结果 不同剂量(10、50和100mg/kg)的VND3207均能有效地降低小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率(t=2.40～4.26,P<0.05)和染色体畸变率(t=2.36～3.52,P<0.05),同时提高骨髓有丝分裂指数。药物保护效果与给药剂量呈依赖关系,其中100 mg/kg剂量组的微核率和染色体畸变率与单纯照射组相比,分别降低了65%和50%。结论 VND3207对⁶⁰Co γ射线诱发的小鼠骨髓辐射损伤有良好的保护作用。     

钙拮抗剂的辐射防护作用研究

研究了钙拮抗剂在C3H,BALB/C,C5781/6,NMRI和MAG等小鼠的不同给药途径、不同给药时间及与其它辐射防护剂合用的辐射防护特征。实验采用相当于小鼠LD_(50)一半的药物剂量来测试其辐射防护活性。~(50)Co γ射线照射,剂量率为0.9Gy/min,照射剂量一般为LD_(100)。实验表明雌雄性C3H小鼠受照10.0Gy或10.5Gy前10分钟或30分钟,腹腔注射硫氮酮110mg/kg具有辐射防护作用,照前10分钟或30分钟注射硫氮酮对小鼠30天存活率无差异,但照前120     

放射防护物质复方(AET和5-甲氧色胺)对小鼠造血干细胞的防护作用

本文报告全身X线照射前不同时间给小鼠AET和5-甲氧色胺对活存率与造血干细胞的防护作用。实验用C57B1/10系雄性小鼠,7～8周龄。全身X线照射。AET剂量150毫克/公斤,腹腔注射;5-甲氧色胺25毫克/公斤,皮下注射。按AET,5-甲氧色胺的次序连续给药。观察指标,(1)照后30天活存率。(2)内源性造血(ESC)数,600伦照射后第9天计数脾表面结节数。(3)移植法测定股骨骨     

吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用

目的 研究吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐(pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate,PDTC)对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用.方法 6~8周龄雄性ICR小鼠,按体重随机分为5组,每组10只:空白单照组(IR)、阳性对照组(氨磷汀WR-2721 250 mg/kg)和PDTC30、60、90 mg/kg剂量组,照射前30 min给予相应药品.¹³⁷Cs γ射线7.5 Gy一次性全身照射,观察小鼠30 d存活率;¹³⁷Cs γ射线5.0 Gy一次性全身照射,照射后第8天检测外周血、造血系统、脏器系数指标.结果 PDTC可以提高小鼠30 d存活率,60 mg/kg剂量组效果最为明显,存活率提高到60%(6/10),空白单照组为10%(1/10),阳性对照组为70%(7/10).与空白单照组相比,PDTC 60 mg/kg剂量组的脾脏指数、白细胞、血红蛋白含量、血小板数、股骨有核数和脾结节数,差异有统计学意义(t=2.354、4.793、2.342、6.542、2.649、3.982,P<0.05).结论 PDTC具有抗辐射损伤作用,尤以60 mg/kg作用最为明显.     

受致死照射小鼠移植骨髓后造血与淋巴组织的重建

成年小鼠1000拉德照射后输注同种骨髓细胞(1×10⁶),照后30天约提高活存率40%。1100、1200与1300拉德照射后输注骨髓细胞(8×10⁶),则照后30天的活存率分别为31%、3%与3.4%。各平行对照组小鼠全部死亡。小鼠1000或1200拉德照射和输注等量同种骨髓细胞(2.4×10⁶)后,造血与淋巴组织的重建在两组之间是有差别的。表现在骨髓有核细胞量的增长与骨髓增殖的组织学状态,脾脏重量的增长与脾髓外造血的增殖程度,以及胸腺重量的恢复,前者都比后者好。文中对产生这些差别的原因进行了分析讨论。1000拉德组在移植骨髓后14～30天都见到一些小鼠出现宿主排斥移植物反应的病理变化。     

WR-2721对不同比例中子与γ线混合照射小鼠的防护效果

小鼠经不同比例中子γ(中子约占90%、50%-15%)混合射线和⁶⁰Coγ线照射.照前15-20分钟腹腔注射WR-2721 10毫克.Wlt-2721对受照小鼠的肠型死亡和造血型死亡都有防护作用。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.