Pt和Al2O3改性SO2-4/ZrO2正己烷异构化反应性能

在保持其他制备条件,如pH、干燥条件、焙烧温度、Pt的浸渍条件以及Al2O3和Pt的含量相同的情况下,通过Al的不同引入方法,即共沉淀法(CP)、成型法(SH)、悬浮法(SU)和混和法(MI),制备了4种Pt-SO42-/ZrO2-Al2O3(PSZA)催化剂。使用N2吸附和微库仑仪分析了催化剂的组织结构和硫含量。分别使用X射线光散射仪(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(TPR)及NH3程序升温解析(TPD)研究了催化剂的晶相结构、氧化还原性质和表面酸性质。在固定床反应器上考察了反应温度对催化剂正己烷异构化反应的影响和异构化产物分布。成型法催化剂仅探测到四方晶相,表明该种Al的引入方法延缓了四方相转为单斜相;并且成型法催化剂具有一个强的最低的TPR还原峰温度,表明Al的成型引入法增强了硫的还原。催化考评结果表明成型法催化剂具有最高的催化性能。催化剂的物化表征结果表明了催化活性同催化剂的氧化还原性质关联较好,而同硫含量、酸强度及强酸位数量关联性不好。实验结果表明Al的引入方式对于PSZA催化剂在正己烷异构化中具有高催化活性非常关键。     

Pt和Al2O3改性SO4^2-/ZrO2正己烷异构化反应性能

在保持其他制备条件,如pH、干燥条件、焙烧温度、Pt的浸渍条件以及Al2O3和Pt的含量相同的情况下,通过Al的不同引入方法,即共沉淀法(CP)、成型法(SH)、悬浮法(SU)和混和法(MI),制备了4种Pt-SO42-/ZrO2-Al2O3(PSZA)催化剂。使用N2吸附和微库仑仪分析了催化剂的组织结构和硫含量。分别使用X射线光散射仪(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(TPR)及NH3程序升温解析(TPD)研究了催化剂的晶相结构、氧化还原性质和表面酸性质。在固定床反应器上考察了反应温度对催化剂正己烷异构化反应的影响和异构化产物分布。成型法催化剂仅探测到四方晶相,表明该种Al的引入方法延缓了四方相转为单斜相;并且成型法催化剂具有一个强的最低的TPR还原峰温度,表明Al的成型引入法增强了硫的还原。催化考评结果表明成型法催化剂具有最高的催化性能。催化剂的物化表征结果表明了催化活性同催化剂的氧化还原性质关联较好,而同硫含量、酸强度及强酸位数量关联性不好。实验结果表明Al的引入方式对于PSZA催化剂在正己烷异构化中具有高催化活性非常关键。     

钾在水煤气耐硫变换催化剂中的作用

应用微反、XRD和TPR技术,对水煤气耐硫变换Co-Mo-K—O/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂的性能进行了研究。结果表明,原料气中H_2S的浓度在100～500ppm的实验范围内,催化剂中钾的存在能抑制在操作温度大于250℃后产生的反硫化,显著地提高催化剂的活性。K_2O的含量约在10～12%时为佳。XRD观察到,在硫化态的催化剂上,钾以KHSO_3的形式存在。硫化态的催化剂在TPR谱上有两个被H_2还原峰,表明了低温峰(T_m在200～250℃)为硫化物的还原,高温峰(550℃)则对应于氧化物的还原。     

载体对草酸二甲酯加氢铜基催化剂的影响

以草酸二甲酯加氢反应为基础,研究了二氧化硅载体对铜基催化剂加氢反应性能的影响。催化剂分别以气相硅溶胶、硅胶、二氧化硅为载体,采用沉淀沉积法制备了Cu/SiO2催化剂(wCu=0.20),分别记为CS1、CS2、CS3,催化剂的活性从CS3、CS2到CS1依次增加。XRD测试物相结构表明:氧化态CS2和CS3中存在CuO晶相,而氧化态CS1中活性组分呈无定形分布。还原态催化剂的XRD测试表明催化剂中有Cu2O和Cu0存在,且Cu2O/Cu0的比例按CS3、CS2、CS1顺序增加,XPS分析证实了3个催化剂表面Cu2O/Cu0的比例有相应的变化趋势。这说明Cu2O和Cu0与草酸二甲酯加氢反应活性相关,提高Cu2O的含量,可以提高催化剂的活性。     

草酸二甲酯加氢Cu/SiO2催化剂前体的研究

分别以碳酸铵和氨水为沉淀剂，硅溶胶为栽体，采用沉淀沉积法制备了Cu／SiO2(ωCu=0．20)催化剂。其中以氨水为沉淀剂通过均匀蒸氨沉淀沉积法制得的催化剂具有较高的草酸二甲酯加氢活性。通过XRD、FT—IR、热重(TG)等分析，证实了催化剂前体是一种具有矿物硅孔雀石结构的物质，它具有较高的热稳定性和低温催化活性。通过热分析和不同焙烧温度对催化剂活性的影响，得出具有硅孔雀石结构的催化剂前体在450℃焙烧后进行还原，具有较高的活性组分分散度和Cu2O含量，因而对草酸二甲酯加氢反应有较高的活性。     

C3H6和NO在Cu-Al-MCM-41催化剂上的反应和吸附行为

利用XRD、NMR、N2吸附等温线、TPD、原位红外（in situFTIR）和程序升温技术等手段考察了Cu-Al-MCM-41的结构特征、化学吸附性能和催化NO选择性还原的反应活性。经Cu离子交换的Al-MCM-41半未改变载体的结构特征,仍保持长程有序的中孔结构。C3H6和NOCu-Al-MCM-41发生竞争吸附。C3H6在反应中起双重作用：一方面,提供NO选择性还原的还原物种;由于其在催化剂上的吸附而阻抑了NO的吸附。     

Au-K/C催化剂用于乙炔氢氯化反应制氯乙烯的催化性能

采用过量溶液浸渍法制备了用于乙炔氢氯化反应的Au-/C催化剂,并对其进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和BET表征。分析结果表明,Au-/C催化剂活性组分在载体表面高度分散。在常压固定床反应器中,通过考察温度、空速和反应物配比对Au-/C催化剂活性的影响,得到了基于Au-K/C催化剂的乙炔氢氯化反应的优化条件,即：反应温度170 ℃,乙炔空速120 h-1,原料配比VHCl/VC2H2=1.10。在该条件下,对Au-K/C催化剂连续进行120 h的活性考察,结果显示催化剂活性无明显降低,乙炔转化率大于96.0%,氯乙烯选择性不低于99.5%。     

钛改性硅胶负载Cr-Mo复合乙烯聚合Phillips催化剂

Phillips催化剂(CrO_x/SiO₂)是一种重要的高密度聚乙烯工业催化剂。以钛改性硅胶作载体,制备钛改性铬钼复合Phillips催化剂(CrMo/TiSi),并考察其对乙烯聚合的催化性能。对比铬钼复合催化剂(CrMo/Si),运用程序升温还原(TPR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和密度泛函理论(DFT)计算等方法考察钛改性对铬钼双金属相互作用的影响。乙烯聚合活性和产品性能表征结果表明,钛改性后催化剂活性提高,聚乙烯分子量增大,分子量分布变宽。乙烯/1-己烯共聚产物的高温凝胶渗透色谱、高温¹³C-NMR、升温淋洗分级和连续自成核退火热分级(TREF+SSA)结果表明,钛改性复合催化剂有利于1-己烯插入,产物中高分子量部分支链含量减少。     

NH3再生对蜂窝状V2O5/ACH催化剂同时脱硫脱硝性能的影响

考察了NH3再生温度及再生次数对蜂窝状活性炭ACH担载V2O5催化剂(V2O5/ACH)同时脱硫脱硝再生性能的影响,并重点分析了NH3再生提高催化剂脱硫活性的微观机理。结果表明:在NH3(φ=0.05)/Ar气氛中于330~350℃再生70 min能使V2O5/ACH催化剂再生,且脱硝活性显著提高,脱硫活性也有所增加,其中最佳再生温度为330℃;V2O5/ACH催化剂于200℃同时脱硫脱硝反应后生成的硫酸铵盐在330~350℃可完全分解,但VOSO4却难以被还原脱除。     

CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2催化剂上CO_2/H_2低压合成CH_3OH反应的研究

研完了在2MPa压力下,CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2催化剂对CO_2/H_2合成甲醇反应的催化活性。用BET、XRD、SEM、TPR等测试方法对催化剂表面性质、晶相组成、活性规律及ZrO_2的作用进行了探讨。加入ZrO_2有助于提高活性组分的分散度和催化剂的表面积;可以大大提高催化剂的活性和CH_3OH的选择性。活性组分CuO存在表面和体相两种分散形式,且ZrO_2的含量和焙烧温度直接影响着CuO的分散量及催化剂活性以及孔容的分布。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.