p27及p16蛋白在口腔鳞癌中的表达和意义

目的 探讨p27与p16基因产物在口腔鳞癌和癌旁组织中的表达，了解p27与p16在口腔鳞癌发生中的意义。方法 采用p27与p16单克隆抗体，用免疫组化S—P法对37例口腔鳞癌组织、30例癌旁组织、10例正常口腔黏膜p27与p16的表达进行检测，结果 p27与p16表达减少与口腔鳞癌的发生和恶性程度有关。p27表达下降与临床分期有关，p16与临床分期无关。p27与p16在口腔鳞癌中表达无关，但在口腔鳞癌中表达随恶性程度的增高而降低。结论 p27与p16蛋白有可能作为有价值的标志物，在口腔鳞癌的诊断、治疗、预后判断中起辅助作用。     

p53、p21、p27、p16在口腔鳞癌中的表达及与预后的关系

目的:研究细胞周期相关蛋白p53、p21、p27、p16在口腔鳞癌组织中的表达及其与预后的相关性,寻找预后判断的有效生物标志物。方法:用免疫组织化学的方法检测随访资料完整的110例口腔鳞癌患者术后石蜡切片中p53、p21、p27、p16的表达,通过目标蛋白阳性染色细胞比例和阳性细胞中蛋白的染色强度判定各蛋白的表达水平,应用SAS 9.0软件中的Kaplan-Meier分析p53、p21、p27、p16蛋白表达水平与口腔鳞癌预后的相关性,筛选和确定与口腔鳞癌预后相关的细胞周期蛋白。结果:110例口腔鳞癌标本蛋白检测和统计分析结果表明,p53、p27、p16蛋白的表达水平与口腔鳞癌术后生存时间并无显著的相关性;p21表达与口腔鳞癌的术后生存率呈显著的相关性(P<0.05)。结论:口腔鳞癌患者癌组织标本的p21表达水平与预后呈正相关,p21有望成为口腔鳞癌预后判断的候选生物标志物。     

PTEN、p27在口腔粘膜白斑和口腔癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨抑癌基因PTEN、p2 7在口腔粘膜白斑 (oralleukoplakia ,OLK)和口腔癌 (oralsquamouscellcancer,OSCC)组织中的蛋白表达及意义。方法　应用免疫组化S -P法检测 10例正常口腔粘膜、2 5例口腔粘膜白斑 (其中白斑伴上皮异常增生 15例 ,白斑不伴上皮异常增生 10例 )及 32例口腔癌组织中抑癌基因PTEN和p2 7的蛋白表达情况。结果　正常口腔粘膜和白斑不伴上皮异常增生组织中PTEN和 p2 7蛋白全部阳性表达 ;白斑伴上皮异常增生组织中PTEN和 p2 7蛋白阳性表达率分别为93.3%、73.3%。OSCC组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率为71.9% ,其中高、中、低分化OSCC组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率分别为 85 .7%、75 %和 33.3% ,统计学分析表明PTEN在OSCC组织中的蛋白表达与组织分化程度明显相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。OSCC组织中 p2 7蛋白的阳性表达率为4 0 .6 % ,其中高、中、低分化OSCC组织中p2 7蛋白的阳性表达率分别为 4 2 .9%、4 1.7%和 33.3% ,统计学分析表明p2 7在OSCC组织中的蛋白表达与组织分化程度无明显相关 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　OSCC组织中PTEN和 p2 7蛋白的阴性表达率较高 ,说明PTEN和 p2 7基因突变或缺失在OSCC的发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制蛋白p27kipl在头颈肿瘤预后中的研究

细胞增殖是可调控的,恶性肿瘤的本质在于细胞周期调节失控,目前已发现细胞周期蛋白／细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制剂与细胞周期G1期调控有关,其中p27kipl负性调节细胞增殖,在G1期细胞增殖调节中发挥重要作用。目前研究发现p27kipl的表达与头颈部恶性肿瘤的发展、预后密切相关,是很有价值的预后预测指标。     

初步探索miR-27b-3p在普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿血管瘤过程中的作用

目的 研究miR-27b-3p在普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿血管瘤（infantile hemangioma,IH）的作用机制。方法用0、15、30、45、60、90μM普萘洛尔处理人脐静脉内皮细胞（human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVECs）,检测最佳浓度。采用实时PCR检测miR-27b-3p及凋亡因子mRNA表达,通过Western blot法检测凋亡相关蛋白表达,利用双荧光素酶报告检测miR-27b-3p与Apaf-1的靶向关系。结果 30μM普萘洛尔的最佳浓度作用后,miR-27b-3p表达下调,而Apaf-1、PARP、Caspase-9和Caspase-3表达上调,与敲除miR-27b-3p后结果相一致。上调miR-27b-3p后,细胞凋亡水平和凋亡因子表达被抑制。targetscan.org基因数据库分析发现miR-27b-3p与Apaf-1mRNA的3’UTR匹配,荧光素酶实验结果显示miR-27b-3p与Apaf-1具有靶向关系。结论 miR-27b-3p靶向抑制Apaf-1降低细胞凋亡水平,干扰普萘洛尔疗效。     

细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制蛋白p27kip1在头颈肿瘤预后中的研究

细胞增殖是可调控的,恶性肿瘤的本质在于细胞周期调节失控。目前已发现细胞周期蛋白/细胞周期蛋白 激酶抑制剂与细胞周期G_1期调控有关,其中p27kip1负性调节细胞增殖,在G_1期细胞增殖调节中发挥重要作用。目前研究发现p27kip1的表达与头颈部恶性肿瘤的发展、预后密切相关,是很有价值的预后预测指标。     

下颌联冠斜面导板矫治上牙槽骨骨折错位的应用

下颌联冠斜面导板是一种矫治前牙反简单有效的装置，多单独应用于治疗替牙期前牙反。作者将其应用于矫治外伤所致上牙槽骨骨折错位引起的反取得成功，现介绍如下。典型病例病例一陈某某，女性，１９岁。主诉：骑车跌伤后牙齿移位不能咬合２周，要求复位治疗。检查：...     

免疫反应在牙周病牙槽骨吸收中的作用

宿主的免疫炎症反应与牙周病发病密切相关,是造成牙周组织破坏的重要因素之一.牙槽骨的病理性吸收是由破骨细胞最终完成,对破骨细胞生成的免疫调节机制的探讨,将为研究牙周病的发病与治疗提供重要依据.本文对破骨细胞生成的分子调控、免疫反应对牙周病牙槽骨吸收的调节及相关研究的最新进展进行综述.     

颊粘膜鳞癌中p27^kipl基因的蛋白质表达及临床意义

目的：分析口腔颊癌癌变过程中p27蛋白表达与临床病理资料及预后的关系,阐明P27蛋白检测在颊癌诊断与治疗中的临床意义。方法：回顾性研究40例颊癌、20例白斑及7例正常颊粘膜P27蛋白表达情况,采用SP法根据染色指标计数,并利用Cox比例风险模型进行生存多因素分析,结果,P27多分布于上皮细胞核和胞浆,正常组织和不伴上皮异常增生的白斑表达最强,伴上皮异常增生的白斑及颊癌分比较好的强阳性表达较多,分化较差的颊癌P27表达最弱,甚至不表达。单因素生存分表明,P27表达,区域淋巴结和处转移与生存期显著相关,多因素Cox回归分析表明P27蛋白表达可作为辅助性颊癌预后指标,结论P27蛋白表达与口腔肿瘤的发生发展有密切关,它与肿瘤的侵袭性生长及预后密切相关,可作为一个新的辅助性预后指标。     

无牙颌下颌牙槽骨吸收的纵向研究 Ⅰ．确定牙槽骨吸收程度的方法的初步考察

通过比较１７例无牙颌患者５年前后的头侧位Ｘ线片，发现下颌角点、髁状突顶点、喙突顶点构成的三角形面积Ｓ_１５年前后变化无显著性差异，提示　的值比Ｓ_２更准确地反映牙槽骨的吸收程度。     

去势法兔骨质疏松模型中下颌牙槽骨的改变

目的：去势法建立兔骨质疏松模型并观察下颌骨的改变。方法：20只雌性新西兰兔平均随机分为两组,手术组摘除双侧卵巢,对照组行假手术。检测术前及术后3m、6m血清OC与TRAP水平、股骨与腰椎BMD。术后6m处死实验用兔,下颌骨脱矿后行组织学染色观察颏孔附近骨组织形态变化,测量下颌中切牙内侧骨层厚度及其下方内侧骨面积比。结果：手术组术后3m、6m的OC与TRAP水平均高于假手术组。股骨、腰椎BMD术后3m组无统计学差异,术后6m手术组低于假手术组。术后6m手术组松质骨内骨小梁变细,排列稀疏甚至消失。下颌中切牙内侧骨层厚度手术组为0.52mm±0.16mm,假手术组为0.85mm±0.14mm,两者差异显著（P〈0.01）;中切牙内下方骨面积比为51.7±11.6%,假手术组为82.6±9.2%,两者差异显著（P〈0.01）。结论：去势法兔骨质疏松模型成熟可靠,下颌牙槽骨表现出明显的骨质疏松样改变。     

Reliability of linear alveolar bone loss measurements of mandibular posterior teeth from digitized bitewing radiographs

Abstract. Observer reliability in performing linear measurements between the cementoenamel junction and alveolar crest was determined for mandibular posterior teeth from digitized clinical bitewing radiographs acquired during recall examinations. 6 measurements (corresponding to traditional probing measurements were made per tooth by 3 observers. Mesial and distal measurements made to the most coronal aspects of the alveolar crest were the most reliable and least biased, As was anticipated, intra-observer reliability was better than inter-observer reliability although the 3 observers of our study were able to detect a significant mean change (0.1 mm. p < 0.0001) in alveolar bone height over a 1-year period for 10 patients. For our most reliable and unbiased measurements (mesial measurements to the alveolar crest), a change of 0.54 mm (90th percentile) would be required to indicate change at a site from one time to the next. Based on the reliability of our digital radiographic measurements, with the α error rate set at 0.05 and β at 0.20. a difference in alveolar bone height of 0.3 mm could be detected with a patient sample size of between 13 (best case) and 54 (worst case).     

牙槽骨发生的研究进展

牙槽骨再生是牙周组织疾病治疗的根本。牙槽骨发生属于膜内成骨,成骨细胞来源于多潜能神经嵴牙囊间质细胞,伴随着牙体的发生而发生。牙胚由成釉器、牙乳头和牙囊组成,而牙囊则形成牙骨质、牙周膜和牙槽骨。骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）可启动、促进和调节骨的发生、发育、生长、重塑和修复。核心结合因子l可使牙囊间质细胞向成骨细胞分化,对膜内成骨和软骨内成骨有控制作用。成纤维细胞生长因子通过调控骨干细胞复制,成骨细胞分化和程序性死亡,各种细胞及相关因子的表达来控制骨形成。WNT在BMP的刺激下促进成骨细胞分化,增强BMP诱导下的I型胶原、特殊骨基质蛋白和骨钙蛋白表达。声音刺猬蛋白、转化生长因子β和肌节同源盒蛋白2在牙槽骨和牙骨质中表达强烈,其基因突变可致牙槽骨丧失。本文就牙槽骨发生与牙囊间的关系以及参与牙槽骨发生的细胞因子等研究进展作一综述。     

The effect of maximum bite force on alveolar bone morphology

Authors – Thongudomporn U, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF Objectives – To investigate to what extent maximum bite force contributes to alveolar bone morphology parameters, i.e. alveolar thickness, shape and arch width. Design – An observational cross‐sectional survey. Setting and Sample Population – One hundred and fifty one 12‐ to 14‐year‐old students from a secondary school in Hatyai City, Songkhla Province, Thailand. Material and Methods – Height, weight and maximum bite force of each subject were recorded. Alveolar bone morphology parameters were measured from study models. Results – Maximum bite force moderately correlated with alveolar thickness and shape (r = 0.31–0.44, p < 0.001), but weakly correlated with arch width (r = 0.03–0.05, p > 0.05). After adjusting for gender and body mass index (BMI), the maximum bite force significantly determined alveolar thickness and shape (p < 0.001), accounting for 10–20% of the variations. Boys were associated with larger posterior arch width (p < 0.01), where BMI was not associated with alveolar bone morphology parameters (p > 0.01) after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Conclusion – Maximum bite force had a selective influence on alveolar thickness and shape, but not on arch width.     

牙齿移动对根尖及根周硬组织的影响

目的为了观察和分析牙齿在移动过程中对牙根长度及根周硬组织的影响。方法本研究选择25名采用方丝弓矫治技术进行正畸治疗的患者,以150～180克的力推尖牙远中移动。使用德国西门子产的X线牙片机拍摄尖牙牙片,用芬兰产的Digora(DXR-40)数字化牙科扫描仪及其软件进行测量,比较尖牙移动前后的牙根长度,牙槽骨高度及牙槽骨密度。结果被矫治的尖牙在加力一个月后根尖平均吸收1.59mm,牙槽骨高度平均丧失2.59mm,牙槽骨密度平均下降14.88国际单位。结论正畸治疗过程中的矫治力可能对牙根长度产生影响,而且也可能影响牙槽骨的高度和密度。     

牙槽骨垂直牵张后骨段颊向移位牵张成骨早期的影响

目的 研究牙槽骨垂直牵张成骨后,移动骨段一步颊向移位较大距离对牵张成骨的早期影响.方法 自行研制双向牵张器.杂种犬8只,拔除双侧下颌前磨牙1个月后,骨切开放置牵张器,间歇7d后以每天1mm的速度牵张,垂直牵张高度为6mm.垂直牵张完成后,每只犬的随机一侧作为实验侧,于牵张结束后第2天一步将移动骨段颊向移位3 mm,另...     

牙槽突裂植骨前后上颌扩弓对上颌牙槽骨位移影响的三维有限元分析

目的 模拟比较牙槽突裂植骨前后上颌扩弓对上颌牙槽骨位移影响。方法 在已建立的植骨前上颌骨有限元模型上,采用ANSYS软件模拟牙槽突裂植骨,形成植骨后上颌骨模型。在2组模型上分别施加相同上颌扩弓力,观察比较牙槽骨区域三维方向位移形变情况。结果 三维方向位移量比较,植骨前扩弓组均显著大于植骨后扩弓组（P<0.05）。水平向位移：植骨前扩弓,由前向后牙槽骨区域位移量逐渐降低;植骨后扩弓,由前向后牙槽骨区域位移量逐渐升高;植骨前后扩弓健侧牙槽骨位移量均显著大于患侧（P<0.05）。垂直向位移：植骨前后扩弓,牙槽骨前内侧均向下移动,牙槽骨后外侧均向上移动。矢状向位移：植骨前扩弓,牙槽骨前内侧向前移动,后外侧向后移动,植骨后扩弓移动趋势相反。结论 单侧完全性唇腭裂患者植骨前扩弓三维方向移动均较植骨后明显,植骨前扩弓建议扩弓器适当向后移动,植骨后扩弓建议扩弓器适当向前移动并配合前牵引治疗,同时治疗中需警惕不对称扩弓及前牙开的发生。     

The effect of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hemodialysis therapy on alveolar bone and periodontium

BACKGROUND: Alveolar bone is particularly sensitive to increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from either primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of secondary HPT on the periodontium of patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: The experimental group consisted of 35 patients with secondary HPT, with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (E group). A control group (C group) was formed from 35 healthy age- and gender-matched subjects attending the maxillofacial outpatient clinic for a variety of reasons. Blood samples were taken from the E group, and the biologically active intact parathormone molecule, PTH(1-84), was assayed using two-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). The time of onset and the duration since diagnosis of HPT was also recorded. In addition, for a subgroup of 25 matched pairs of patients, a clinical periodontal examination was performed, and the Ramfjord index teeth were recorded for: Plaque index (PI); Gingival index (GI); Probing depth (PD); and Clinical attachment level (CAL). A standardized panoramic X-ray was taken from all patients and computer-based linear measurements were used to assess alveolar bone loss (BL). Unpaired Student's t-test served to compare the two groups. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to study the association between PI, PTH level, disease duration and BL. RESULTS: Demographically, both groups were similar with no statistical difference. PI was also similar in the C and E group (2.03 +/- 0.13 and 1.76 +/- 0.17, respectively). GI, however, was slightly greater in the C group (1.28 +/- 0.09) compared to the E group (0.97 +/- 0.01). PD in the E group (2.92 +/- 0.14 mm) was almost identical to that of the C group (2.90 +/- 0.12 mm). Likewise, CAL in the E group (4.43 +/- 0.29 mm) did not differ from CAL in the C group (4.03 +/- 0.25 mm). Mean BL was also similar in the E and C groups (3.60 +/- 0.23 mm and 3.85 +/- 0.24 mm, respectively). PI showed a positive, significant correlation with BL (r = 0.457, P = 0.0008). CONCLUSION: From this study it can be concluded that secondary HPT does not have an appreciable effect on periodontal indices and radiographic bone height.