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目的:了解制剂新技术在水难溶性药物中的应用研究进展。方法:根据文献,综述了水难溶性药物的增溶新技术、缓/控释制剂新技术、增溶-缓释制剂新技术等方面的研究现状。结果:增溶新技术包括合成水溶性前体药物、主药分子结构中导入亲水基团、合成磷脂复合物、加入嵌段共聚物增溶剂、制成微乳等;缓/控释制剂新技术包括骨架型制剂和渗透泵型制剂;增溶-缓释制剂新技术包括固体分散体制剂、包合物制剂和固体脂质纳米粒制剂。结论:增溶新技术、缓/控释制剂新技术、增溶-缓释制剂新技术的应用较好地改善了水难溶性药物吸收差、生物利用度低的不足,发展前景良好。 相似文献
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由于高通量筛选技术在药物开发上的广泛应用,涌现了越来越多水难溶性的新化合物.注射剂在临床治疗中发挥着重要的作用,但水溶性低却成了这些化合物开发成注射剂的一个主要难题.本文综述了微乳、亚微乳、前药、环糊精包合物、纳米混悬剂和聚合物胶束系统等在难溶性药物注射给药方面的应用,以期能通过比较各给药系统的优缺点,为产品的开发提供思路. 相似文献
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据报道,有〉70%的化学合成药物存在难溶性问题[1],约40%的新化学实体(NCEs)因其难溶性而无法进入临床试验,使其应用受到很大程度的限制[2]。口服给药不仅方便且患者顺应性高,是新药首选的给药途径之一。但对于生物药剂学分类系统中的第Ⅱ类药物(即穿膜性好,但溶解度低而言,因在胃肠道中溶解度低或溶出速率慢,可能导致口服生物利用度低。因此,解决因药物难溶性引起的口服低吸收问题,可提高这类药物的口服生物利用度。解决药物难溶性主要有两条途径:①提高溶解度,增加药物溶出:提高难溶性药物溶解度或溶出速率的常用方法有成盐、改变药物晶型、使用增溶剂或减小粒径等;②应用纳米给药系统,将药物包入载体内部,使药物以载药传递体形式被肠道吸收。 相似文献
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白蛋白作为注射用难溶性药物载体的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
白蛋白可作为一种良好的难溶性药物注射给药载体.本文介绍了白蛋白作为药物载体的优点和不同的制备方法,并概述了近年来相关产品开发以及白蛋白通过表面改性用于靶向给药的研究进展. 相似文献
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凝胶制剂作为透皮给药系统(transdermal drug delivery system,TDDS)的一种新型制剂,经皮肤给药发挥全身或局部治疗作用,有使用方便、安全性好、释药平缓持久等优势,成为近年来药物制剂研发的重点之一.但现有的大多数化合物均为难溶性药物,在凝胶制剂方面的应用受限.近年来,许多新型药物载体包括纳... 相似文献
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提高难溶性药物固体制剂溶出度的方法研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 了解提高难溶性药物固体制剂溶出度的方法,为制剂开发工作提供参考资料。方法 查阅最近10年的国内外专业文献,从制剂学的角度对提高难溶性药物固体制剂溶出度的方法研究概况进行归纳整理。结果 通过选择适当的辅料改进处方、改进工艺、采用新的制剂技术是提高难溶性药物固体制剂溶出度的有效途径。结论 提高难溶性药物固体制剂溶出度是必要的、可行的。 相似文献
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药物的衡量标准不单是外观好,更重要的是内在质量好。特别是对难溶性药物的崩解度,溶出度等指标要严格控制。本文着重从原辅料性质来探讨难溶性药物的处方设计。 相似文献
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Poor water solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is a major challenge in drug development impairing bioavailability and therapeutic benefit. This study is addressing the possibility to tailor pharmaceutical and physical properties of APIs by transforming these into tetrabutylphosphonium (TBP) salts, including the generation of ionic liquids (IL). Therefore, poorly water soluble acidic APIs (Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Naproxen, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, and Tolbutamide) were converted into TBP ILs or low melting salts and compared to the corresponding sodium salts. Free acids and TBP salts were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, DSC and XRPD, DVS and dissolution rate measurements, release profiles, and saturation concentration measurements. TBP salts had lower melting points and glass transition temperatures and dissolution rates were improved up to a factor of 1000 as compared to the corresponding free acid. An increase in dissolution rates was at the expense of increased hygroscopicity. In conclusion, the creation of TBP ionic liquids or solid salts from APIs is a valuable concept addressing dissolution and solubility challenges of poorly water soluble acidic compounds. The data suggested that tailor-made counterions may substantially expand the formulation scientist’s armamentarium to meet challenges of poorly water soluble drugs. 相似文献
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Sejal Shah Sindhuri MaddineniJiannan Lu Michael A. Repka 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2013
Melt extrusion (ME) over recent years has found widespread application as a viable drug delivery option in the drug development process. ME applications include taste masking, solid-state stability enhancement, sustained drug release and solubility enhancement. While ME can result in amorphous or crystalline solid dispersions depending upon several factors, solubility enhancement applications are centered around generating amorphous dispersions, primarily because of the free energy benefits they offer. In line with the purview of the current issue, this review assesses the utility of ME as a means of enhancing solubility of poorly soluble drugs/chemicals. The review describes major processing aspects of ME technology, definition and understanding of the amorphous state, manufacturability, analytical characterization and biopharmaceutical performance testing to better understand the strength and weakness of this formulation strategy for poorly soluble drugs. In addition, this paper highlights the potential advantages of employing a fusion of techniques, including pharmaceutical co-crystals and spray drying/solvent evaporation, facilitating the design of formulations of API exhibiting specific physico-chemical characteristics. Finally, the review presents some successful case studies of commercialized ME based products. 相似文献
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Amrit Paudel Zelalem Ayenew WorkuJoke Meeus Sandra GunsGuy Van den Mooter 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2013
Spray drying is an efficient technology for solid dispersion manufacturing since it allows extreme rapid solvent evaporation leading to fast transformation of an API-carrier solution to solid API-carrier particles. Solvent evaporation kinetics certainly contribute to formation of amorphous solid dispersions, but also other factors like the interplay between the API, carrier and solvent, the solution state of the API, formulation parameters (e.g. feed concentration or solvent type) and process parameters (e.g. drying gas flow rate or solution spray rate) will influence the final physical structure of the obtained solid dispersion particles. This review presents an overview of the interplay between manufacturing process, formulation parameters, physical structure, and performance of the solid dispersions with respect to stability and drug release characteristics. 相似文献
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Randy Mellaerts Raf Mols Jasper A.G. Jammaer Caroline A. Aerts Pieter Annaert Jan Van Humbeeck Guy Van den Mooter Patrick Augustijns Johan A. Martens 《European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics》2008,69(1):223-230
This study aims to evaluate the in vivo performance of ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) as a carrier for poorly water soluble drugs. Itraconazole was selected as model compound. Physicochemical characterization was carried out by SEM, TEM, nitrogen adsorption, DSC, TGA and in vitro dissolution. After loading itraconazole into OMS, its oral bioavailability was compared with the crystalline drug and the marketed product Sporanox® in rabbits and dogs. Plasma concentrations of itraconazole and OH–itraconazole were determined by HPLC-UV. After administration of crystalline itraconazole in dogs (20 mg), no systemic itraconazole could be detected. Using OMS as a carrier, the AUC0–8 was boosted to 681 ± 566 nM h. In rabbits, the AUC0–24 increased significantly from 521 ± 159 nM h after oral administration of crystalline itraconazole (8 mg) to 1069 ± 278 nM h when this dose was loaded into OMS. Tmax decreased from 9.8 ± 1.8 to 4.2 ± 1.8 h. No significant differences (AUC, Cmax, and Tmax) could be determined when comparing OMS with Sporanox® in both species. The oral bioavailability of itraconazole formulated with OMS as a carrier compares well with the marketed product Sporanox®, in rabbits as well as in dogs. OMS can therefore be considered as a promising carrier to achieve enhanced oral bioavailability for drugs with extremely low water solubility. 相似文献
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Duhem N Rolland J Riva R Guillet P Schumers JM Jérome C Gohy JF Préat V 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2012,423(2):452-460
The aim of this study was to develop tocol derivatives of chitosan able (i) to self-assemble in the gastrointestinal tract and (ii) to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Among the derivatives synthesized, tocopherol succinate glycol chitosan (GC-TOS) conjugates spontaneously formed micelles in aqueous solution with a critical micelle concentration of 2 μg mL−1. AFM and TEM analysis showed that spherical micelles were formed. The GC-TOS increased water solubility of 2 model class II drugs. GC-TOS loading efficiency was 2.4% (w/w) for ketoconazole and 0.14% (w/w) for itraconazole, respectively. GC-TOS was non-cytotoxic at concentrations up to 10 mg mL−1. A 3.4-fold increase of the apparent permeation coefficient of ketoconazole across a Caco-2 cell monolayer was demonstrated. Tocol polymer conjugates may be promising vehicles for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs. 相似文献
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A basic problem of poorly soluble drugs is often an insufficient bioavailability. To allow the i.v. injection of these drugs, they were formulated as nanosuspensions by high pressure homogenization. The effect of the production parameters pressure and cycle number on the mean particle size and on the polydispersity of the nanosuspension was investigated with special attention to contamination by microparticles — the limiting factor for i.v. injection. Properties of the nanosuspensions are increased saturation solubility Cs and dissolution rate dc/dt. These phenomena are explained using the Prandtl and the Ostwald–Freundlich equations. These properties promote the dissolution of the nanosuspensions in the blood after i.v. injection. The size distribution obtained and the use of an APV Gaulin homogenizer (FDA approved for parenterals) lead to a pharmaceutical product considered acceptable by the regulatory authorities. 相似文献
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M. Habib Ali Behfar MoghaddamDaniel J. Kirby Afzal R. MohammedYvonne Perrie 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2013
Liposomes are well recognised for their ability to improve the delivery of a range of drugs. More commonly they are applied for the delivery of water-soluble drugs, but given their structural attributes, they can also be employed as solubilising agents for low solubility drugs as well as drug targeting agents. To further explore the potential of liposomes as solubilising agents, we have investigated the role of bilayer packaging in promoting drug solubilisation in liposome bilayers. The effect of alkyl chain length and symmetry was investigated to consider if using ‘mis-matched’ phospholipids could create ‘voids’ within the bilayers, and enhance bilayer loading capacity. Lipid packing was investigated using Langmuir studies, which demonstrated that increasing the alkyl chain length enhanced lipid packing, with condensed monolayers forming, whilst asymmetric lipids formed less condensed monolayers. However, this more open packing did not translate into improved drug loading, with the longer chain, condensed bilayers formed from long-chain, saturated lipids offering higher drug loading capacity. These studies demonstrate that liposomes formulated from longer chain, saturated lipids offer enhanced solubilisation capacity. However the molecular size, rather than lipophilicity, of the drug to be incorporated was also a key factor dominating bilayer incorporation efficiency. 相似文献
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Poorly water soluble basic drugs are very sensitive to pH changes and following dissolution in the acidic stomach environment tend to precipitate upon gastric emptying, which leads to compromised or erratic oral bioavailability. In this work, we show that the oral bioavailability of a model poorly soluble basic drug (cinnarizine) can be improved by drug encapsulation within highly pH-responsive microparticles (Eudragit L). The latter was prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation which yielded discrete spherical microparticles (diameter of 56.4 ± 6.8 μm and a span of 1.2 ± 0.3). These Eudragit L (dissolution threshold pH 6.0) microparticles are expected to dissolve and release their drug load at intestinal conditions. Thus, the enteric microparticles inhibited the in vitro release of drug under gastric conditions, despite high cinnarizine solubility in the acidic medium. At intestinal conditions, the particles dissolved rapidly and released the drug which precipitated out in the dissolution vessel. In contrast, cinnarizine powder showed rapid drug dissolution at low pH, followed by precipitation upon pH change. Oral dosing in rats resulted in a greater than double bioavailability of Eudragit L microparticles compared to the drug powder suspension, although Cmax and Tmax were similar. The higher bioavailability with microparticles contradicts the in vitro results. Such an example highlights that although in vitro results are an indispensable tool for formulation development, an early in vivo assessment of formulation behaviour can provide better prediction for oral bioavailability. 相似文献
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Mesoporous silica‐based dosage forms improve bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs in pigs: case example fenofibrate 下载免费PDF全文
Joseph P. O'Shea Kalpa Nagarsekar Alena Wieber Vanessa Witt Elisabeth Herbert Caitriona M. O'Driscoll Christoph Saal Dieter Lubda Brendan T. Griffin Jennifer B. Dressman 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》2017,69(10):1284-1292