美国临床肿瘤学会乳腺导管原位癌保留乳房手术切缘指南

<正>尽管保留乳房治疗(breast conserving therapy,BCT)在乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)中应用广泛,但目前还没有对最佳的无瘤切缘宽度形成共识。资料显示,大约每3例行BCT的DCIS患者中就有1例需要再次手术。针对上述问题,肿瘤外科学会(Society of Surgical Oncology,SSO)、美国放射肿瘤学会(American Society for Radiation     

MRI鉴别乳腺导管原位癌与其他导管内病变的价值

背景与目的：乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)属于乳腺浸润性癌的前驱病变,是一类非全身性的导管内局部病变,与其他导管内病变在影像上存在相似之处。本研究旨在探讨乳腺MRI鉴别诊断DCIS与其他乳腺导管内病变的价值。方法：回顾性分析2011年7月—2012年2月于复旦大学附属肿瘤医院行乳腺MRI检查并经手术病理证实的DCIS患者24例、DCIS伴微浸润(breast ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion,DCIS-MI)9例、乳腺导管内乳头状瘤(breast intraductal papilloma,BIDP)20例临床资料。以DCIS为研究主体,分析3种病变MRI及动态增强表现。结果：DCIS与DCIS-MI的病灶强化形态、强化方式、时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)、病灶伪彩图像间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而DCIS与BIDP的病灶强化形态、强化方式、TIC、病灶伪彩图像间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。DCIS以导管样(8/24)及段样强化(6/24)为主、病灶伪彩图像为红色(22/24)、TIC以Ⅲ型(12/24)为主要特征性表现;BIDP以乳头后局灶性强化为主(13/20)、病灶伪彩图像为非红色(14/20)、TIC以Ⅱ型(11/20)为主要特征性表现。结论：MRI较难鉴别DCIS与DCIS-MI,但具有鉴别诊断DCIS与BIDP的价值。     

乳腺导管内原位癌诊疗进展

正乳腺导管内原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)是一种局限于导管内的异常细胞的堆积,WHO 2003版病理分类不再认为DCIS是真正的乳腺癌,而是一种浸润性乳腺癌(infiltrated breastcarcinoma,IBC)的前驱病变,部分病人可能会进展成为浸润性乳腺癌[1]。DCIS往往在乳腺筛查时     

乳腺导管内癌26例临床分析

乳腺导管内癌（ductal carcinoma in situ，DCIS）是一种非浸润性的乳腺癌，预后较好。我院1990～2006年行乳腺癌手术720例，其中乳腺DCIS26例（3．6％）均经病理学确诊，总结报道如下。     

乳腺导管内增生性病变的分类及其临床病理特点

乳腺导管内增生性病变不仅是病理诊断的难点,也是乳腺外科治疗方案选择不统一的问题所在。2003年WHO乳腺肿瘤组织学分类将其分为普通型导管增生(usual ductalhyperplasia,UDH)、平坦型上皮不典型增生(flat epithelial atypia,FEA)、不典型导管增生(atypical ductal hyperplasia,ADH)和导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)4类。UDH的细胞学及组织学构型均无不典型性,ADH仅有细胞学不典型性而无组织构型不典型性,DCIS则具有细胞学和组织构型的双重不典型性,而FEA中的少数应视为癌前病变。微小钙化是导管内增生性病变常见的X线表现形式。乳腺摄影能早期发现临床触及不到的微小癌及早期癌,尤其是DCIS,有助于临床手术范围或手术方式的选择。     

SOX10在乳腺导管上皮性病变病理诊断及鉴别诊断中的作用

目的:探讨SOX10在乳腺导管上皮普通性增生(usual ductal hyperplasia, UDH)、非典型增生(atypical hyperplasia, ADH)、导管内癌(ductal carcinoma in situ, DCIS)及不同亚型浸润性导管癌中的表达情况。方法:收集我院病理科2021年12月至2023年06月进行了SOX10免疫组化染色的乳腺标本共197例,其中UDH 48例、ADH 20例、DCIS 40例、伴大汗腺分化的癌10例、luminal A 20例、luminal B 27例、Her2过表达10例及三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast carcinoma, TNBC)22例,分析不同乳腺导管上皮性病变中SOX10的表达差异。结果:SOX10在48例UDH呈马赛克样斑驳着色,而20例ADH及40例DCIS中均不表达,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);SOX10在三阴性乳腺癌中阳性率为68.20%(15/22),而在luminal A型、luminal B型、Her2过表达型浸润性乳腺癌中均不表达,差异具有统计学意义(P...     

从对乳腺导管原位癌的认知看乳腺局部处理个体化的可能性

乳腺导管原位癌（ductal carcinoma in situ，DCIS）又称导管内癌或非浸润性导管癌，目前认为是一组表现为乳腺导管多型性增殖的病变，虽然2003年已将该组疾病划分为“癌前病变”，但由于其仍存在潜在恶性及较快速地发展成为浸润性乳腺癌的特征，所以对其治疗手段的恰当性一直存在较大争议。当乳房切除术为主导的治疗手段被保乳术替代后，     

乳腺导管原位癌诊断和治疗的研究进展

近年国内外对乳腺导管原位癌（ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)的研究进展较快，对有关其诊断和治疗的新观点进行了综述。     

乳腺导管原位癌术后全身多脏器转移一例

<正>乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)属于非浸润性乳腺癌,病理形态学表现为乳腺导管上皮细胞癌变且局限于导管的基膜内,未侵犯间质,临床发病率约占乳腺癌的10%左右~[1]。DCIS预后好,腋窝淋巴结转移率低,治疗方式以手术切除为主,部分患者术后辅助放射治疗及内分泌治疗,但是DCIS是否需要化疗目前是存在争议的。北京大学深圳医院乳腺外科收治一位DCIS术后短期内复发并全身多     

乳腺导管原位癌个体化局部治疗的研究进展和前景

乳腺X线片的广泛应用,使乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)的早期诊断率显著升高。DCIS的局部治疗模式也不断发展,从乳房切除术到乳房保留术续贯全乳放疗,再到大分割放疗及部分乳腺短程照射的应用。虽然全乳放疗疗效明确,但其在低危DCIS的应用价值仍存在争议。DCIS局部治疗的未来研究将集中于建立更精确的局部复发风险分层系统指导个体...     

Role of boost radiotherapy for local control of pure ductal carcinoma in situ after breast-conserving surgery: a multicenter,retrospective study of 622 patients

Clinical and Translational Oncology - To evaluate the effect of boost radiotherapy on ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) after breast-conserving surgery...     

Local control with conventional and hypofractionated adjuvant radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in-situ

Purpose

Adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) improves local control, however an optimal dose fractionation remains undefined. WBRT following breast-conserving surgery for invasive breast cancer demonstrates equivalent efficacy and morbidity for conventional and hypofractionated treatment. Our group policy allowed for the use of both schedules, therefore we compared local control in women with DCIS following breast-conserving surgery.

Patients and methods

Two hundred and sixty-six patients treated between January 1999 and December 2004 with conventional (50 Gy in 25 fractions) or hypofractionated (42.4 Gy in 16 fractions or 40 Gy/16 + 12.5 Gy boost) WBRT after breast-conserving surgery for DCIS were retrospectively reviewed. Median follow-up was 3.76 years (range 0.1-8.9 years).

Results

One hundred and four patients (39%) were treated with conventional and 162 (61%) with hypofractionated WBRT. The median age was 56.7 years (range 32.2-83.8 years), and prognostic features were well matched in both groups, apart from a small increase in tumour size in the conventional arm (1.75 vs. 2.12 cm, p = 0.05). Actuarial risk of recurrence at 4 years was 7% with hypofractionated WBRT and 6% with the conventional schedule (p = 0.9). Univariate analysis showed an increased risk of recurrence with high nuclear grade tumours (11% at 4 years for grade 3 vs. 4% for grade 1/2, p = 0.029).

Conclusions

Hypofractionated adjuvant WBRT following breast-conserving surgery for DCIS has comparable local control to a conventional radiation schedule. Hypofractionated WBRT is more convenient for patients, has equivalent morbidity and should be considered in this patient group.     

Radiotherapy for ductal carcinoma in situ

AimsThe introduction of breast screening mammography has led to an increase in the diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Mastectomy gives high rates of local control. However, most cases are suitable for local excision. The aim of this article is to review the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of DCIS after breast conserving surgery.Material and methodsA review of the literature relating to radiotherapy and DCISResultsThe published trials show that adjuvant radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery halves the ipsilateral recurrence rates of DCIS and invasive cancer. No subgroups have been reliably identified that do not benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. Risk factors for recurrence are discussed.DiscussionAll patients with DCIS have potential benefit to gain from adjuvant radiotherapy. However, radiotherapy also has adverse effects and represents over-treatment from many women. Support should be given to current trials which are assessing endocrine treatment of DCIS, and whether radiotherapy can reasonably be omitted in lower risk disease.     

Surgery and outcomes of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: a population-based study in Australia

We examined surgery and outcome in a population-based series of 2109 women newly diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in 1995-2000 in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The sole data source for the study was pathology records in the NSW Cancer Registry. Most DCIS was treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS); use of breast conservation increased throughout the 6 years of the study. Women who were younger, had higher grade DCIS or had larger lesions were significantly and independently less likely to have BCS than other women. Eighteen percent of women had lymph nodes removed, most often with mastectomy. The NSW Cancer Registry does not collect information about radiotherapy. Based on cancer registrations alone, 97.7% of women were free of ipsilateral invasive cancer after three years; more women who had mastectomy were cancer-free (100%) than women who had breast-conserving surgery (97.2%; P=0.05).     

T1-2N0-1M0期乳腺癌保乳术后大分割调强放疗近期临床观察

目的:观察T1-2N0-1M0期乳腺癌保乳术后大分割调强放疗的疗效、美容效果及不良反应。方法:选择2011年11月-2012年11月间就诊于山西省肿瘤医院乳腺疾病诊治中心的乳腺癌保乳患者41例,予大分割调强放疗,全乳计划靶体积43.5Gy/15次,瘤床区电子线补量8.7Gy/3次,2.9Gy/次,5次/周,疗程共24天。局部区域控制率和总生存率用Kaplan-Meier法计算。结果:中位随访时间27个月,随访率100%。3年局部区域控制率、生存率均为100%,急性放射性皮肤反应Ⅰ级4例,Ⅱ级3例;血液系统不良反应白细胞下降Ⅰ级5例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级2例;急性放射性肺炎I级2例,晚期放射性肺炎1例;患肢水肿轻度2例。放疗前、后美容效果评价优秀+良好率为95.1%、87.8%,放疗后1、3、6、12个月优秀+良好率均为90.2%。结论:早期乳腺癌保乳术后调强大分割放疗疗效和美容效果较好,且不良反应发生率低,可以缩短放疗时间。     

乳腺导管原位癌与导管原位癌伴微浸润的临床比较

目的 分析乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)及原位癌伴微浸润(DCIS-MI)患者治疗模式变化、临床特征、治疗结果及预后因素。方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院1999-2013年收治的866例女性患者资料。DCIS患者631例,DCIS-MI患者235例。用Kaplan-Meier法计算局控(LC)、无瘤生存(DFS)、总生存(OS)率,并Logrank检验和单因素预后分析。结果 DCIS及DCIS-MI两组之间OS、LC及DFS相近(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示Her-2阳性为OS及DFS影响因素,保乳未放疗患者LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术患者。结论 导管原位癌和导管原位癌伴微浸润总体生存结果类似,Her-2阳性为OS及DFS预后不良因素,保乳未放疗患者的LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术。     

放射治疗对乳腺导管原位癌保乳术后复发率的影响一项基于随机对照试验的Meta分析

  目的  用Meta分析方法评价放射治疗能否降低乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)保乳术后的复发率。  方法  计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、CochraneLibrarlv、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库, 手工检索搜集有关放疗辅助治疗DCIS的随机对照试验, 用RevMan5.0软件进行统计分析。  结果  纳入4篇随机对照试验共计2701例乳腺癌患者, Meta分析结果显示, 保乳术后联合放射治疗与单纯手术比较, 乳腺导管原位癌复发率较低, 两者相比差异有统计学意义(RR=0.45, 95%CI: 037~0.55)亚组分析均提示辅助放疗可以降低其复发率。  结论  DCIS患者保乳术后放射治疗可以降低其复发率, 高危患者可能受益更多。      

乳腺导管原位癌与导管原位癌伴微浸润的临床比较

目的 分析乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)及原位癌伴微浸润(DCIS-MI)患者治疗模式变化、临床特征、治疗结果及预后因素。方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院1999-2013年收治的866例女性患者资料。DCIS患者631例,DCIS-MI患者235例。用Kaplan-Meier法计算局控(LC)、无瘤生存(DFS)、总生存(OS)率,并Logrank检验和单因素预后分析。结果 DCIS及DCIS-MI两组之间OS、LC及DFS相近(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示Her-2阳性为OS及DFS影响因素,保乳未放疗患者LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术患者。结论 导管原位癌和导管原位癌伴微浸润总体生存结果类似,Her-2阳性为OS及DFS预后不良因素,保乳未放疗患者的LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术。     

Local and systemic outcomes in DCIS based on tumor and patient characteristics: the radiation oncologist's perspective

Four randomized clinical trials have shown unanimously the benefit of 50 Gy whole-breast radiotherapy in breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The risk of both DCIS and invasive local recurrence is reduced with about 50%, and this effect is similar for all clinical and histological subgroups analyzed. Younger age and involved margin status are the most important factors for an increased risk of local recurrence. In these subgroups, even with radiotherapy, the observed local recurrence rates are more than 20% at 10 years, which is considerably higher than reported local recurrence rates after BCT for invasive breast cancer. The optimal radiotherapy dose in BCT for DCIS has yet to be established. Also, at present, a subgroup of lesions in which the recurrence rate is so low that radiotherapy can be safely omitted has not yet been identified.