胃癌组织中CD133蛋白表达及其临床意义

目的研究胃腺癌组织中CD133蛋白表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学染色方法检测99例胃癌患者手术切除的原发灶及正常胃黏膜组织中CD133蛋白的表达,分析其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果 29例(29.29%)患者肿瘤组织中CD133蛋白表达阳性,正常胃黏膜组织中均为阴性(P=0.000)。肿瘤直径>5 cm者CD133蛋白表达阳性率显著高于≤5 cm者(P=0.041);CD133蛋白表达与TNM分期有关(P=0.044);有淋巴结转移(P=0.017)、淋巴管浸润(P=0.000)和血管浸润(P=0.000)者,CD133蛋白表达显著增高。logistic回归分析显示:肿瘤浸润深度(P=0.011)、淋巴结转移(P=0.043)和TNM分期(P=0.049)分别是CD133蛋白表达阳性的独立危险因素。CD133蛋白表达阳性患者的术后生存时间短于表达阴性患者(P=0.046)。Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示,有淋巴结转移(P=0.042)、TNM分期(P=0.046)及CD133蛋白表达阳性(P=0.046)分别是胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素。结论胃癌组织中CD133蛋白的表达与胃癌的发展、转移及预后密切相关。     

KAI1 mRNA的表达对胃癌患者的影响

目的 探讨KAI1 mRNA的表达与胃癌临床病理因素及预后的关系.方法 应用原位杂交方法,检测70例胃癌组织和18例胃良性病变组织标本中的KAl1 mRNA表达情况.结果 KAI1 mRNA在胃良性病变组织和胃癌组织中的阳性率分别为94%(17/18)、31%(22/70);KAI1 mRNA的表达受肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移的影响;随着浸润程度的加深和临床分期的增加,其阳性率逐渐下降;KAI1 mRNA表达阳性者5年生存率高于阴性者.结论 KAI1基因表达的缺失和下调可能参与了胃癌的发生和发展,可成为胃癌早期诊断及评估肿瘤恶性程度、转移潜能和预后的指标.     

CD44与CD133蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究肿瘤干细胞标志物CD44及CD133蛋白的表达与胃癌临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法应用免疫组化方法检测100例胃癌组织中CD44和CD133蛋白的表达情况,并对CD133及CD44表达与胃癌患者的临床病理资料和生存率进行统计分析。结果CD133和CD44蛋白均主要表达在细胞膜,少量在细胞浆中表达。两者的表达均与患者的年龄和性别无关（P〉0．05）,但与肿瘤的大小、组织学分化程度、血管浸润、淋巴管浸润、淋巴结转移以及pTMN分期有关,肿瘤直径越大（CD44P=0．015;CD133P=0．002）、组织学分化程度越差（CD44P=0．008;CD133P=0．019）、有血管浸润（CD44P=0．043;CD133P=0．023）、有淋巴管浸润（CD44P=0．020;CD133P=0．044）、有淋巴结转移（CD44P=0．002：CD133P=0．004）、肿瘤浸润越深（CD44P=0．006;CD133P=0．021）以及pTNM分期越高（CD44P=0．034;CD133P=0．001）,其CD44和CD133蛋白的表达阳性率越高。CD44＋CD133＋双阳性表达与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的组织学分化程度以及血管浸润均无关（P〉0．05）,但与肿瘤大小、淋巴管浸润、肿瘤T分期、N分期以及pTNM分期有关,其中,肿瘤直径越大（P=0．010）、有淋巴管浸润（P=0．003）、有淋巴结转移（P=0．045）、肿瘤浸润越深（P=0．041）以及pTNM分期越高（P=0．049）,其CD44＋CD133＋双阳性表达率越高。单因素生存分析结果显示,淋巴结转移（P〈0．001）、TNM分期（P=0．013）、CD44蛋白阳性表达（P=0．005）、CD133蛋白阳性表达（P=0．002）以及CD44＋CD133＋双阳性表达（P〈0．001）和患者的3年生存率均有关。Spearman等级相关分析结果表明,CD44蛋白的表达与CD133蛋白的表达呈正相关（r=0．207,P=0．039）。logistic回归分析提示CD44＋CD133＋蛋白双阳性表达是淋巴结转移（P=0．038）的独立危险因素。Cox风险回归多因素生存分析显示,淋巴结转移（P=0．006）以及CD44和CD133蛋白的共表达（P=0．003）是影响胃癌患者术后生存的独立预后因素。结论CD44和CD133可作为胃癌干细胞的肿瘤标志物;CD44与CD133蛋白的共表达是影响胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素,与患者预后密切相关,其表达水平越高,预后越差。     

胃癌组织中CD44v6和CyclinD1蛋白的表达特点及意义

探讨胃癌组织中的白细胞分化抗原分化群44(CD44v6)、细胞周期蛋白D1(CyclinD1)的表达及其意义。选取河南省信阳市中心医院2016年1月—2018年3月获取的90例胃癌组织标本(胃癌组)、45例胃癌癌旁组织标本(癌旁组),采用免疫组织化学染色技术检测两组标本中的CD44v6蛋白、CyclinD1蛋白表达情况,并分析不同病灶直径、组织学分化程度、淋巴结转移情况、TNM分期胃癌组织中的CD44v6蛋白、CyclinD1蛋白阳性表达率差异。胃癌组的CD44v6蛋白、CyclinD1蛋白阳性表达率分别为67.78%、62.22%,均高于癌旁组的24.44%、17.78%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);在不同组织学分化程度、不同TNM分期、是否发生淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中的CD44v6蛋白阳性表达率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);不同TNM分期、是否发生淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中的CyclinD1蛋白阳性表达率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。CD44v6、CyclinD1蛋白在胃癌组织中呈高表达,并且与胃癌的发生发展关系密切。     

胃癌中RhoC和CD44v6及ICAM-1的表达及其相关性的初步研究

目的探讨RhoC、CD44v6和ICAM-1在胃癌中的表达及其相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学SABC法检测RhoC、CD44v6和ICAM-1在40例胃癌组织的表达情况,结合其临床病理学资料,分析它们之间的相关性。结果RhoC、CD44v6和ICAM-1的表达与肿瘤细胞分化、浸润深度无关(P>0.05),但与淋巴结转移、PTNM分期具有相关性(P<0.05)。RhoC与CD44v6和ICAM-1的表达存在相关性(分别为r=0.355,P=0.006;r=0.354,P=0.003)。当RhoC为阳性,CD44v6和ICAM-1两者之一为阳性时,对预测胃癌淋巴结转移的灵敏性和特异性分别为93.8%和62.5%。结论RhoC、CD44v6和ICAM-1的阳性表达预示胃癌具有较强的侵袭转移能力,可作为预测胃癌转移潜能的生物学指标。联合检验以上3种指标有望成为预测胃癌淋巴结转移的又一种有价值的手段。     

胃癌组织中CD133的表达及其临床意义

目的研究胃癌组织中CD133表达的相互关系,重点明确术前、术后外周血单核细胞中CD133mRNA表达的临床意义及其与胃癌原发灶CD133表达的关系。方法 50例胃癌、10例胃溃疡穿孔及10名健康自愿者入组研究。胃癌患者术前和术后1周抽外周静脉血各4 ml,密度梯度离心法分离单核细胞,半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测CD133 mRNA表达水平。胃溃疡穿孔患者术前抽外周静脉血、健康自愿者抽晨血各4 ml。胃癌原发灶及癌旁正常胃黏膜组织分别行RT-PCR、免疫组织化学染色检测CD133 mRNA和蛋白的表达。分析CD133表达对各临床病理特征和预后的影响。结果健康自愿者及术前胃溃疡患者及胃癌患者外周血中CD133 mRNA的半定量值分别为0.029±0.060、0.059±0.099及0.270±0.163(P=0.000)。胃癌患者术前外周血CD133 mRNA表达与肿瘤组织分化程度、淋巴管浸润、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期均有关(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,胃癌患者术前外周血中CD133 mRNA半定量值与淋巴结转移率(rs=0.422,P=0.002)、癌转移淋巴结枚数(rs=0.398,P=0.004)呈正相关,并与胃癌原发灶中CD133 mRNA的表达呈正相关(rs=0.337,P=0.017)。胃癌原发灶中CD133蛋白表达阳性者,术前外周血中CD133 mRNA的半定量值较CD133蛋白表达阴性者高(Z=-2.539,P=0.011)。50例胃癌患者行胃癌根治术后1周,其外周血中CD133 mRNA半定量值明显高于术前CD133 mRNA的表达水平(P=0.021)。胃癌浸润深度较深者,术后CD133 mRNA表达升高更明显(Z=-1.978,P=0.039)。术后外周血中CD133 mRNA高表达者较低表达者预后更差(χ2=6.193,P=0.013)。结论胃癌患者术前外周血高表达CD133 mRNA,其与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴管浸润、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期及胃癌原发病灶CD133蛋白表达有关,且与淋巴结转移率、癌转移淋巴结枚数及胃癌原发灶中CD133 mRNA的表达呈正相关。术后患者外周血中CD133 mRNA半定量值较术前明显升高,这一升高提示肿瘤浸润程度较深,患者预后较差。     

KAI1/CD82蛋白表达与肝细胞癌侵袭转移

目的　探讨KAI1/CD82蛋白表达与人肝细胞癌侵袭转移的关系。方法　构建肝癌组织芯片 ,收集肝细胞癌及癌旁肝组织 15 5例 ,癌栓 2 2例 ,肝内转移癌 4例 ,肝外转移癌 16例。正常对照肝组织 5例。应用免疫组织化学方法检测肝癌组织芯片中样本KAI1/CD82蛋白的表达。结果6 1% (95 /15 5 )肝细胞癌原发灶表达KAI1/CD82蛋白 ,仅有 32 % (7/2 2 )癌栓呈阳性表达 (P <0 0 5 )。不伴有肝外转移、肝内转移及癌栓形成肝细胞癌中KAI1/CD82蛋白表达率分别高于伴有肝外转移 (P =0 0 38)、肝内转移 (P <0 0 1)及癌栓形成者 (P <0 0 1)。KAI1/CD82蛋白在包膜完整与无包膜 (P <0 0 5 )、癌灶直径 <5cm与直径≥ 5cm(P <0 0 1)及血清AFP <4 0 0 μg/L与AFP≥ 4 0 0 μg/L (P =0 0 36 )肝细胞癌中表达率差异亦有显著意义。结论　肝细胞癌KAI1/CD82蛋白表达丧失可能与癌灶侵袭转移有关     

穿通支原体感染与胃癌和结直肠癌组织分化以及浸润转移的关系

目的 探讨穿通支原体（MPe）感染与胃癌和结直肠癌组织分化及浸润转移的关系。方法对122例胃肠癌患者（65例胃癌,57例结直肠癌）与80名对照者分别进行MPe分离鉴定和PCR核实。MPe检出结果与组织分化和浸润转移之间关系的比较分析采用x^2检验。结果胃癌组MPe检出率（41／65,63．1％）与胃溃疡组（1／20,5％）比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=38．2,P〈0．01）;结直肠癌组MPe检出率（33／57,57．9％）与结直肠息肉组（1／20,5％）比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=21．2,P〈0．01）;MPe阳性胃癌组低分化检出率以及浸润程度与MPe阴性组比较差异均有统计学意义（,值分别为33．4和25．0,P值均〈0．01）;MPe阳性结直肠癌组低分化检出率以及第三站淋巴转移率与MPe阴性组比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=34．4,P〈0．01）。结论胃癌和结直肠癌的组织分化、浸润及转移与MPe感染密切相关。     

Slit2和Robo1蛋白表达与胃癌关系的临床研究

目的：研究胃癌组织中神经迁移因子Slit2与受体Robo1的表达，探讨两者与胃癌生物学行为和血管生成的关系。方法：免疫组织化学SP法检测54例胃癌组织及28例癌旁组织中Slit2蛋白和Robo1蛋白的表达水平，观察不同临床病理学行为下Slit2蛋白和Robo1蛋白的表达变化；检测．CD34标记的微血管密度（microvessel density，MVD），研究在胃癌组织中MVD与Slit2蛋白和Robo1蛋白的关系。结果：Slit2蛋白和Robo1蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为63．0％和77．8％，在癌旁组织中的阳性表达率分别为3．6％和10.7％，两种组织中Slit2蛋白和Robol蛋白的表达水平差异有统计学意义（X^2=26．586，P〈0．01；X^2=33．491，P〈0．01）。胃癌组织中MVD显著增高（t=19．562，P〈0．01）。Slit2蛋白表达水平与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、淋巴结转移和远处转移相关；Robo1蛋白表达水平与肿瘤大小、浸润深度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关。Slit2与Robo1 阳性表达呈正相关（r=0．4202，P〈O．01）。Slit2和Robo１表达阳性者MVD显著增高（f=2．256，P〈０．05；t＝2．631，P〈０．05）。结论：Slit2及其受体Robo１在胃癌组织中表达增加，与肿瘤的侵袭和转移密切相关，其机制可能是Slit2／Robo１信号途径能促进肿瘤血管生成。     

合并胃周软组织转移胃癌的临床病理特征及预后

目的 分析合并胃周软组织转移胃癌的临床病理特征及其对预后的影响.方法 接受根治性手术的胃癌患者共1025例,依胃周软组织转移情况分为转移组(334例)、非转移组(691例),比较两组的临床病理参数及预后.结果 非转移组的近端、中部、远端为主的胃癌及全胃癌分别占25.8％、22.0％、51.4％和0.9％,转移组分别占33.2％、21.3％、41.3％和4.2％,转移组的近端为主癌及全胃癌的比例显著升高(P =O.000);转移组肿瘤直径≥5 cm者占47.3％,显著高于非转移组的27.0％(P=0.000);转移组浸润深度达T4者占40.7％,显著高于非转移组的10.3％(P=0.000);转移组淋巴结转移度在21％ ～40％及41％ ～100％者分别占24.4％、37.3％,非转移组分别为12.9％、10.8％,差异有统计学意义(P =0.000);转移组远处转移者占20.1％,显著高于非转移组的4.1％ (P=0.000);转移组Borrmann浸润型者占82.1％,显著高于非转移组的64.6％(P=0.000);转移组肿瘤低分化或未分化癌占78.7％,显著高于非转移组的64.2％ (P =0.000);转移组血清CEA阳性者占21.2％,显著高于非转移组的11.4％ (P =0.000).COX回归分析表明浸润深度、脏器侵犯、淋巴结转移度、M分期、Borrmann分型、胃周软组织转移结节为胃癌的独立预后因素.转移组较非转移组预后不良(P=0.000).分层分析表明,无论肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移度、血清CEA值、Borrmann分型、分化程度如何,转移组的预后均不良(P＜0.01).无远处转移时,转移组预后不良(P =0.000);合并转移时,两组中位生存期相比差异无统计学意义(P =0.076).结论 胃周软组织转移是胃癌进展中的常见事件,多发生在肿瘤直径≥5 cm、邻近脏器浸润、淋巴结转移度≥21％、合并远处转移、Borrmann浸润型、低或未分化癌、血清CEA阳性患者.胃周软组织转移为胃癌的独立预后因素.     

Presenteeism and Absenteeism Before and After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAbsenteeism is costly, yet evidence suggests that presenteeism—illness-related reduced productivity at work—is costlier. We quantified employed patients’ presenteeism and absenteeism before and after total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsWe measured presenteeism (0-100 scale, 100 full performance) and absenteeism using the World Health Organization’s Health and Work Performance Questionnaire before and after TJA among a convenience sample of employed patients. We captured detailed information about employment and job characteristics and evaluated how and among whom presenteeism and absenteeism improved.ResultsIn total, 636 primary, unilateral TJA patients responded to an enrollment email, confirmed employment, and completed a preoperative survey (mean age: 62.1 years, 55.3% women). Full at-work performance was reported by 19.7%. Among 520 (81.8%) who responded to a 1-year follow-up, 473 (91.0%) were still employed, and 461 (88.7%) had resumed working. Among patients reporting at baseline and 1 year, average at-work performance improved from 80.7 to 89.4. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that postoperative performance was significantly higher than preoperative performance (P < .0001). The percentage of patients who reported full at-work performance increased from 20.9% to 36.8% (delta = 15.9%, 95% confidence interval = [10.0%, 21.9%], P < .0001). Presenteeism gains were concentrated among patients who reported declining work performance leading up to surgery. Average changes in absences were relatively small. Combined, the average monthly value lost by employers to presenteeism declined from 15.3% to 8.3% and to absenteeism from 16.9% to 15.5% (ie, mitigated loss of 8.4% of monthly value).ConclusionAmong employed patients before TJA, presenteeism and absenteeism were similarly costly. After, employed patients reported increased performance, concentrated among those with declining performance leading up to surgery.     

The German emergency and disaster medicine and management systemdhistory and present

As well for optimized emergency management in individual cases as for optimized mass medicine in disaster management, the principle of the medical doctors approaching the patient directly and timely, even close to the site of the incident, is a long-standing marker for quality of care and patient survival in Germany. Professional rescue and emergency forces, including medical services, are the “Golden Standard” of emergency management systems. Regulative laws, proper organization of resources, equipment, training and adequate delivery of medical measures are key factors in systematic approaches to manage emergencies and disasters alike and thus save lives. During disasters command, communication, coordination and cooperation are essential to cope with extreme situations, even more so in a globalized world. In this article, we describe the major historical milestones, the current state of the German system in emergency and disaster management and its integration into the broader European approach.     

Differences in Osteocyte Density and Bone Histomorphometry Between Men and Women and Between Healthy and Osteoporotic Subjects

Bone defects related to osteoporosis develop with increasing age and differ between males and females. It is currently thought that the bone remodeling process is supervised by osteocytes in a strain-dependent manner. We have shown an altered response of osteocytes from osteoporotic patients to mechanical loading, and osteocyte density is reduced in osteoporotic patients, which might relate to imperfect bone remodeling, leading to lack of bone mass and strength. Hence, information on osteocyte density will contribute to a better understanding of bone biology in males and females and to the assessment of osteoporosis. Osteocyte density as well as conventional histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone were determined in cancellous iliac crest bone of healthy postmenopausal women and men and of osteoporotic women and men. Osteocyte density was higher in healthy females than in healthy males and lower in osteoporotic females than in healthy females. Bone mass was reduced in osteoporotic patients, both male and female. In females, trabecular number was reduced, whereas in males, trabecular thickness was reduced and eroded surface was increased. There were no correlations between the parameter groups bone architecture, bone formation, bone resorption, and osteocyte density. These results are consistent with impaired osteoblast function in osteoporotic patients and with a different mechanism of bone loss between men and women, in which osteocyte density might play a role. The reduced osteocyte numbers in female osteoporotic patients might relate to imperfect bone remodeling leading to lack of bone mass and strength. M. G. Mullender and S. D. Tan contributed equally to this work.     

肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI及病理表现

目的探讨肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI和病理特点。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤和2例肝内胆管囊腺癌的影像及临床病理资料，将病变的影像表现与其病理大体形态及组织学表现作对照分析。结果6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤，女4例、男2例；2例肝内胆管囊腺癌均为女性病人；8例病人平均年龄55岁。所有病灶均表现为多房囊性肿块，肿瘤囊腔各分房内常为多种液体成分，在CT上可表现为不同密度、在MRI上可表现为不同信号强度。囊内出现多发大小不等的壁结节在胆管囊腺癌内更常见，囊内有分隔但无壁结节只见于胆管囊腺瘤。在7例CT扫描中，4例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌可见囊壁或分隔上钙化，囊壁、囊内分隔及囊内结节均为轻、中度延迟增强。肿瘤中出现卵巢样间质见于3例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌，且均为女性病人。结论肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌是肝脏不常见的囊性肿瘤，影像上多房、囊内有分隔且各分房囊内密度或信号不一致，高度提示肝内胆管囊腺瘤或囊腺癌的诊断，如囊内伴有多发大小不等的结节，则进一步提示囊腺癌的可能。但影像学表现不能区分肿瘤中有无卵巢样间质。