手助腹腔镜与开腹脾切除、贲门周围血管离断术的临床分析

Objective To investigate the changes in liver function and the efficacy of either hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) or open splenectomy (OS) in combination with pericardial devascularization in the treatment of portal hypertension. Methods The clinical data of 94 patients who received splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization to treat portal hypertension due to cirrhosis from Jan 2002 to May 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. 56 patients received OS and 38patients HALS. The operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, liver dysfunction and mortality were analyzed according to the Child's grading. Results There was no difference in the operating time between HALS and OS (P＞0. 05). The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were 5.6% and 10.8%, respectively (P＜0. 05). There was no significant difference in the serum ALT between HALS and OS, but there was a significant difference in the ALB (P＜0. 05). The AST also had a significant difference on postoperative day 5 (P＜0. 05). The serum ALT and AST were elevated after HALS, but there was a significant difference only for AST (P＜0.05). The serum ALT and AST in OS were significantly higher after than before operation (P＜0. 05). The serum ALB in OS was significantly lower after operation (P＜0.05), but it was significantly lower only on postoperative days 1 and 3 (P＜0.05) in HALS. Conclusions Compared with OS, HALS combined with pericardial devascularization caused less damage to the intestinal tract and the liver function. It is a feasible and safe operation and it had fewer postoperative complications.     

Peptide-based enteral formula improves tolerance and clinical outcomes in abdominal surgery patients relative to a whole protein enteral formula

AIM To compare a dipeptide- and tripeptide-based enteral formula with a standard enteral formula for tolerance and nutritional outcomes in abdominal surgery patients.METHODS A retrospective study was performed to assess the differences between a whole-protein formula(WPF) and a dipeptide- and tripeptide-based formula(PEF) in clinical outcomes.Seventy-two adult intensive care unit(ICU) patients with serum albumin concentrations less than 3.0 g/d L were enrolled in this study.Patients were divided into two groups(WPF group = 40 patients,PEF group = 32 patients).The study patients were fed for at least 7 d,with ≥ 1000 m L of enteral formula infused on at least 3 of the days.RESULTS The mean serum albumin level on postoperative day(POD) 10,prealbumin levels on POD-5 and POD-10,and total lymphocyte count on POD-5 were significantly higher in the PEF group compared to those in the WPF group(P 0.05).The average maximum gastric residual volume of the PEF patients during their ICU stays was significantly lower than that for WPF patients.CONCLUSION Dipeptide- and tripeptide-based enteral formulas are more efficacious and better tolerated than wholeprotein formulas.     

半肝血流阻断技术用于肝硬化肝癌的肝切除

Objective To evaluate the significance of hemihepatic vascular occlusion with extrahepatic control of major hepatic veins for hepatectomy in cirrhotic carcinoma. Methods A retrospective comparative study for hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) using Pringle maneuver (groupA,n=44),hemihepatic vascular occlusion(group B,n=76) and hemihepatic vascular occlusion plus extrahepatic control of major hepatic veins(group C,n=85)were made from March 2006 to September 2008.The amount of intraoperative bleeding,time of operation,postoperative liver function,liver function recovering and complications were compared.Results There was significant difference in the amount of intraoperative blood loss between the three groups(543.7 ml、415.8 ml、324.5 ml,respectively,F=98.96,P<0.001).There was no difference in the time of operation.The level of serum alanine transaminase(ALT) and that of serum bilirubin on the 3rd and 6th day postoperatively in group B,and C was significantly lower than that in group A.Conclusions Hemihepatic vascular occlusion with control of major hepatic veins results in selective liver isolation from the systemic circulation,which is more effective than Pringle maneuver for controlling intraoperative bleeding without interruption of hemodynamic stability in liver cancer patients.     

半肝血流阻断技术用于肝硬化肝癌的肝切除

Objective To evaluate the significance of hemihepatic vascular occlusion with extrahepatic control of major hepatic veins for hepatectomy in cirrhotic carcinoma. Methods A retrospective comparative study for hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) using Pringle maneuver (groupA,n=44),hemihepatic vascular occlusion(group B,n=76) and hemihepatic vascular occlusion plus extrahepatic control of major hepatic veins(group C,n=85)were made from March 2006 to September 2008.The amount of intraoperative bleeding,time of operation,postoperative liver function,liver function recovering and complications were compared.Results There was significant difference in the amount of intraoperative blood loss between the three groups(543.7 ml、415.8 ml、324.5 ml,respectively,F=98.96,P<0.001).There was no difference in the time of operation.The level of serum alanine transaminase(ALT) and that of serum bilirubin on the 3rd and 6th day postoperatively in group B,and C was significantly lower than that in group A.Conclusions Hemihepatic vascular occlusion with control of major hepatic veins results in selective liver isolation from the systemic circulation,which is more effective than Pringle maneuver for controlling intraoperative bleeding without interruption of hemodynamic stability in liver cancer patients.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

术前口服葡萄糖水对肠道手术围手术期胰岛素抵抗及血浆蛋白的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of oral intake of glucose solution before surgery on the pH at the lower esophagus,perioperative blood glucose level,and plasmic protein in patients undergoing radical resection for colorectal cancer.Methods Between January 2008 and December 2008,60 patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer were enrolled and randomized into three groups using the table of random digits.Four patients were withdrawn from the study.Patients in group A (n=19) were given 800 ml of 12.5% glucose solution for oral intake the night before surgery,and 200 ml two hours before surgery.Patients in group B (n=19) were given distilled water instead of glucose.Patients in group C (n=18) were asked to fast for 8-12 hours before operation.Combined general and epidural anesthesia was used.pH at the lower esophagus was monitored during intubation and extubation.Albumin,transferrin,prealbumin,insulin,and fasting blood glucose were measured before surgery and at postoperative day 1,3,and 7.Results pH at the lower esophagus was 8.05±0.43 in group A,7.98±0.41 in group B,and 7.94±0.41 in group C.There were no perioperative acid regurgitations (P＞0.05).Serum insulin in group A at postoperative day 1 was (16.32±16.11) μU/L,which was significantly lower than that in group B (30.65±41.74)μU/L and group C (34.01 ±52.91 ) μU/L.Log HOMA-IR in group A at postoperative day 1 was significantly lower than that in group B and group C (0.49±0.35 vs.0.59±0.56 and 0.60±0.63,P＜0.05).Transferrin in group C at postoperative day 3 and 7 was significantly lower than that in the other two groups,as was albumin at postoperative day 3(P＜0.05).Conclusion Oral liquid intake 2 hours before surgery is not associated with increased risk of regurgitation or aspiration during intubation and extubation,and may glucose solution intake reduce insulin resistance and protein degradation after colorectal surgery.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

快速康复外科在腹腔镜直肠癌TME保肛术中的应用效果

目的评价快速康复外科在接受择期手术的腹腔镜直肠癌TME保肛术中应用的安全性和有效性。方法将入选的91例拟接受择期腹腔镜手术的直肠癌患者分为快速康复组（FTS组）和传统治疗组（对照组）,FTS组44例,对照组47例。FTS组围手术期接受快速康复方案处理,对照组接受传统的围手术期处理。观察术后首次排气时间、术后住院时间、住院总费用、术后并发症,以及术前、术后血清学指标。数据资料采用t检验和X2检验。结果两组患者均痊愈出院。FTS组患者与对照组相比,首次排气时间提前、术后的住院时间缩短、住院总费用减少,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后并发症发生率没有增加（P〉0．05）。两组患者的炎性因子指标在术后均升高,但两组升高水平无显著差异（P〉0．05）。FTS组术后空腹血糖水平升高较对照组低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论快速康复外科模式在接受择期腹腔镜直肠癌TME保肛术中安全可行,加快了患者术后康复,缩短了术后住院时间,降低了医疗费用,并且有效地控制了术后高血糖。     

"Fast-Track" for laparoscopic-assisted rectum resection--what can be achieved? First results of a feasibility study

AIM: "Fast-track" multimodal rehabilitation is increasingly entering the perioperative management strategies in colon surgery aiming at minimized perioperative morbidity and accelerated recovery. So far little is known about the complementary effects of minimally invasive surgery along with "fast-track" rehabilitation in the treatment of rectal cancer. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the influence of "fast-track" perioperative management on morbidity, recovery and length of hospital stay in laparoscopically-assisted rectum resections and to compare those data to earlier results. METHODS: An interdiciplinary "fast-track" multimodal rehabilitation strategy with avoidance of mechanical bowel cleansing, with a restrictive intravenous intra- and postoperative fluid regimen, forced mobilisation, and early enteral nutrition was introduced into clinical practice and applied in 16 laparoscopically-assisted rectum resections. Data were collected in the course af a prospective analysis. The mean patient age was 62 (42-79) years. RESULTS: Mean time of surgery was 245 (SD 46) min, and the mean intraoperative infusion rate was 11.2 (SD 2.6) ml/kg/BW. On day 2, 14 of the 16 patients tolerated solid food and 12 patients had had bowel movements. All patients returned to their initial body weight by day 4. The median postoperative hospital stay was 7.5 days (6-20), 12 patients were discharged between day 6 and 8. Two patients were readmitted for intestinal atony, one patient developed an anastomotic leakage. CONCLUSIONS: "Fast-track" rehabilitation is feasible in rectum surgery and seems to complement the beneficial effects of minimally invasive surgery without increasing the complication rate.     

“快通道”外科理念指导下腹腔镜手术治疗老年结直肠癌的临床研究

目的:比较"快通道"外科指导下腹腔镜手术与单纯应用腹腔镜手术及应用"快通道"外科理念的常规开腹手术治疗65岁以上老年结直肠癌患者的有效性、安全性,评估"快通道"外科理念联合腹腔镜手术促进老年结直肠癌患者术后恢复的协同作用。方法:将94例65岁以上老年结直肠癌患者随机分为开腹(open surgery,OP)组、开腹+快通道(open surgery plus fast-track surgery,OPFT)组、腹腔镜(laparoscopy surgery,LAP)组及腹腔镜+快通道(laparoscopy surgery plus fast-track surgery,LAPFT)组。比较患者基线特征、手术效果、术后安全性指标。结果:LAP组与LAPFT组在术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后排便时间、术后阿片类镇痛药物使用时间方面均优于OP组、OPFT组(P0.05),而手术时间明显延长(P0.01)。OPFT组术后首次排便时间、术后阿片类镇痛药物使用时间、住院时间短于OP组(P0.05)。LAP组、LAPFT组术后切口感染率明显低于OP组、OPFT组(P0.01),其他并发症发生率及术后30 d内死亡率各组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于老年结直肠癌患者,腹腔镜术中应用"快通道"外科指导的围手术期处理可加快术后康复且不增加术后短期并发症发生率,是安全、有效的治疗措施。     

肝外伤术后肠内营养对肝功能的影响

目的 探讨肝外伤术后肠内营养对肝功能的影响.方法 将2005年7月至2011年3月收治65例肝外伤患者分成两组,30例术后接受肠内营养(EN组),35例术后行肠外营养(PN组),观察两组患者营养状况和肝功能恢复情况差异.结果 术后第1天两组患者营养状况及急性肝损伤指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后第8天EN组各项指标基本达到正常值,而PN组反映肝脏功能的指标ALT、AST和PT检验值偏高,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明肠内营养更有利于肝功能恢复.61例患者得到随访(93.8%),随访时间于术后3～12个月,平均6个月,术后3个月肝功能基本恢复,两组间营养状况及肝功能的差异无统计学意义.结论 肝外伤术后早期使用肠内营养是一种经济、有效的营养支持手段,是改善术后肝损害的重要举措.     

结石性胆囊炎腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术的对照研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)与开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)治疗结石性胆囊炎的疗效及并发症.方法:将343例结石性胆囊炎患者分为两组,220例行LC,123例行OC,观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛时间、肛门排气、术...     

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目的：比较肠外营养与肠内营养对胃癌病人术后细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：45例胃癌病人随机分为2组，其中肠外营养（PN）组23例，肠内营养9EN）组22例。术后第1天开始行肠外或肠内营养支持，时间1周，检测术前和术后第8天外周血T淋巴细胞亚群（CD3^ 、CD4^ 、CD8^ ）和NK细胞活性等细胞免疫指标。结果：PN组术后CD3^ 、CD4^ 水平和NK细胞活性明显下降，CD8^ 水平明显升高；而EN组术后CD3^ 、CD4^ 、CD8^ 水平和NK细胞活性与术前相比无显著性变化。结论：肠外营养对胃癌病人术后细胞免疫功能无明显改善作用，而肠内营养有明显的细胞免疫增强作用，可有效地纠正胃癌病人术后细胞免疫抑制状态。     

联合营养支持疗法对食管癌患者围手术期营养状况改善的效果

目的观察联合营养支持疗法对轻中度营养不良食管癌患者围手术期营养改善的效果。 方法运用患者总体主观评分法(PG-SGA)筛选轻、中度营养不良食管癌患者172例,并采用随机数字法分成观察组和对照组,每组86例。观察组术前3 d进行肠内营养治疗,术后第1天给予肠内外营养支持治疗;对照组术后第3天给予肠内营养治疗。比较两组患者的围手术期营养状态(术后第7天)、胃肠功能、并发症发生情况及患者满意度。 结果术后第7 d,观察组血清前白蛋白和白蛋白水平分别为(34.33±3.32)g/L和(33.68±4.12)g/L,显著高于对照组的(31.23±3.41)g/L和(31.32±3.37)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组肠鸣音恢复时间和肛门排气时间分别为(61.53±6.37)h和(66.69±9.47)h,显著短于对照组的(82.31±8.24)h)和(113.24±12.38)h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组和对照组术后并发症发生率比较的差异无统计学意义(8.14% vs 9.30%,P>0.05);观察组术后患者满意度优秀率为89.53%,显著高于对照组的61.63%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论术前营养干预联合术后早期肠内外营养支持治疗,能显著改善食管癌患者围手术期的营养状态,促进胃肠道功能恢复,提高患者满意度。     

结直肠癌患者术后早期给予肠内营养的随机对照研究

目的：探讨结直肠癌患者术后早期给予肠内营养的安全性和有效性。方法前瞻性纳入2013年3-12月间青岛大学医学院附属医院普通外科收治的88例结直肠癌患者,按随机数字表法分为早期肠内营养组（43例,术后早期开始进食水和肠内营养制剂）和早期禁食组（45例,常规早期禁食方案）。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、并发症发生率、营养状况及应激等指标。结果与早期禁食组相比,早期肠内营养组患者术后发热时间缩短[（53．7±5．9） h比（64．5±5．8） h],排气时间提前[（57．5±8．2） h比（71．8±7．2） h],住院时间缩短[（6．9±1．4） d比（8．5±1．9） d],治疗费用减少[（41868±3168）元比（45950±3714）元]（均P＜0．01）。两组患者术后并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义[18．6％（8/43）比22．2％（10/45）, P＞0．05]。早期肠内营养组患者术后第3和第7天白蛋白、前白蛋白和视黄醇结合蛋白水平明显高于早期禁食组,而静息能量消耗和胰岛素抵抗指数明显低于早期禁食组（均P＜0．05）。结论结直肠癌患者术后早期给予肠内营养安全有效,符合人体生理性营养吸收途径,可改善术后营养状况,降低应激反应,促进患者康复。     

肝移植术后早期肠内营养降低终末期肝病患者移植术后感染发生率的研究

目的探讨肝移植术后早期肠内营养对患者感染发生率的影响。 方法收集2012年6月至2015年1月于本中心行肝移植手术的全部病例,进行前瞻性队列研究。共有177例患者参与研究,其中60例在术后24 h内开展肠内营养,辅以肠外营养（试验组）;117例早期予以全肠外营养,直至患者肛门排气后开始肠内营养（对照组）。根据患者术前的MELD评分进行分级,观察早期肠内营养对不同MELD评分的患者肝移植术后感染的影响。 结果177例患者中共有106例（59.9%）发生术后感染。性别、MELD评分与早期肠内营养3个变量为影响总感染率的独立危险因素（P=0.027、0.045、0.000）。早期肠内营养可以降低11≤MELD评分≤20患者的术后感染发生率（P=0.014）。随着MELD评分增加,早期肠内营养对感染发生率的影响逐渐缩小。 结论早期肠内营养可降低中度终末期肝病患者肝移植术后感染发生率。     

胃癌患者术后早期肠内营养对临床结局的影响

目的观察术后早期肠内营养对胃癌患者临床结局的影响。方法将2010年7月至2011年5月间青岛大学医学院附属医院收治的60例胃癌患者按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组．每组30例。试验组患者术后早期少量多次进水加肠内营养制剂,对照组患者术后采用传统围手术期治疗方案。比较两组患者临床结局、术后免疫功能及营养状况。结果试验组与对照组患者术后发热时间[（81．1±6．4）h比（87．3±8．0）h,P〈0．05]、排气时间[（79．9±9．5）h比（86．6±8．7）h,P〈0．05]和住院时间[（7．83±2．23）d比（9．57±1．96）d,P〈0．01]比较,差异均有统计学意义;治疗费用分别为（30．22±3．22）千元和（34．60±32．12）千元,差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;两组术后并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义[13．3％（4／30）比16．7％（5／30）,P〉0．05]。术后第3和第7天,试验组患者CD3＋、CD4＋、NK细胞、CD4／CD8、白蛋白和前白蛋白水平均明显高于对照组（均P〈0．05）,而CD8＋细胞显著下降．与对照组比较．差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论术后早期经口进食肠内营养制剂能够改善胃癌患者术后营养状况以及免疫功能,促进肠道功能早期恢复。