谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1基因多态性与宫颈癌易感性Meta分析

目的:探讨谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1基因多态性与宫颈癌发病风险的关系。方法:通过检索中国期刊网、维普科技期刊数据库、万方数据和外文数据库等数据库共纳入9项研究,采用Meta分析方法研究谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1基因多态性与宫颈癌遗传易感性的关系。采用RevMan 4.2.8软件进行统计分析。结果:宫颈癌组(1 233例)谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1缺失型明显高于对照组(1415例)(P<0.05),相对危险度及95%可信区间为1.33[1.01,1.74],无发表偏倚。结论:谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1基因多态性与宫颈癌易感性相关,具有该基因缺失型的个体患宫颈癌的危险性增高。     

Brassiere wearing and breast cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate existing evidence for the association between different type of brassiere exposures and the risk of breast cancer. METHODS: Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, Pubmed, Scopus, Proquest, Sciencedirect, Wiley Online Library, WanFang Data, Hong Kong Index to Chinese Periodicals, China Journal Net, Chinese Medical Current Contents, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Academic Journals Full-Text database, Taiwan Electronic Periodical Services and HyRead; reference lists of published studies; original research studies published in English or Chinese examining the association between type and duration of brassiere-wearing and breast cancer risk. Data were abstracted by a first reviewer and verified by a second. Study quality was rated according to predefined criteria. “Fair” or “good” quality studies were included. Results were summarised by meta-analysis whenever adequate material was available. RESULTS: Twelve case-control studies were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed brassiere wearing during sleep was associated with a two times of increased odds. CONCLUSION: The present review demonstrates insufficient evidence to establish a positive association between the duration and type of brassiere wearing and breast cancer. Further research is essential; specifically, a large-scale epidemiological study of a better design is needed to examine the association between various forms of brassiere exposure in detail and breast cancer risk, with adequate control of confounding variables.     

系统评价宫颈癌术前应用新辅助化疗的临床价值

目的系统评价新辅助化疗用于宫颈癌手术治疗前的临床价值。方法网上检索MEDLINE、PUBMED、ELSEVIER Science Direct、CNKI、CBMdisc、Cochrane Library and EMBASE,获取全文。筛选临床研究文献,试验组是新辅助化疗联合手术,对照组是直接手术,提取用于评价的指标包括：淋巴结转移、脉管浸润、间质浸润、切缘阳性率、3年生存率（OS）、3年无瘤生存率（DFS）、5年生存率、5年无瘤生存率,并进行Meta分析。结果新辅助化疗组与对照组相比,淋巴结转移的HR和95％CI分别为（0．52,0．42～0．64,P〈0．0001）,间质浸润的分别为（0．41,0．32～0．55,P〈0．0001）,脉管浸润的分别为（0．25,0．16～0．38,P〈0．0001）,切缘阳性率的分别为（0．44,0．22—0．87,P=0．02）,差异均有统计学意义;3年0S的HR和95％CI分别为（1．11,0．85～1．46,P=0．46）,3年DFS的分别为（1．45,1．10～1．91,P=0．008）,5年OS的分别为（1．11,0．87—1．40,P=0．40）,5年DFS的分别为（1．33,1．05～1．77,P=0．04）,3年DFS和5年DFS的差异有统计学意义,而3年OS和5年OS的差异无统计学意义。结论宫颈癌术前应用新辅助化疗能减少预后不良相关病理因素,对改善患者的生存可能有益。     

The association between miR-146a gene rs2910164 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk: A meta-analysis

PurposeStudies have demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs may lead to varying functional outcomes by altering miRNAs expression, even leading to the development of cancers. The association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miR-146a rs2910164 and susceptibility to gastric cancer has been studied during the recent years, but the results are still inconclusive and inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer.Materials and methodsThe databases of PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science were searched for suitable studies. A total of 8 published case–control studies on miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk including 4308 cases and 6370 controls were included.ResultsOverall, significant association was observed between rs2910164 and gastric cancer risk in allele model (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02–1.21); homozygote model (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10–1.43) and dominant model (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.09–1.34). Stratified analysis by ethnicity showed significant association between rs2910164 polymorphism and gastric cancer susceptibility in Asians (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.00–1.23 for G vs. C; OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.09–1.43 for GG vs. CC; OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07–1.33 for GG vs. GC+CC, respectively). When stratified by genotyping methods and sample size, increased gastric cancer risk was only observed with the method by TaqMan and the sample size more than 1000.ConclusionIn summary, this meta-analysis indicated that miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to gastric cancer, especially in Asian population.     

脂肪酸的摄入与子宫内膜癌相关性的荟萃分析

目的: 系统评价脂肪的摄入与子宫内膜癌发病风险间的相关性。方法: 采用计算机检索PubMed、Web of science、EMbase、CBM、维普数据库、万方数据库,查找有关脂肪酸摄入与子宫内膜癌发病风险间相关性的流行病研究,文献检索时限至2016年6月止。所有文献均由2位研究者严格地按照纳入和排除标准筛选和提取,采用Stata 11.0软件分别对总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸及单一不饱和脂肪酸进行荟萃分析。结果: 最终纳入16篇研究,共6 480个研究对象。结果显示,与低摄入量人群相比,高总脂肪[OR=1.22,95%CI为1.02~1.46）、高饱和脂肪酸（OR=1.21,95%CI为1.00~1.47）摄入均增加了子宫内膜癌的发病危险。在亚型分析中,病例对照组合并OR值后亦显示,高总脂肪（OR=1.39,95%CI为1.14~1.70）、高饱和脂肪酸（OR=1.34,95%CI为1.13~1.60）摄入增加了子宫内膜癌的发病危险;在队列研究中未发现总脂肪酸水平与子宫内膜癌发病间具有相关性。在美国（OR=1.39,95%CI为1.00~1.93）的高能量饮食摄入人群（OR=2.17,95%CI为1.57~2.99）和吸烟人群（OR=1.30,95%CI为1.04~1.62）中,饱和脂肪酸高摄入均增加了子宫内膜癌的发病风险。结论: 病例对照研究显示,高摄入总脂肪及饱和脂肪酸升高了子宫内膜癌的发病风险。美国的高能量饮食摄入人群及吸烟人群中,饱和脂肪酸高摄入增加子宫内膜癌的发病风险。但尚未发现不饱和脂肪酸与子宫内膜癌发生间存在相关性。仍需纳入更多的流行病学研究,以探讨脂肪摄入与子宫内膜癌间的相关性。     

Periodontal disease is associated with increased coronary heart disease risk: A meta-analysis based on 38 case-control studies

AIM: To investigate whether periodontal disease (PD) is associated with increasing coronary heart disease (CHD) risk by performing a meta-analysis. METHODS: Two authors independently searched PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure up to January 10^th, 2013 for relevant case-control studies that investigated the association between PD and CHD. After quality assessment using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and data extraction by two independent authors, the overall and subgroup meta-analyses were performed and publication bias were examined using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V2 software. Potential publication bias was assessed using visual inspection of the funnel plots, Egger linear regression test, and trims and fill method. RESULTS: Finally 38 relevant case-control studies were identified, involving 4950 CHD patients and 5490 controls. Eleven studies were rated low quality and 27 were high quality. Based on random-effects, a significant association was identified between PD and CHD (OR 3.79, 95%CI: 2.23-6.43, P < 0.001, I² = 98.59%), and sensitivity analysis showed that this result was robust. Subgroup analyses according to adjusted/unadjusted ORs, source of control, methodological quality, end point, assessment of PD/CHD, and ethnicity also indicated a significant association. Publication bias was detected, and the estimated OR including the “missing” studies did not substantially differ from our estimate with adjustment for missing studies (OR 4.15, 95%CI: 2.62-6.54, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the meta-analysis, PD is probably associated with CHD risk independently and significantly.     

高血压病主要危险因素的Meta分析

目的研究中国居民高血压病的主要影响因素,探讨预防对策。方法通过检索中国知网收集2000年至2011年4月发表的所有与高血压病危险因素相关的病例对照研究,并采用Meta分析方法对纳入研究的结果进行定量合并分析,计算其合并危险因素暴露的比值比(OR值)及95%可信区间(CI)。结果共纳入11篇文献,研究了饮酒、吸烟、体质指数(BMI)、高血压家族史、盐摄入量、文化程度、经济状况等危险因素与高血压病之间的联系。其中BMI、高血压家族史、盐摄入量、吸烟、饮酒、经济状况与高血压病相关,其OR(95%CI)分别为2.45(2.09,2.87)、2.01(1.92,2.11)、1.68(1.23,2.28)、1.58(1.50,1.66)、2.17(2.04,2.31)及2.57(1.89,3.48)。结论 BMI、高血压家族史、盐摄入量、吸烟、饮酒、经济状况与高血压病相关,是高血压病发生的主要危险因素。     

Association between cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT1) gene polymorphism and cancer risk: A meta-analysis

Background

The serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT1) is the key enzyme in the folate metabolic pathway to provide one-carbon unit that plays an important role in biosynthesis. Abnormal biosynthesis involved in DNA synthesis and methylation can lead to activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. And the abnormal biosynthesis is closely related to a variety of common tumors’ occurrence and development. A SNP in SHMT1 C1420T may effect the procession of biosynthesis and finally influence cancer occurrence.

Methods

Comprehensive searches were performed on PubMed and EMBASE database. We used odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the strength of associations between SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism and cancer risk. Q-test, I², and funnel plot were used to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias.

Results

Totally, 19 studies containing 9799 cases and 11,841 controls were performed in this meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no association between SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism and cancer risk. But in the subgroup analysis, the significant associations were found in colorectal cancer and Asian population. Publication bias was not observed in the analysis.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism do not have a significant association with the risk of cancer overall. Otherwise, SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism may have a protective effect on colorectal cancer and Asian population.     

Clinical significance of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 expression in resected non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUNDThe clinical significance of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing surgery remains unclear up to now.AIMTo explore the relation of BRCA1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and survival in patients with resected NSCLC. METHODSEMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify the relevant articles. To assess the correlation between the expression of BRCA1 and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with resected NSCLC patients, the combined relative risks or hazard ratios (HRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were estimated. RESULTSTotally, 11 articles involving 1041 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the expression of BRCA1 was significantly correlated with prognosis of resected NSCLC. Positive BRCA1 expression signified a shorter overall survival (HR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.25-2.05; P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.42-2.23; P < 0.001). However, no significant association of BRCA1 expression with any clinicopathological parameters was observed.CONCLUSIONBRCA1 expression indicates a poor prognosis in resected NSCLC patients. BRCA1 might serve as an independent biomarker to predict clinical outcomes and help to customize optimal adjuvant chemotherapy for NSCLC patients who had received surgical therapy.     

阴道超声检查对宫颈癌诊断价值的Meta分析

目的 系统评价阴道超声诊断女性宫颈癌的临床价值。方法 检索CNKI、VIP、WangFang、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库和人工检索相关中文期刊,收集阴道超声与金标准(病理活检)比较诊断宫颈癌的诊断性试验。根据制定的纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选和提取数据,对纳入的文献使用QUADAS工具评价方法学的质量;采用Meta-DiSc 1.4软件对敏感性(SEN)、特异性(SPE)、阳性似然比(+LR)、阴性似然比(-LR)、诊断比值比(DOR)进行异质性检验和数据合并分析,并绘制受试者曲线(SROC)和计算曲线下面积(AUC)。结果 最终纳入25篇文献,2333例研究对象,Meta分析结果：合并SEN=0.90,[95%CI (0.88,0.91)];合并SPE=0.95,[95%CI (0.93,0.96)];合并+LR=10.88,[95%CI (5.47,21.63)];合并-LR 0.13,[95%CI (0.09,0.18)];合并DOR= 105.99,[95%CI (44.07,254.89)];合并AUC为0.9590;Q_^*指数为0.9031。结论 阴道超声对宫颈癌的临床诊断有较高的敏感性(90%)和特异性(95%),对常规筛查和临床诊断具有重要的价值。由于研究的样本量和质量的限制,本研究结论尚需进行大样本量和高质量的研究加以客观验证。     

白细胞介素6基因多态性与冠心病易感性的Meta分析

目的对白细胞介素(IL)6基因多态性与亚洲人冠心病的关联性进行Meta分析。方法检索PubMed、Elsevier Science Direct、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库和中国期刊全文数据库,收集探讨IL-6基因多态性与冠心病关联性的病例对照研究,剔除不符合要求的研究,应用RevMan4.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共11个研究(1821例病例和2453例对照)符合纳入标准。11个研究包括8个在中国,1个在韩国,1个在日本和1个在印度。IL-6基因三个多态性(-572C/G,-174G/C和-634C/G)适合进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示在亚洲人中-572C/G多态性和冠心病之间存在关联(GvsC,P=0.00;CG+GGvsCC,P<0.01;GGvsCC+CG,P=0.00;GGvsCC,P=0.00;CGvsCC,P<0.01)。对于-634C/G多态性,Meta分析也显示了类似的关联(GvsC,P=0.01;CG+GGvsCC,P=0.24;GGvsCC+CG,P=0.00;GGvsCC,P=0.00;CGvsCC,P=0.83)。但在亚洲人中-174G/C多态性和冠心病之间无关联(P>0.05)。结论亚洲人中IL-6基因-572C/G和-634C/G多态性与冠心病之间存在关联,而-174G/C多态性和冠心病之间无关联。     

宫颈人乳头瘤状病毒感染危险因素的研究进展

宫颈癌是全球女性发病率和病死率居于第4位的癌症,是目前唯一可以预防的癌症。持续性的高危型HPV感染是宫颈癌发生的必要不充分条件。发现并深入了解HPV感染的危险因素,对高危人群进行密切随访或严格筛查,从而降低宫颈癌的发生和发展。现有研究发现,年龄、吸烟、多个性伴侣等是HPV感染的危险因素,另外也有研究发现不同避孕方式、代谢综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、饮食、教育方式等与HPV感染有明显的相关性。因此,重视和加强对女性高危人群的筛查和宣传教育,可促进宫颈癌防治工作的发展。     

Effect of various kinds of cervical spinal surgery on clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The choice of a specific surgical technique should be based on its benefits and harms. Previous reviews have shown that the benefit of surgery over conservative care is not clearly demonstrated in patients with disorders of the cervical spine. Also, no additional benefit of fusion upon anterior decompression techniques could be found. A clear overview of other surgical techniques is lacking. We therefore aimed to assess the benefits and harms of cervical spinal surgery in patients with cervical disorders.     

The risk assessment tool for intensive care unit readmission: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo review and evaluate existing risk assessment tools for intensive care unitreadmission.MethodsNine electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Sino Med, CNKI, VIP, and Wan fang) were systematically searched from their inception to September 2022. Two authors independently extracted data from the literature included. Meta-analysis was performed under the bivariate modeling and summary receiver operating characteristic curve method.ResultsA total of 29 studies were included in this review, among which 11 were quantitatively Meta-analyzed. The results showed Stability and Workload Index for Transfer: Sensitivity = 0.55, Specificity = 0.65, Area under curve = 0.63. And Early warning score: Sensitivity = 0.78, Specificity = 0.83, Area under curve = 0.88. The remaining tools included scores, nomograms, machine learning models, and deep learning models. These studies, with varying reports on thresholds, case selection, data preprocessing, and model performance, have a high risk of bias.ConclusionWe cannot identify a tool that can be used directly in intensive care unit readmission risk assessment. Scores based on early warning score are moderately accurate in predicting readmission, but there is heterogeneity and publication bias that requires model adjustment for local factors such as resources, demographics, and case mix. Machine learning models present a promising modeling technique but have a high methodological bias and require further validation.Implications for clinical practiceUsing reliable risk assessment tools is essential for the early identification of unplanned intensive care unit readmission risk in critically ill patients.  A reliable risk assessment tool must be developed, which is the focus of further research.     

Statin use and risk of liver cancer: A meta-analysis of 7 studies involving more than 4.7 million patients

AIM: To pool data currently available to determine the association between statin use and the risk of liver cancer. METHODS: A computerized literature search was conducted to identify those relevant studies between January 1966 and March 2013. Stata 11.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, Texas) was used for statistical analyses. Pooled relative risk (RR) estimates with 95%CI were calculated for overall analysis and subgroup analyses, using the random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneities between studies were evaluated by Cochran’s Q test and I² statistic. The Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s regression asymmetry test were used to detect the publication bias. RESULTS: Seven studies were included in our meta-analysis according to the selection criteria, including four cohort studies and three case-control studies. These studies involved 4725593 people and 9785 liver cancer cases. The overall analysis showed that statin use was statistically associated with a significantly reduced risk of liver cancer (random-effects model, RR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.49-0.76, P < 0.001; fixed-effects model, RR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.57-0.71, P < 0.001); however, significant heterogeneity was found between studies (Cochran’s Q statistic = 19.13, P = 0.004; I² = 68.6%). All subgroup analyses provided supporting evidence for the results of overall analysis. Begg’s (Z = 0.15, P = 0.881) and Egger’s test (t =-0.44, P = 0.681) showed no significant risk of having a publication bias. CONCLUSION: Statin use was associated with the reduced risk of liver cancer. To clearly clarify this relationship, more high quality studies are required.     

Association between BRCA1 rs799917 polymorphism and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis of 19,878 subjects

Studies investigating the association between the BRCA1 rs799917 polymorphism and breast cancer risk have reported controversial results. In order to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis. A total of 8 articles comprising 19,878 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by Stata 11 software. Heterogeneity tests were conducted by Q test with I² value, and publication bias assessment was performed by Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test. The pooled results did not show any sufficient evidence approving the association between the BRCA1 rs799917 polymorphism and breast cancer risk in total population (T vs C: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.97–1.06; TT vs CC: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.93–1.13; CT vs CC: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.92–1.16; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.94–1.15; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.94–1.12). In the further subgroup analyses, no significant associations were found in any comparison models according to ethnicity and source of controls. No publication bias was observed in this meta-analysis. In summary, based on the overall results, this meta-analysis strongly suggests that the BRCA1 rs799917 polymorphism is not associated with breast cancer risk.     

Risk factors for loneliness in patients with cancer: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo systematically review the literature on the severity and risk factors for loneliness in adult cancer patients.MethodsWe systematically reviewed quantitative studies addressing loneliness in cancer patients. Exclusion criteria were absence of a validated loneliness questionnaire, and studies that focused on loneliness determined by specific circumstances, and not cancer in general (e.g. appearance concerns, cultural and language barriers, requiring palliative care). We searched PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Pubmed in compliance with the predefined in- and exclusion criteria. The search, quality appraisal, and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Weighted mean scores were calculated by using random effects adjusted inverse variance weighting.ResultsWe included 15 studies. In 13 studies the UCLA loneliness scale was used (range 20–80; higher scores indicate higher loneliness). The weighted mean loneliness score was 38.26 (95% CI: 35.51–41.00), which corresponds to moderate loneliness. Time since diagnosis was positively associated with degree of loneliness. Other cancer-related factors, such as cancer site, treatment type, or stage of disease were not associated with loneliness. The non-cancer related determinants of loneliness in cancer patients that emerged from our review were being unmarried (people who have never been married, are widowed or divorced), and lack of psychological or social support.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the level of loneliness rises with increasing time after cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, social functioning emerged as a consistent theme, for which it was shown that lack of social support was associated with increasing levels of loneliness.     

Up-regulated microRNA-155 expression is associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in tumor development and progression. The purposes of the study was to investigate the role of miR-155 in cervical cancer.MethodsQuantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine miR-155 expression in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The association with overall survival of patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to suppress miR-155 expression in cervical cancer cells. In vitro assays were performed to further explore the biological functions of miR-155 in cervical cancer.ResultsWe found that miR-155 expression was markedly up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues and correlated with FIGO stage, lymph nodes metastasis, vascular invasion and HPV. Patients with high miR-155 expression level had poorer overall survival than those with low miR-155 expression. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that increased miR-155 was an independent prognostic indicator for cervical cancer (P = 0.007; HR = 2.320; 95%CI: 1.259–4.276). Moreover, knockdown of miR-155 was demonstrated to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro.ConclusionOur study presents that miR-155 is a novel molecule involved in cervical cancer progression, which provide a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.