超临界CO2流体萃取延胡索中延胡索乙素的正交试验研究

目的探索延胡索中延胡索乙素超临界CO2流体萃取(SFE-CO2)的最佳工艺条件.方法以延胡索乙素转移率为指标,考察超临界CO2流体压力、温度、夹带剂用量对萃取效果的影响.结果最佳工艺条件为:压力15Mpa,温度40℃,夹带剂为药材1.5倍量的95%乙醇.结论该工艺稳定可行,具有操作温度低、耗能低、时间短、有效成分含量高、无有机残留等优点.     

超临界CO2萃取藁本中有效部位的研究

目的:研究超临界CO2流体萃取藁本中有效部位的工艺。方法:以阿魏酸含量为指标,采用均匀设计法研究萃取压力、萃取温度、解析温度、提取时间对超临界CO2流体萃取藁本中有效部位的影响。结果:提取藁本中有效部位的最佳SFE-CO2萃取条件为:夹带剂为50%药材量的乙醇(m l/g)、萃取压力为40Mpa、萃取温度为50℃、解析压力为6Mpa、解析温度为50℃,提取时间为3.5h。结论:优选得到的工艺具有较高的提取率,该工艺合理、可行。     

超临界CO2流体萃取莪术油的工艺研究

目的优化超临界CO2流体萃取莪术挥发油的工艺参数。方法以莪术挥发油中莪术醇的含量为指标,运用气相色谱法测定莪术醇含量,采用正交试验法考察CO2超临界流体萃取的影响因素(萃取温度、萃取时间、萃取压力,夹带剂(95%乙醇)用量),确定其较佳工艺水平。结果超临界CO2流体萃取莪术醇的最佳工艺为萃取温度55℃,萃取压力25 Mpa,提取时间1 h,夹带剂(95%乙醇)用量10%。结论超临界流体萃取分离莪术中莪术挥发油是可行的。     

SFE-CO2萃取滇丹参中总丹参酮成分工艺研究

目的:探讨从滇丹参中提取总丹参酮成分的工艺。方法:采用超临界二氧化碳(SFE-CO2)萃取法,并与传统醇提相比较。结果:SFE-CO2萃取的最佳工艺为压力15Mpa,夹带剂为95%乙醇,萃取温度35℃,萃取时间3h,夹带剂加入量250ml,CO2流量为25L/h。结论:用SFE-CO2萃取滇丹参中总丹参酮其提取率高于传统醇提,具有应用价值。     

黄芪甲苷的提取新工艺研究

目的:探索CO2超临界萃取法提取黄芪甲苷的可行性及最佳工艺.方法:以黄芪甲苷总量为指标,运用CO2超临界萃取法,研究超临界萃取温度、压力、时间、萃取剂流速和夹带剂量对提取率的影响,并与水提法比较.结果:CO2超临界萃取法提取黄芪甲苷的最优工艺条件为萃取压力40 Mpa,温度45℃,萃取时间2小时,夹带剂为95%乙醇,夹带剂量4 ml(95%乙醇)/g(干黄芪粉),CO2流量10 kg/kg·h.结论:CO2超临界萃取法提取黄芪甲苷方法稳定、提取率高,工艺可行.     

超临界二氧化碳萃取迷迭香中二萜酚类成分的工艺研究

目的:探索利用超临界二氧化碳流体萃取(SFE-CO2)技术从迷迭香中萃取二萜酚类成分的工艺条件。方法:采用正交试验进行工艺研究,并与传统提取方法相比较。结果:SFE-CO2的最佳工艺为压力20Mpa,夹带剂为95%乙醇,萃取温度30℃,萃取时间1h,夹带剂加入量600ml,CO2流量为30L/h。结论:SFE-CO2技术萃取迷迭香中二萜酚类的提取率可达3.791%,所得萃取物杂质较少,二萜酚成分含量高于传统方法,具有应用价值。     

超临界CO2萃取番荔枝种子中布拉他辛的工艺研究

目的:筛选超临界CO2流体萃取番荔枝种子中布拉他辛的最佳工艺条件。方法:用HPLC法测定布拉他辛的含量,并采用正交试验优化超临界CO2流体萃取布拉他辛的工艺条件。结果:超临界CO2流体萃取布拉他辛的最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力为30MPa,萃取温度为35℃,萃取时间为2h,夹带剂(无水乙醇)用量为0.3mL/g。结论:超临界CO2流体萃取法可有效提取番荔枝种子中的布拉他辛,该方法切实可行。     

活血消肿颗粒超临界CO2流体萃取当归等挥发性成分的研究

目的:优选超临界CO2流体萃取当归等挥发性成分的最佳提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验设计方法,选择对萃取过程有显著影响四个主要因素萃取压力(A)、萃取温度(B)、萃取时间(C)和夹带剂浓度(D),进行L9(34)正交实验设计,以三次实验总得油率和作为考察指标。结果:萃取温度、萃取时间、夹带剂浓度对提取挥发性成分的影响显著,萃取压力无显著影响。结论:最佳萃取条件为萃取压力为25MPa,温度40℃;萃取时间为2.5h,夹带剂为60%乙醇。     

均匀设计法优化超临界二氧化碳萃取川东獐牙菜总酮工艺的研究

目的 探讨超临界CO_2流体萃取川东獐牙菜中总(口山)酮的最佳工艺条件.方法 以总(口山)酮的含量为指标,采用均匀设计法对影响萃取结果的主要因素进行考察.结果 夹带剂流速对萃取结果影响最为显著.最佳萃取工艺参数为:萃取压力35 Mpa,萃取温度50℃,乙醇浓度100%,夹带剂流速4.5 ml·min~(-1),萃取率达到0.425%.结论 超临界CO_2流体萃取川东獐牙菜总(口山)酮是一种切实可行的方法.所得萃取产物中酮的含量高,萃取时间短,操作简便.     

超临界CO2萃取峨眉桃叶珊瑚中桃叶珊瑚苷工艺条件研究

目的优选超临界CO2萃取峨眉桃叶珊瑚中桃叶珊瑚苷的工艺条件。方法采用超临界CO2萃取法,并与回流提取法进行比较。结果在分离压力6.5MPa,分离温度55℃,控制CO2的流速为25.0L/h,以95%乙醇作为夹带剂,萃取压力20Mpa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间1h,为最佳萃取工艺条件,桃叶珊瑚苷的萃取收得率为2.85%。结论超临界CO2萃取峨眉桃叶珊瑚中桃叶珊瑚苷方法简便、提取率较高,可推广使用。     

4种药用真菌发酵对番荔枝种子总内酯成分的影响

目的:观察4种药用真菌发酵番荔枝种子后,番荔枝总内酯含量的变化.方法:将番荔枝种子作为“药性基质”,在一定的条件控制下,使其被灵芝菌等4种药用真菌发酵,产生不同的“药性菌质”,采用反相高效液相色谱法对各组的总内酯成分变化进行比较,用紫外-可见分光光度法对种子发酵前后的总内酯含量进行检测.结果:在一定的时间范围内,D,V,F菌在番荔枝种子基质上的适应性良好,菌丝体生长旺盛.4种菌发酵之后的菌质中总内酯含量与生药材、发酵空白组比较均有明显的升高,同时伴随峰的消失和相对峰值的变化,各菌发酵品中12,15-cis-squamostatin-A及布拉他辛(bullatacin)的含量较发酵空白组显示不同程度地变化.结论:发酵后,4种“药性菌质”中总内酯含量明显升高,内酯的相对含量发生变化,间双四氢呋喃(THF)及邻双THF内酯含量有不同程度地改变,提示真菌发酵可能利于某种类型番荔枝内酯的富集.     

番酯素诱导人肺癌A549细胞凋亡及其分子机制的实验研究

目的研究番酯素抑制人肺腺癌细胞A549增殖和诱导凋亡的作用及其机制。方法①MTT法观察番酯素对人肺腺癌A549细胞株、人肺腺癌NCI-H460细胞株体外增殖的影响;②流式细胞仪检测番酯素对细胞凋亡的影响。结果番酯素在体外对人肺腺癌细胞A549有一定的抑制作用,且这种抑制作用具有量-效关系,剂量越大,抑制作用越强;细胞经过番酯素处理72 h后,与对照组比较,番酯素各剂量线细胞均出现不同程度的凋亡,且总凋亡随着剂量的增加而增加。结论番酯素具有抑制人肺腺癌细胞A549增殖的作用,可以诱导其凋亡。     

基于UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS分析刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分

目的利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分进行定性分析。方法采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T 3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水(A)和乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,进样量2μL,在电喷雾正负离子模式下采集数据。经Reaxys数据库检索番荔枝属类化合物信息,通过质谱信息比对各化合物的m/z值、保留时间、质谱特征碎片等,并结合文献数据对鉴定的化合物进行验证。结果根据各化合物的特征裂解规律,从刺果番荔枝叶中共鉴定出45个化合物,包括16个生物碱类,14个番荔枝内酯类,7个黄酮类和8个其他类化合物,其中以番荔枝内酯类和生物碱类成分居多,与文献报道番荔枝内酯与生物碱类化合物是发挥抗癌的主要活性成分一致。结论利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶中的化学成分进行了快速、准确的定性分析,为刺果番荔枝叶的提取分离与药效物质基础的研究提供依据。     

Cytotoxic bistetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins from the seeds of Annona squamosa

Three new bistetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins (1-3) were isolated from a 95% EtOH extract of Annona squamosa seeds. Four known annonaceous acetogenins, uvarigrandin A (4), bullatacin (5), squamostatin-A (6), and squamostatin-D (7), were also isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations of the carbinol centers of 1-3 were defined by application of the Mosher method. These compounds all exhibited significant cytotoxic activity in vitro against five human tumor cell lines.     

New annonaceous acetogenins from the roots of Uvaria calamistrata

Five new annonaceous acetogenins, calamistrins C-G (1-5), were isolated from an ethanolic extract of the roots of Uvaria calamistrata. Compounds 1-3 were mono-THF ring acetogenins; compounds 4 and 5 were bis-THF acetogenins, with the THF rings from C-18 to C-25. The absolute configurations of 3, 4, and 5 as well as the partial absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by (13)C NMR spectroscopy and advanced Mosher methodology.     

New cytotoxic monotetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins from Annona muricata

Three new monotetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins, muricin H (1), muricin I (2), and cis-annomontacin (3), along with five known acetogenins, annonacin, annonacinone, annomontacin, murisolin, and xylomaticin, were isolated from the seeds of Annona muricata. Additionally, two new monotetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins, cis-corossolone (4) and annocatalin (5), together with four known ones, annonacin, annonacinone, solamin, and corossolone, were isolated from the leaves of this species. The structures of all new isolates were elucidated and characterized by spectral and chemical methods. These new acetogenins exhibited significant activity in in vitro cytotoxic assays against two human hepatoma cell lines, Hep G(2) and 2,2,15. Compound 5 showed a high selectivity toward the Hep 2,2,15 cell line.     

Mono-tetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa as cytotoxic agents and calcium ion chelators

Eight new mono-tetrahydrofuran (THF)-type annonaceous acetogenins, squafosacins B, C, F, and G (1-4), squadiolins A-C (5-7), and cis-annotemoyin-1 (8), as well as eight known annonaceous acetogenins, glabranin, annotemoyins-1 and -2, bullatencin, cis-bullatencin, and uvariamicins-I, -II, and -III, were isolated from the seeds of Annona squamosa by HPLC. The structures of all new isolates were elucidated by using spectroscopic and chemical methods. Squadiolins A (5) and B (6) showed ng/mL potency against human Hep G2 hepatoma cells and significant cytotoxic activity against human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Squafosacin B (1) also exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against human Hep G2 and 3B hepatoma and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In addition, the chelation of mono-THF acetogenins with calcium ions was investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry.     

Novel cytotoxic annonaceous acetogenins from Annona muricata

Seven new annonaceous acetogenins, muricins A-G (1-7), as well as five known compounds, a mixture of muricatetrocin A (8) and muricatetrocin B (9), longifolicin (10), corossolin (11), and corossolone (12), were isolated from the seeds of Annona muricata. The structures of all isolates were elucidated and characterized by spectral and chemical methods. These acetogenins showed significantly selective in vitro cytotoxicities toward the human hepatoma cell lines Hep G(2) and 2,2,15.     

超临界CO2流体萃取山茱萸中熊果酸的研究

目的研究超临界CO2萃取山茱萸中熊果酸的工艺条件。方法探讨萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、CO2流量、夹带剂类型及用量对熊果酸收率的影响,确定了超临界CO2萃取山茱萸中熊果酸的适宜条件,并将超临界CO2萃取法与传统的有机溶剂提取法进行了比较。结果超临界萃取最优条件:萃取压力35.0M Pa,萃取温度318K,选择无水乙醇为夹带剂,夹带剂体积分数为4%,萃取时间3 h,CO2流量为8 kg/h。结论超临界CO2萃取法提取熊果酸比传统提取方法收率高,安全有效。     

Cohibins C and D, two important metabolites in the biogenesis of acetogenins from Annona muricata and Annona nutans

Two new annonaceous acetogenins, cohibins C (1a) and D (1b), have been isolated by extensive chromatography of a hexane extract of Annona muricata seeds and a cyclohexane extract of Annona nutans root bark. Their structures have been established on the basis of spectral evidence (NMR, MS) and confirmed by chemical transformation into a pair of monotetrahydrofuran (mono-THF) acetogenins. The role of these compounds in the biogenesis of mono-THF acetogenins is discussed.