辽宁省2007年农村基层妇幼卫生现状调查

农村是妇幼保健工作的重点,为了解和掌握农村最基层的妇幼保健工作现状,以便按照基层的需求,适时修改、完善业务指导工作方案和考核办法及内容,更重要的是为政府制定和完善农村妇幼保健工作政策提供可靠的依据。2007年上半年,辽宁省妇幼保健院开展了全省农村基层妇幼卫生工作专     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡,在城市及经济发达地区,妇幼保健工作发展较快,而农村及贫困地区的妇幼保健工作明显滞后,存在较大的差距.因此,妇幼卫生工作的重点在农村、在基层.本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现状进行分析.     

《中国妇幼保健管理》杂志稿约

<正> 一、《中国妇幼保健管理》杂志是由卫生部妇幼卫生司主办的卫生管理学期刊。本刊宗旨是:宣传党的妇幼保健工作方针、政策;贯彻国家妇幼保健工作的要求、标准、条例与法规;介绍国内外妇幼保健管理的信息和动态;报道我国妇幼保健战线改革与工作成果;组织交流妇幼卫生管理工作的经验;探讨妇幼保健工作中的理论与实际问题;培养妇幼保健管理人才;提高妇幼卫生人员的管理素质和管理水平;推动妇幼卫生事业的发展。     

福建省县级妇幼保健机构现状调查分析与对策研究

[目的]了解全省县级妇幼保健机构的发展现状、职能和技术服务情况,为妇幼保健机构建设与发展提供依据及建议。[方法]对全省78个县（市,区）妇幼保健机构的规模、人员、财务收支和提供卫生服务情况等内容进行普查。[结果]县级妇幼保健机构在政策扶持、财政支持下得到很大发展,大部分机构履行了妇幼卫生公共卫生职能,但仍存在人员结构不合理、整体素质不高的问题;机构之间发展不平衡,基础设施薄弱;政府投入不足,妇幼保健机构服务能力不强。[讨论]加强人才培养和队伍建设;加强妇幼卫生服务体系建设,增加政府投入,加强基础设施建设;贯彻妇幼卫生工作方针,不断提升服务能力和水平。     

广西农村地区妇幼保健工作的现状与思考

目的:了解广西农村地区的妇幼保健工作现状,分析影响妇幼保健工作开展的因素.方法:所有资料采用Epi data、Excel或SPSS建立数据库,统一录入.输入数据采用双机录入,对两个相同数据文件进行有效性检查,确保资料的准确录入.用SPSS 11.5进行资料的初步分析.结果:广西农村地区妇幼保健工作问题突出,存在着直接影响妇幼保健事业发展的难点.结论:妇幼卫生改革势在必行,地方政府要改革管理体制,增加财政投入;妇幼保健相关部门要提高其服务能力;人群妇幼保健意识也有待提高,从而使农村妇幼卫生保健在市场经济条件下取得新的发展.     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡，在城市及经济发达地区，妇幼保健工作发展较快，而农村及贫困地区的妇幼保健工作明显滞后，存在较大的差距。因此，妇幼卫生工作的重点在农村、在基层。本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现状进行分析。     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

<正>妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡,在城市 及经济发达地区,妇幼保健工作发展较快,而农村及贫困地区 的妇幼保健工作明显滞后,存在较大的差距。因此,妇幼卫生 工作的重点在农村、在基层。本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现 状进行分析。 1 全区妇幼卫生工作基本情况 全区妇幼保健机构9所(其中地级1所),乡镇卫生院243 所,在职卫技人员607人,其中地级40人,县级206人,乡镇 级361人;高级职称7人(其中地级5人、县级2人)、中级职     

2010-2012年兰州市城关区妇幼卫生保健服务情况分析

妇幼保健业务年报是了解妇幼卫生数量和质量的重要指标,也是反映妇女儿童保健水平和"两规划"进展情况,体现妇幼保健需求,并为制定妇幼卫生保健工作措施和开展研究工作提供的可靠依据.为了解兰州市妇女儿童健康状况,加强对兰州市的妇幼卫生信息管理,为各级妇幼卫生行政部门提供科学管理的依据,现对2012年兰州市城关区妇幼卫生工作年报资料进行分析,结果报告如下:     

赤峰市妇幼卫生人员现状与对策

随着社会经济的发展、人民生活水平的提高，社会对妇幼卫生工作提出了更高的要求，赤峰市由于其所处的特殊地理位置和经济文化背景，决定了对妇幼卫生技术人员要求的特殊性。为了解我市妇幼卫生人员现状与需求，积极配合农村、牧区卫生体制改革，更好的发挥各级妇幼卫生人员的作用，全面提升妇幼保健工作水平，我们对赤峰市市直，旗(县)区直，     

麻城市多年重视培训妇幼卫生人员

<正> 1983年以来,我们从农村妇幼卫生工作的迫切需要出发,有目标、有计划、有步骤地采取了全方位、多层次、多形式开展业务培训,有效地提高了妇幼保健队伍的业务水平,使全市妇幼卫生工作以较快的速度向前发展. 一、明确培养目标,制订长期规划1983年我们对妇幼卫生工作现状进行了一次摸底调查,发现大多数村级妇幼保健人     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.