不同浓度罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术后镇痛中的应用

目的:评价不同浓度罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术后的镇痛效果。方法:择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术80例患者,根据罗哌卡因浓度随机分为0.250%组、0.375%组、0.5%组和对照组4组,每组20例,均采用气管插管静吸复合全身麻醉。手术结束后超声引导两点法分别注射0.250%、0.375%及0.500%的罗哌卡因20m L行腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞,合计共40m L,C组无TAP阻滞,各组拔除气管导管后行静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)镇痛,记录拔管后1h(T1)、术后6h(T2)、24h(T3)、48h(T4)的静息VAS疼痛评分,以及PCIA用量。结果:与C组比较,罗哌卡因0.250%、0.375%、0.500%组T1-T4时VAS评分静息时均明显降低(P<0.05);PCIA泵使用量均明显减少(P<0.05)。与罗哌卡因0.250%组比较,罗哌卡因0.375%、0.500%组PCIA泵使用量明显减少;T4时罗哌卡因0.500%组PCIA泵使用量(102.8±0.5 m L)明显少于其他3组(P<0.05)。结论:罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在术后48h内为腹腔镜下胆囊切除术患者提供良好的镇痛效果,浓度0.500%罗哌卡因效果最佳。     

纳布啡复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞强化剖宫产术后镇痛

目的:探讨纳布啡复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞用于剖宫产术后镇痛效果。方法:将60例在腰硬联合麻醉下剖宫产的经产妇分为两组,行腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞:0.25%罗哌卡因(R组30例)和0.25%罗哌卡因+40 mg纳布啡(RN组30例)。术毕所有患者超声引导下双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,并连接静脉镇痛泵(PCIA)。记录两组术后2、6、12、24、48 h的静息及咳嗽疼痛评分(VAS评分)、Ramsay镇静评分;记录两组术后24 h PCIA舒芬太尼总消耗量及术后PCIA首次按压时间、术后肛门排气时间、拔除导尿管后首次排尿时间;记录不良反应发生情况及镇痛满意度评分情况。结果:RN组与R组比较,术后2、6、12 h时静息VAS评分较低(P<0.05);术后2、6、12、24 h时咳嗽VAS评分较低,Ramsay镇静评分较高(P均<0.05)。RN组术后24 h与R组比较,PCIA中舒芬太尼总消耗量减少,距离手术结束首次按压PCIA时间延长,术后通气时间、拔出导尿管后首次排尿时间缩短(P均<0.05)。RN组术后48 h与R组比较,恶心呕吐及寒颤反应发生率降低,镇痛满意度评分升高(P均<0.05);两组均未见与腹横肌平面阻滞操作引起的血肿、感染等不良反应。结论:与单纯罗哌卡因相比,纳布啡复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞能强化剖宫产术后的镇痛效果,提高患者满意度。     

地佐辛混合低浓度罗哌卡因在结直肠癌腹腔镜手术腹横肌平面阻滞的应用

目的:探讨地佐辛混合低浓度罗哌卡因在结直肠癌腹腔镜手术腹横肌平面阻滞方面的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2015年9月-2017年6月本院接受结直肠癌腹腔镜根治术的直肠癌患者192例的临床资料。依据术后腹横肌平面阻滞镇痛方案的不同将其分为对照组和观察组,各96例。两组均行相同的舒芬太尼静脉自控镇痛(PCIA),对照组采用常规术后阻滞镇痛(罗哌卡因+氯化钠注射液),观察组采用地佐辛混合低浓度罗哌卡因术后阻滞镇痛。观察两组术后1、3、6、12、2 4h(T_1、T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5)的镇痛效果(VAS评分);比较两组首次按压镇痛泵时间(T)、PCIA有效按压次数(D_1)、PCIA按压总次数(D_2)以及舒芬太尼使用量(V)。结果:两组T_1、T_5时的VAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组T_2、T_3、T_4时的VAS评分均低于对照组(P0.05);观察组V、D_1、D_2均少于对照组,T多于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于实施腹腔镜手术腹横肌平面阻滞的直肠癌患者行地佐辛混合低浓度罗哌卡因阻滞镇痛不仅能够显著提升镇痛效果、延长镇痛时间,而且能够有效减少舒芬太尼用量,值得推广应用。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中应用右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞的效果观察

目的 探究腹腔镜胆囊切除术中应用右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞的效果。方法 将吉水县人民医院2019年1月—2021年1 2月收治并择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的74例患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组37例。对照组采用罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞,观察组采用右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞,比较2组围手术期血流动力学参数、术后48 h疼痛评分、镇痛泵首次按压时间和按压次数及不良反应。结果 观察组气腹前（T0）至气管拔管后1 0 min(T3)平均动脉压（mean arterial pressure,MAP）和心率（heart rate,HR）参数低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组术后6 h疼痛评分低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组镇痛泵首次按压时间长于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组48 h内按压次数少于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率为2.70%,略低于对照组的8.11%(P>0.05)。结论 腹腔镜胆囊切除术中应用右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞效果较好,可维持患者血流动力学稳定,延长神经阻滞时间,缓解术后疼痛,亦不会增加不良反...     

超声引导下腰方肌阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜下胰腺癌术后镇痛效果比较

目的：比较超声引导下腰方肌（QL）阻滞与腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞在腹腔镜下胰腺癌术后的镇痛效果。方法：选择2021年12月—2022年4月择期全麻下行腹腔镜下胰腺癌手术的患者40例,男15例,女25例,年龄18～70岁,美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）Ⅰ～Ⅲ级。按照随机数表字法分为QL阻滞组（Q组）和TAP阻滞组（T组）,每组20例。患者术毕转运至麻醉后恢复室（PACU）,Q组在PACU行双侧腰方肌阻滞,双侧分别推注0.25%罗哌卡因20 mL。T组在PACU行双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,双侧分别推注0.25%罗哌卡因20 mL。两组术后镇痛方案为舒芬太尼自控静脉镇痛（PCIA）。记录术后1、6、12、24、36、48 h的舒芬太尼累积用量、静息视觉模拟评分（VAS）、补救镇痛情况等;相关不良反应（恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制）以及阻滞相关并发症（穿刺部位感染、血肿、局麻药中毒）。结果：术后1、6、12、24、36、48 h,Q组静息VAS疼痛评分和舒芬太尼累积用量均明显低于T组（P<0.05）,两组补救镇痛、术后不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。两组未出现穿刺部位感染、血肿和局麻药中毒等并发症。结论：超...     

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞对结直肠癌根治术后镇痛效果的观察

目的探讨右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞对结直肠癌根治术后的镇痛效果。方法选取行择期手术开腹结直肠癌根治术的病人60例,随机分为单纯全麻组（G组）、罗哌卡因+全麻（R+G组）和右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因（DR+G组）,各20例。G组采用全身麻醉,R+G组采用全身麻醉+0.25%罗哌卡因两侧各20 mL腹横肌平面阻滞,RD+G组采用全身麻醉+1 μg/kg右美托咪定复合0.25%罗哌卡因两侧各20 mL腹横肌平面阻滞,术后病人均采用舒芬太尼自控镇痛。观察3组病人手术时间、术中输液量和丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼的用量以及术后24 h舒芬太尼的用量。比较病人术后2 h（T₁）、6 h（T₂）、12 h（T₃）、24 h（T₄）时点静息疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分和咳嗽VAS评分,记录不良反应。结果3组术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量、术后舒芬太尼用量差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）;DR+G组术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量均低于G组（P < 0.05）;DR+G组、R+G组、G组术后舒芬太尼用量逐渐增加,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。在T₁、T₂、T₃时间点3组静息VAS和咳嗽VAS评分差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;在T₄时间点,DR+G组静息VAS和咳嗽VAS评分均低于R+G组、G组（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。DR+G组皮肤瘙痒、恶心呕吐的发生率均低于G组（P < 0.05）。结论右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞能减少术中、术后全麻药物用量,改善结直肠癌根治术后镇痛效果,减轻病人疼痛,降低不良反应。     

超声引导下罗哌卡因双侧肋缘下腹横肌平面阻滞对老年胆囊切除术患者镇痛效果研究

目的:探讨超声引导下罗哌卡因双侧肋缘下腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对老年胆囊切除术患者的镇痛效果.方法:前瞻性纳入96例接受择期胆囊切除术的老年患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,全麻诱导后均接受超声引导下双侧肋缘下TAP阻滞.采用区组随机化方法将纳入患者分成生理盐水组、罗哌卡因A组和罗哌卡因B组,每组各32例.22 G神经阻滞穿刺针分别注入无菌生理盐水20 mL、0.375％罗哌卡因20 mL和0.5％罗哌卡因20 mL.术后均给予静脉自控镇痛(PCIA),若术后48 h内视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)评分≥4分,使用地佐辛(Dezocine)补救镇痛.比较三组患者手术相关指标、术后PCIA按压次数、PCIA药物使用量、术后不同时点VAS评分、麻醉不良反应以及住院时间等.结果:三组手术时间、术后拔管时间比较无显著差异(P>0.05),罗哌卡因A组、B组术后PCIA按压次数、PCIA药物使用量均少于生理盐水组(P<0.05);罗哌卡因A组、B组术后4 h、12 h静息或活动时VAS评分低于生理盐水组(P<0.05),三组术后24 h VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);罗哌卡因A组、B组术后总不良反应发生率均低于生理盐水组(P<0.05).罗哌卡因A组、B组的上述指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:超声引导下罗哌卡因双侧肋缘下TAP阻滞对老年胆囊切除术患者的术后镇痛效果显著,可减少PCIA镇痛类药物使用和不良反应发生,且不同浓度罗哌卡因TAP阻滞的镇痛效果和安全性相当.     

罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定前锯肌平面阻滞联合静脉自控镇痛对胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后恢复质量的改善作用

  目的  研究罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定在超声可视下前锯肌平面阻滞（SAPB）、联合静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后的镇痛效果。  方法  择期胸腔镜手术患者129例,随机分为3组（n=43）:生理盐水组（对照组）、罗哌卡因组（R组）和罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定组（RD组）。3组患侧前锯肌平面阻滞,分别注入0.9%生理盐水0 mL、0.5%罗哌卡因25 mL和0.5%罗哌卡因+1 μg/kg右美托咪定混合液25 mL;同时均使用PCIA。术后患者咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）≥4分,则静脉给予舒芬太尼2.5 μg补救。主要观察指标为拔除气管导管后10 min、6 h、12 h、24 h和48 h静息和咳嗽时VAS评分。次要观察指标包括血流动力学、术后前3夜睡眠质量、PCIA按压次数、术中和术后阿片类药物用量、术后首次补救镇痛时间、拔除胸管时间、住院时间、不良反应等。  结果  与对照组相比,R组和RD组在拔管后10 min、6 h、12 h时VAS评分更低（P<0.05）。与R组比较,RD组需要补救镇痛的患者人数、第一次抢救镇痛时间、PCIA按压次数和补救舒芬太尼总剂量均减少（P<0.05）,RD组术后第二、三夜睡眠质量更好,恶心与呕吐发生率更低（P<0.05）。  结论  0.5%罗哌卡因伍用1 μg/kg右美托咪定SAPB联合PCIA可明显减轻胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后疼痛,改善术后恢复质量。     

不同剂量罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在剖宫产术后镇痛中的疗效比较

目的 比较剖宫产术后不同剂量罗哌卡因在超声引导下行腹横肌平面阻滞（transversus abdominal plane,TAP）镇痛中的疗效.方法 实施单次腰麻下剖宫产单胎足月孕初产妇60例,计算机排序随机分为A组（0.5％罗哌卡因3 mg/kg）、B组（0.5％罗哌卡因1.5mg/kg）和C组（对照组）各20例.在手术结束后实施超声引导下TAP.观察48小时内各随访时点的疼痛评分（numerical rating scale,NRS）和产妇满意度评分.48小时内辅助镇痛药使用频率.结果 产妇在术后6及12小时时点NRS运动时评分,A组明显低于B组和C组（P＜0.05）,余时点未见统计学差异（P＞0.05）;NRS静息时评分各时点组间比较皆无差异（P＞0.05）.各组产妇满意度评分无差异（P＞0.05）.72小时内辅助镇痛药使用率各组间无差异（P＞0.05）.结论 超声引导下单次0.5％罗哌卡因3 mg/kg剂量腹横肌平面阻滞可以产生良好的12小时左右的产科术后镇痛,但更长时间的持续镇痛需要改进操作方法.     

罗哌卡因腹横肌阻滞在腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术中的应用研究

目的探讨术前不同浓度罗哌卡因行腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术中的应用效果。方法选取择期接受腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术的100例患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各50例。观察组于术前使用0.5%罗哌卡因10～15 mL进行腹横肌阻滞,对照组于术前使用0.25%罗哌卡因10～15 mL进行腹横肌阻滞。两组患者均采用全麻插管麻醉,术中静脉输注麻醉药物维持麻醉。记录两组患者拔气管后自控镇痛泵使用量,拔管后1 h、术后6 h、术后24 h及术后48 h静息视觉模拟评分(VAS),比较两组患者术后并发症发生率。结果观察组患者不同时点静息时VAS评分均明显低于对照组,不同时点镇痛泵使用量均明显少于对照组,总并发症发生率明显低于对照组(4.0%vs. 26.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全身麻醉结合0.5%罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞应用于腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术中,镇痛效果良好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.