带蒂鼻中隔黏膜瓣在侵及前颅底鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤切除术颅底重建中的应用

目的　回顾性分析应用带蒂鼻中隔黏膜瓣修复内镜下切除侵及颅底鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤术后颅底缺损的效果。方法　2008年9月～2016年5月内镜下切除侵及颅底鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤31例,应用以鼻后中隔动脉和筛前-筛后动脉为供血的两种类型带蒂鼻中隔黏膜瓣,修复重建前颅底切除后较大颅底缺损。结果　31例患者前颅底重建均一次性修补成功。1例肿瘤复发二次手术患者术后发生脑脊液漏,给予椎管置管引流1周愈合;1例术后10 d撤出鼻腔填塞物后出现脑脊液鼻漏,颅内感染3例,余无颅内出血或血肿等并发症发生。术后随访3～66个月见黏膜瓣愈合良好,无移植瓣膜坏死和脑膜脑膨出发生。结论　血管化带蒂鼻中隔黏膜瓣是内镜颅底外科的一种首选的、可靠的前颅底修补用材料。     

内镜下颅底重建的动物实验研究

目的 研究鼻中隔带蒂黏膜瓣修复颅底缺损及放疗对愈后的影响。方法 对10例新鲜白兔尸体的鼻中隔黏膜血供行解剖学研究。将20只健康新西兰大白兔作为实验动物,建立颅底缺损-脑脊液鼻漏模型并利用鼻中隔带蒂黏膜瓣修复颅底缺损,术后7、10d在鼻内镜下观察切口愈合及脑脊液鼻漏情况,术后21d随机抽出10只接受手术治疗的兔子作为实验组行颅脑放疗,其余10只作为对照组,放疗后1、14d实验组和对照组分别于鼻内镜下观察修复区域。 结果7例鼻中隔黏膜瓣血供由鼻中隔后下端进入,2例血供由近鼻中隔后端约1cm处进入,1例未见明显血管分布,成功构建了颅底缺损-脑脊液鼻漏模型并成功实施鼻中隔带蒂黏膜瓣修复颅底缺损手术20例,均全部存活,切口愈合良好,无脑脊液鼻漏,无组织膨出及神经功能缺失等并发症;10只接受术后放疗的兔子及对照组的10只兔子均全部存活,放疗组兔子切口愈合较慢。结论 鼻中隔带蒂黏膜瓣修复颅底缺损的动物实验模型设计可行,放疗对带蒂鼻中隔黏膜瓣有延迟愈合的影响。     

应用鼻内自体材料在内镜下重建鼻颅底缺损治疗脑脊液鼻漏的研究

目的:探讨利用鼻内自体材料在内镜下重建鼻颅底缺损治疗脑脊液鼻漏的方法及可行性。方法:内镜下应用鼻内自体组织对96例患者进行颅底缺损重建治疗脑脊液鼻漏。根据颅底骨缺损的部位、大小决定修复的材料和方法,18例缺损直径<0.5 cm,取游离中鼻甲黏骨膜外置法重建;35例缺损位于筛顶和筛板,缺损直径0.5~<1.0 cm,应用带蒂中鼻甲外置法重建;12例缺损位于蝶鞍斜坡,缺损直径0.5~<1.0 cm,应用带蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣外置法修复;19例缺损直径1.0~<1.5 cm,应用游离鼻中隔软骨-黏骨膜瓣修复;7例缺损位于筛顶和筛板,缺损直径1.5~2.5 cm,应用筛骨垂直板加带蒂中鼻甲重建;5例缺损位于蝶鞍斜坡,缺损直径1.5~2.5cm,则应用筛骨垂直板加带蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣重建颅底。结果:随访6个月~6年,2例患者分别于术后1年和2年再次出现脑脊液鼻漏,1例经保守治疗后脑脊液漏停止,1例患者经再次手术治愈;3例患者于术后出现短暂性脑脊液漏,未经特殊处理自愈;其余患者未再出现脑脊液漏。结论:应用鼻内自体材料在内镜下进行颅底重建治疗脑脊液鼻漏具有取材方便、手术成功率高等优点;不同大小和不同部位的颅底缺损宜选择不同的鼻内自体材料进行重建。     

内镜下65例鼻颅底肿瘤切除后颅底重建临床分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜下鼻颅底肿瘤切除后采用游离中鼻甲黏膜（FMT）、阔筋膜、鼻中隔带蒂黏膜瓣（HBF）行颅底缺损重建治疗脑脊液鼻漏的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析65例在鼻内镜下行鼻颅底肿瘤切除且行颅底重建治疗脑脊液鼻漏患者的病例资料。根据颅底缺损大小及部位选择修补材料,缺损<1.5 cm,均采用FMT（24例）;缺损≥ 1.5 cm,优先选择HBF（16例）,但当HBF无法获取或不适用（缺损位于额窦后壁）,选择阔筋膜（25例）。分析患者的修补效果并比较阔筋膜与HBF的修补结果。结果 采用FMT行颅底缺损重建治疗的患者有2例出现术后脑脊液漏,一次性修补成功率为91.7%;采用阔筋膜治疗的患者有1例出现术后脑脊液漏,一次性修补成功率为96%;采用HBF治疗的患者有1例出现术后脑脊液漏,一次性修补成功率为93.8%;总体成功率93.8%。采用阔筋膜行颅底修补的患者术后出现颅内感染2例、肺部感染0例、术后鼻出血2例,采用HBF行颅底修补的患者术后出现颅内感染1例、肺部感染2例、术后鼻出血2例,两种颅底修补方法术后并发症均无明显差异。结论 鼻内镜下采用HBF、阔筋膜或FMT行颅底重建治疗脑脊液鼻漏均可获得较为满意的结果。FMT对于较小（<1.5 cm）的缺损是可靠的修补材料;对于较大的缺损（≥ 1.5 cm）,HBF或阔筋膜均可以采用且获得相似的结果,当HBF无法获取或不适用（缺损位于额窦后壁）,选择阔筋膜是可行的。     

鼻内镜下前颅底重建经验分享：附94例分析

目的 介绍鼻内镜下前颅底重建的方法及经验。方法 回顾性分析复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院2012年1月～2021年12月间行单纯鼻内镜入路前颅底病变切除及重建的患者94例,重建时根据前颅底缺损的面积,选择大腿阔筋膜、人工硬膜、带蒂鼻中隔-鼻底黏膜瓣或游离中鼻甲黏膜瓣进行修复。结果 94例单纯鼻内镜下前颅底肿瘤切除加颅底重建患者中,除1例术后因黏膜瓣移位仍有大量脑脊液鼻漏,于次日再次鼻内镜下重新铺置黏膜瓣,其余患者颅底重建均一次成功;1例术后随访发现脑膜脑膨出。结论 鼻内镜下前颅底重建成功的关键在于根据颅底缺损分级选择合适的重建方法及材料,并且要确保修复材料填塞在位。     

改良带蒂颅骨膜复合瓣修复前颅底缺损并脑脊液漏

目的:探讨采用改良带蒂颅骨膜复合瓣修复鼻颅底沟通肿瘤术中缺损并发脑脊液漏的临床效果.方法:回顾7例鼻腔鼻窦肿瘤术中致前颅底骨质缺损脑脊液漏7例的治疗效果,其中1例良性肿瘤,6例恶性肿瘤.转移的组织瓣以一侧颞浅动脉额支辅以同侧眶上、滑车上动脉为蒂.结果:7例患者切口一期愈合,1例因术后1个月放疗致游离额骨瓣部分坏死,经颞部切口引流愈合.组织瓣在鼻腔内组织面光滑.结论:改良带蒂颅骨膜复合瓣组织量大.血供可靠,制作简单,可以成为修复鼻腔鼻窦肿瘤术中前颅底缺损合并脑脊液漏的重要方法.     

鼻内镜下可用的带血管蒂组织瓣文献综述

鼻内镜颅底外科术后隔绝颅腔与鼻腔的交通是该学科发展面对的挑战之一,近年利用带血管蒂组织瓣,经内镜手术入路修复颅底缺损获得满意疗效。颅底局部性和区域性带血管蒂组织瓣,修复范围广泛、取材方便、抗感染性强、易于成活,是修复颅底缺损的最佳选择。本文对内镜下修复颅底常用带血管蒂组织瓣进行综述。     

核磁共振与内镜检查在带血管蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣颅底重建术后管理中的意义

目的:探讨核磁共振(MR)与内镜检查在带血管蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣颅底修复术后管理中的意义。方法:回顾性分析8例应用带血管蒂的鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣内镜下修复颅底硬膜缺损的资料。其中7例术后(术后5～7d)和近期随访(术后3～7个月)MR和内镜检查资料完整,1例因金属植入物而行CT和内镜检查。2种检查方法配合应用,掌握与颅底重建成败相关的信息,包括术后颅内及颅底修复局部、组织瓣供区和鼻腔鼻窦黏膜术后转归状况,以掌握愈合规律,提高重建成功率。结果:MR结合内镜检查可以准确获取带血管蒂鼻中隔瓣重建颅底术后颅内和修复局部的关键信息。MR可以排除术后常见的颅内并发症如颅内血肿、脑水肿或气颅,显示颅底缺损的位置及大致范围,提示组织瓣的位置及其与硬膜缺损边缘之间的重叠覆盖状态,定位术后脑脊液漏口。在术后和近期随访加强MR中,中隔瓣在颅底大致呈"C"形,7例中隔瓣均匀强化明显,提示血供佳。术后内镜检查证明7例中隔瓣无缺血坏死。6例组织瓣同颅底骨质愈合佳,1例内镜检查发现MR提示的脑脊液漏口并处理。中隔瓣在术后有一定程度的水肿和充血,近期随访时消失,组织瓣有缩小、变薄的征象,1例行CT和内镜检查者,中隔瓣发生坏死,因内衬人工硬膜完好,颅底一期愈合。内镜随访鼻腔鼻窦黏膜水肿在术后近期随访时明显减轻或消失,中隔瓣供区处裸露的中隔软骨在2个月左右被黏膜覆盖。结论:MR结合内镜检查可获取血管化中隔瓣重建颅底术后颅内外关键信息。排除术后并发症,掌握与修复成败密切相关的信息如组织瓣位置,血供及缺损处愈合情况,定位术后脑脊液漏的位置等,为及时处理并发症提供准确信息。所得结果可以提高外科和放射科医师对中隔瓣修复颅底缺损术后康复过程的认识,提高对修复失败情况的辨识和处理能力。     

带蒂额肌帽状腱膜裂层颅骨瓣修复前颅底

目的探讨颅颌面联合手术中前颅底区软硬组织洞穿性缺损Ⅰ期修复重建的方法.方法采用带血管蒂的额肌帽状腱膜裂层颅骨瓣,该瓣的血管蒂可为双蒂也可为单蒂.在术中Ⅰ期修复重建了12例前颅底区软、硬组织缺损.取瓣面积可达8 cm×15 cm左右.结果用该瓣修复的12例患者无颅内感染和脑脊液漏等并发症发生,伤口全部Ⅰ期愈合.9例恶性肿瘤患者随访2年以上8例,存活2年的5例.结论带蒂额肌帽状腱膜裂层颅骨瓣血管恒定、血供好、组织薄软、带颅骨外板使其支撑力度强又可弯曲成型,取瓣径路与术野一致,不影响美观.     

前额带蒂帽状腱膜骨膜瓣在前颅底外科中应用及评价

目的：研究带蒂帽状腱膜骨膜瓣重建前颅底的治疗效果。方法：１５例前颅窝底、眶、副鼻窦、鼻腔区肿瘤，经额眶鼻前颅底入路切除，术中采用额眉弓颅底一次性整块骨瓣成形开颅和带蒂帽状腱膜骨膜瓣重建颅底。结果：术后无颅内感染、长期脑脊液漏、颅底积液及脑膜脑膨出等并发症。结论：带蒂帽状腱膜骨膜瓣重建前颅底能有效地防止前颅底手术后并发症。     

Value of double pedicled mucoperiosteal flaps for the prevention of restenosis in Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy

IntroductionThe extent of bone exposure is one of the major factors contributing to failure of endoscopic frontal sinusotomy procedures. Double flaps providing cover of exposed bone have already been described for Draf III procedures in a cadavre study using posterior and lateral pedicled nasoseptal flaps. As these flaps overlap on the septal side, they cannot be raised from the same nasal cavity in a Draf IIb procedure. We describe a new technique using 2 local mucoperiosteal flaps raised from the same side to entirely cover the bone margins exposed by Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy.Surgical techniqueA left Draf IIb procedure was performed to drain a frontal mucocele. A posterior septoturbinal flap (PSTF) was raised to cover the posterior sinusotomy margin. A lateral pedicle nasoseptal flap (LNSF) was raised on the same side to cover the anterior margin. With a follow-up of 6 months, the Draf IIb cavity was fully patent and the flaps were well integrated.ConclusionPSTF and LNSF flaps can be raised on the same side to cover the posterior and anterior margins of the Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy, respectively.     

Endoscopic management of the inverted papilloma with attachment to the frontal sinus drainage pathway

CONCLUSION: Extensive inverted papilloma (Krouse T3 lesions) with attachment to the frontal sinus drainage pathway can be treated successfully using an endoscopic approach. OBJECTIVES: The endoscopic management of inverted papilloma (IP) has gained in popularity over the last 15 years. However, the appropriate management of lesions involving the frontal sinus and its drainage pathway still has to be determined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the results for patients with IP in the Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2004 to 2007 to identify those patients with lesions involving the frontal sinus and its drainage pathway. By their appearance on nasal endoscopic examination and by computed tomography scanning, the tumors were defined using the Krouse staging system. Sinus endoscopy was used to screen for disease after endoscopic resection and the clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of nine patients (eight males and one female) were identified in which IP involved the frontal sinus and its drainage pathway. Preoperative and postoperative pathological examinations revealed IP as the diagnosis. All tumors were defined as T3 lesions. Four cases with lateral wall of frontal recess tumor attachment underwent an endoscopic Draf IIA frontal sinusotomy. Three cases with either lateral and posterior walls of frontal recess and frontal infundibulum attachment, or medial and posterior walls of frontal recess and frontal infundibulum attachment underwent a Draf IIB procedure. Two cases with posterior wall of frontal recess and frontal infundibulum attachment, or medial, lateral, and posterior walls of frontal recess and frontal infundibulum attachment underwent a Draf III procedure. All patients remain disease-free after an average follow-up period of 15 months.     

The Draf III septal flap technique: A preliminary report

Aim

The most prevalent complication of Draf III surgery is recurrence of frontal recess stenosis. The aim of this study is to introduce a method to prevent closure of the recess.

Type of the Study and Setting

This is a retrospective study that was conducted in Ear, Nose and Throat Referral Center, Amir'Alam Hospital, Tehran.

Methods and Materials

We introduced a new technique for reconstructing frontal recess mucosa and prevention of restenosis following Draf III operation; we covered the posterior wall of the common recess with a vascular mucosal flap from nasal septum.

Results

During a 6-month period we used septal flaps based on anterior ethmoidal artery on four patients who had undergone endoscopic Draf III operation. During a 3-month follow-up period, frontal recess stenosis did recur in any of the patients.

Conclusion

Applying a precise and astute surgical method along with reconstructing common recess mucosa will improve the outcomes of endoscopic frontal sinus drill-out. We strongly recommend application of septal mucosal flap based on the anterior ethmoidal artery during Draf III operation to decrease the incidence of scar and recurrence of common frontal recess stenosis.     

内镜下带血管蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣修复颅底缺损

目的 探讨内镜下应用带血管蒂的鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣修复颅底硬膜缺损的方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2008年7月至2010年3月间收治的8例应用带血管蒂的鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣鼻内镜下修复术后颅底硬膜缺损及创伤性脑脊液鼻漏患者的临床资料及随访结果.8例患者均为男性,年龄28～60岁,平均年龄41岁.其中前颅底血管外皮瘤1例、嗅神经母细胞瘤1例(Kadish C型)、筛窦癌1例、鼻咽癌放疗后局部复发3例、颅底类癌1例、脑脊液鼻漏伴反复颅内感染1例.其中前颅底缺损6例,中颅底缺损2例.手术采用内镜经鼻入路,直视下获取以鼻后动脉为蒂的一侧鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣.组织瓣覆盖硬膜缺损后,周缘敷以明胶海绵,并用生物蛋白胶固定,鼻内以碘仿纱条、水囊及膨胀海绵支撑.术后5～7 d撤除全部鼻内支撑物.结果 1例鼻中隔瓣部分坏死,其余7例鼻中隔瓣全部成活.1例术后7 d有脑脊液鼻漏,再次手术探查以腹部脂肪封堵漏口成功,术后随访6～24个月,颅底组织愈合良好,无延迟性脑脊液漏及颅内感染发生.结论 内镜经鼻入路采用带血管蒂鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣修复颅底硬膜缺损是一种可靠的颅底重建方法.

Abstract：

Objective To introduce a method and the clinical effects of repairing skull base defects and dural defects using vascular pedicled nasoseptal mucoperiosteal flaps through an endoscopic endonasal approach. Methods The clinical and follow-up data for 8 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal reconstruction of skull base defects and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea with a vascular pedicled nasoseptal mucoperiosteal flap between July 2008 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were male. The age of these patients ranged from 28 to 60 years (average 41 years). The diagnosis for these patients included one hemoangiopericytoma of the anterior skull base one olfactory neuroblastoma (type of Kadish C) , one ethmoid sinus cancer, three local recurrent cancers of the nasopharynx after radiotherapy,one carcinoid of skull base and one traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea with recurrent intracranial infection. There were six anterior skull base defects and two middle cranial fossa defects. An endoscopic endonasal surgical approach was used for the repair. A pedicled flap using the nasal septal mucoperiosteum based on the posterior nasal artery was harvested from the ipsilateral side. The tissue flap was used to cover the dural defects. The margin was covered with gelatin sponge and fixed with fibrin glue. The nasal cavity was packed with iodoform gauze, a Foley catheter balloon and Merocel in this sequence to secure the flap in place. Nasal packing was removed 5 to 7 days postoperatively. Results Partial septal flap necrosis was found in one case, but the flaps in the other 7 cases survived. A postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred in one case 7 days after surgery. This was re-explored and successfully repaired with abdominal fat.All cases healed well, with no delayed cerebrospinal fluid leaks or intracranial infections during the 6 to 24 months follow-up period. Conclusion The vascular pedicled nasoseptal mucoperiosteal flap is a reliable choice for endoscopic endonasal skull base reconstruction.     

Anterior skull base reconstruction after tumour resection using the posterior wall of the frontal sinus

IntroductionThe authors describe their experience of surgical closure of the anterior skull base after tumour resection, using the posterior wall of the frontal sinus.Material and methodThe authors describe their anterior skull base closure technique performed in three patients after tumour resection. Tumour resection via a transglabellar approach resulted in an anterior skull base defect. Reconstruction consisted of direct implantation of the posterior wall of the frontal sinus without using a bone substitute (except when nasofrontal duct obstruction is required).ResultsThree patients were operated by this surgical procedure with complete tumour resection in every case and no infectious complications. This technique was easy to perform, despite one case of persistent CSF leak. Follow-up imaging showed no displacement of the onlay bone graft.ConclusionAnterior skull base reconstruction after tumour resection using autologous frontal sinus bone graft is easy to perform with a low complication rate.     

鼻内镜下切除累及额窦及其引流通道的内翻性乳头状瘤

目的鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤是头颈部常见的良性肿瘤之一，但累及额窦及其引流通道的内翻性乳头状瘤既往报告不多。本研究采用经鼻内镜手术治疗累及额窦及其引流通道的内翻性乳头状瘤，探讨相应术式的适应证及疗效。方法累及额窦及其引流通道的乳头状瘤患者9例（男8例，女1例），年龄23～70岁，中位年龄52岁。所有患者术前均接受CT检查，5例行MRI检查，组织病理学诊断均为内翻性乳头状瘤。根据病变范围进行分期，然后进行经鼻内镜手术治疗并观察疗效。结果根据Krouse分期系统，所有患者病变均为13期，经鼻内镜手术顺利切除肿瘤，其中肿瘤的根基部位于额隐窝外侧壁者4例，采用DrafⅡA型手术；肿瘤根基部位于额隐窝和额漏斗内侧壁和后壁，以及外侧壁和后壁者3例，采用DrafⅡB型手术；he瘤根基部位于额隐窝和额漏斗后壁，或者内侧壁和后壁，且肿瘤累及双侧额窦者2例，采用DrafⅢ型手术。所有患者均在鼻内镜下随访，其中3例术后复查CT，随访5～34个月，中位随访时间16个月。术后组织病理学检查结果均符合术前诊断，未发现局部恶变。结论术前CT和病理检查对明确病变部位和性质至关重要，MRI检查可起到良好的辅助作用。经鼻内镜手术去除累及额窦及其引流通道的T3期乳头状瘤，可取得良好的近期疗效。     

经鼻内镜额窦脑脊液鼻漏修补术初探

目的探索额窦脑脊液鼻漏修补术的进路、修补方法和手术技巧。方法对9例额窦后壁和4例额隐窝后外侧壁脑脊液鼻漏患者进行手术修补，其中首次手术行鼻内镜下修补术12例，联合进路1例；术后观察手术疗效及并发症情况。结果13例患者中12例一次修补成功，1例二次修补成功。出现并发症2例，其中1例为术后颅内感染，行鼻外引流、额窦填塞术治愈；另1例为阻塞性额窦囊肿，行鼻内镜下额窦开放术治愈。结论经鼻内镜可以成功修补可视的额窦后壁脑脊液鼻漏，但要注意额窦口及漏口大小，防止术后额窦阻塞，诱发阻塞性额窦囊肿、额窦炎和颅内感染；对于额窦内不可视的脑脊液鼻漏和额窦口扩大困难的病例，建议行联合进路修补术。     

额眶筛入路切除前中颅底颅鼻眶沟通瘤

目的探讨切除前中颅底、额、筛窦、眶沟通性肿瘤的最佳手术方式,以满足临床需要。方法对13例前中颅底颅鼻眶沟通瘤患者采用额眶筛入路、T型切口,将外鼻下翻,切除部分筛窦、纸板、额骨眶部及额窦后壁,充分暴露肿瘤组织,在手术显微镜下分块或完全切除肿瘤,分离、保护相应解剖部位,如视神经、内动脉、蝶鞍和脑膜等重要解剖结构。将外鼻回复,用钛板钛钉与额骨固定,恢复良好颌面外形。结果13例颅鼻眶沟通瘤手术均获得成功,随访24个月,11例肿瘤无复发,均无脑脊液鼻漏、脑膜脑膨出等并发症。面部外形良好。结论经额眶筛进入、侧下翻鼻骨入路是耳鼻咽喉科切除前中颅底颅鼻眶沟通瘤的一种良好方法。     

影像导航引导鼻内镜下前颅底骨化纤维瘤切除术

目的 探讨影像导航系统在经鼻内镜切除前颅底骨化纤维瘤手术中的作用。方法 选择影像导航引导下经鼻内镜手术切除累积眶纸板、颅底骨质的筛窦骨化纤维瘤12例男性患者,初次手术9例,复发病例3例。术前行鼻窦CT连续扫描,骨算法,层厚1mm。结果 CT显示所有病例筛骨水平板、眶纸板受累。4例前界至额隐窝前缘（鼻骨后）;6例累及眶尖与蝶窦外侧壁交界处：1例广泛累及上颔骨、蝶骨大翼、蝶鞍和斜坡。11例彻底切除病灶,1例（病变广泛者）切除大部分肿瘤。平均手术时间3．2小时,影像导航配准过程平均25分钟。1例术中并发脑脊液漏,术中鼻内镜下修补成功;3例术中损伤眶纸板,无手术及术后并发症。术后随访5个月～4年,姑息手术病例肿瘤生长缓慢,其余病例无复发,症状明显改善。结论 借助影像导航引导,经鼻内镜手术切除累及眶纸板、前颅底骨质的骨化纤维瘤,具有一定优势,但病灶不应广泛侵及额隐窝、蝶骨及斜坡。