可诱导协同刺激分子、CD28、CD24基因多态性与多发性硬化的相关性

目的探讨可诱导协同刺激分子（ICOS）、CD28、CD24基因多态性与多发性硬化（multiple sclerosis，MS）遗传易患性的相关性。方法以来自中国汉族人群的83例确诊MS患者和110例非自身免疫性疾病的患者及健康志愿者为研究对象，利用聚合酶链．限制性长度多态性分析（PCR-RFLP）技术检测3个基因扩增产物酶切多态性。结果ICOS-2394位点TT基因型频率MS组明显高于对照组（分别为33．7％和10．9％，P〈0．01），携带T等位基因可增加MS患病危险性（OR=3．482，P〈0．01）；ICOS-2119位点携带C-等位基因MS组明显低于对照组（分别为4．8％和15．5％，P〈0．05）。CD28-372位点基因型等位基因频率分布MS组与对照组差异无统计学意义。CD24 E2＋226位点T等位基因频率MS组较对照组增多（分别为44．6％和33．2％，P〈0．05）。单倍体型关联分析显示CD24 E2＋226T等位基因分别与ICOS-2394T及ICOS-2119C联合可明显增加MS患病危险性，CD28基因多态与ICOS基因多态构成的单体型在MS和对照组中差异无统计学意义。结论中国汉族人群ICOS-2394C／T、ICOS-2119C／T及CD24E2＋226C／T多态性与Ms发病相关，两基因可能均是MS的易患基因或与易患基因相连锁。CD28-372位点多态性与MS患病无直接相关。     

ICOS基因多态性与中国南方汉族人群多发性硬化的相关性

目的探讨可诱导协同刺激分子(inducible costimulate,ICOS)基因多态性与多发性硬化(Multiple sclerosis,MS)遗传易感性。方法以来自中国南方汉族人群的83名确诊MS患者和110名非自身免疫性疾病的患者及健康志愿者为研究对象,利用PCR-RFLP技术监测ICOS基因-2394/2119位点酶切多态性。结果 ICOS-2394位点TT基因型频率MS组明显高于对照组(MS33.7%VS对照组10.9%,P<0.001),携带T等位基因可增加MS患病危险(OR=3.482,P<0.001),ICOS-2119位点TT基因型MS组明显低于对照组(MS4.8%vs对照组15.5%,P<0.05)。结论中国南方汉族人群ICOS基因多态性与MS发病相关,该基因可能是MS的易感基因。     

中国南方汉族人群CYBA基因C242T多态性与精神分裂症的关联

目的 探讨中国南方汉族人群NADPH氧化酶p22phox亚基基因(CYBA)C242T多态性和精神分裂症的易感性及疾病严重程度的关联.方法 本研究利用SNaPshot技术对906例中国南方汉族人群精神分裂症患者和982名健康对照者进行CYBA基因C242T多态性检测,采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对患者组进行精神症状严重程度评定.结果 (1)CYBA基因C242T多态性位点基因型频率和等位基因频率在精神分裂症患者和健康人群中的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)C242T多态性位点CT+TT基因型患者PANSS量表的阴性量表分及总分高于CC基因型患者(P<0.05).结论 CYBA基因C242T多态性与中国南方汉族精神分裂症的易感性无明显关联,C242T多态性位点T突变可能会加重精神分裂症患者的阴性症状.     

肿瘤坏死因子-α血清水平及其多态性与多发性硬化的相关性

目的 研究中国南方汉族人群中血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及其G-308A位点基因多态性与多发性硬化之间的相关性.方法 采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法测定68名无亲缘关系的急性发作期MS病人和55例非免疫系统疾病病人的血清(对照)TNF-α水平,同时应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测上述68例MS病人和106名无亲缘关系的广东籍健康汉族人的TNF-α基因型.结果 发作期MS患者血清中TNF-α水平与正常对照组有显著差异(P＜0.05),分别是(225±71)pg/ml和(185±73)pg/ml;TNF-α各等位基因型频率在MS组和正常人组比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05),病例组TNF-α基因A纯合基因型和A等位基因频率分别为4.4%和13.9%,正常对照组分别为0%和8.5%.结论 (1)血清中TNF-α水平与发作期MS患者相关.(2)中国南方汉族人群存在TNF-α基因G-308A位点突变.(3)从目前调查的例数中,中国南方汉族人群TNF-α基因G-308A多态性与广东人群中MS无关.     

IL-17F及IL-17A基因多态性与中国四川汉族人群多发性硬化的相关性

目的探讨中国四川汉族人群中白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-17A多态位点rs2275913及IL-17F基因多态位点rs763780与多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)发病的相关性。方法收集川北医学院附属医院神经内科就诊的MS患者126例,以176名性别年龄相匹配的健康体检者为对照,利用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法来检测rs2275913及rs763780多态位点的等位基因及基因型频率分布,并进行统计学分析。结果 MS患者IL-17F基因rs763780位点TT基因型频率(84.92%)高于健康对照组(71.01%),差异有统计学意义(校正后P=0.036)。患者T等位基因频率(92.06%)亦高于正常人(84.66%),差异有统计学意义(校正后P=0.048)。MS患者IL-17A位点rs2275913的基因型频率及等位基因频率与健康对照者相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 IL-17F基因多态位点rs763780与MS相关,TT基因型及T等位基因可能是中国四川汉族人群MS发生的危险因素。IL-17A位点rs2275913同四川汉族人MS发病无相关。     

GSK3B基因启动子区多态性与中国北方汉族人群阿尔茨海默病的相关分析

目的研究中国北方汉族人群中糖原合成酶激酶38基因（GSK3B）启动子区rs334558位点基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病（AD）易感性的相关性。方法采用直接测序的方法,对403例AD病例及369名对照外周血DNA的GSK3B基因多态位点rs334558进行基因分型。结果AD组与对照组rs334558位点等位基因和基因型分布相似,等位基因T的频率在AD组和对照组分别为38．8％和37．9％,差异无统计学意义（y。一0．130,P〉0．05）。按照性别或者是否携带AopF~4等位基因分别进行分层分析,发现AD组和对照组之间等位基因频率和基因型分布的差异无统计学意义（,分别为0．331,0．565;P〉0．05）。结论GSK3B基因启动子区多态性位点rs334558可能与中国汉族人群AD发病无关。     

中国东北地区CD40及CD40L基因多态性与散发帕金森病的相关性分析

目的 探究CD40基因rs1883832位点及CD40L基因rs1126535位点单核苷酸多态性与帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)的相关性。方法 本研究纳入285名中国东北地区汉族健康人和396例PD患者。根据其发病年龄将PD组患者再分为早发PD组(发病年龄≤50岁)和晚发PD组(发病年龄 50岁),收集一般临床资料,提取外周血基因组DNA,利用MALDI-TOF-PEX技术检测rs1883832位点及rs1126535位点多态性分布情况,分析其与帕金森病的相关性。结果 EOPD组与对照组rs1883832位点基因型分布有统计学差异(P 0. 05),等位基因频率在两组间没有统计学差异。PD组和LOPD组与对照组在rs1883832位点及rs1126535位点上,基因型及等位基因型频率无统计学差异。结论 CD40基因rs1883832位点单核苷酸多态性与中国东北地区汉族早发帕金森病相关,T等位基因可能是EOPD的危险因素。     

中国南方汉族人群亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因C677T多态性与脑出血的关系

目的研究中国南方汉族人群亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因C677T多态性与脑出血(ICH)的关系。方法采用SNa Pshot法检测中国南方地区汉族人群中124例ICH患者(ICH组)及149名健康对照者(正常对照组)MTHFR基因多态性。结果与正常对照组比较,ICH组及非脑叶ICH亚组T等位基因频率显著升高(均P0.05),ICH组、非脑叶ICH亚组C等位基因频率及脑叶出血亚组T、C等位基因频率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。ICH组、非脑叶ICH亚组、脑叶出血亚组和正常对照组的基因型频率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,MTHFR基因C677T多态性与ICH组及其亚组无相关性(均P0.05)。经过混杂因素校正后,ICH及非脑叶出血与T等位基因显著相关(OR=3.77,95%CI:1.40~10.16,P=0.01;OR=4.19,95%CI:1.30~13.46,P=0.02),脑叶出血与T等位基因不相关(OR=2.31,95%CI:0.37~14.49,P=0.37)。结论中国南方汉族人群MTHFR基因C677T位点T等位基因可能是ICH的重要危险因素。     

β-分泌酶2多态性位点rs2252576与散发性阿尔茨海默病的相关性分析

目的 研究β-分泌酶2（BACE2） rs2252576位点基因多态性与中国北方汉族人群散发性阿尔茨海默病（SAD）发病的相关性.方法 随机选取10例SAD患者和10名健康对照者进行BACE2外显子区测序.筛查出第5外显子上游10bp存在一多态性位点rs2252576C/T,随后对348例SAD患者和294名健康对照者进行多态性分型及统计学分析.结果 SAD患者和健康对照组的BACE2基因rs2252576多态性位点基因型和等位基因频率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.根据是否携带ApoEε4等位基因进行进一步分层比较后,该位点差异仍无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.应用Logistic回归分析平衡了年龄、性别和ApoE分型的影响后,差异仍无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 中国北方汉族人群中BACE2基因rs2252576 C/T位点的基因多态性与SAD的发病可能无关.     

BACE2多态性位点rs1046210与阿尔茨海默病相关性的研究

目的分析BACE2基因多态性位点rs1046210与中国汉族人群阿尔茨海默病发病的相关性。方法随机选取20例样本对BACE2第7外显子区域进行PCR扩增和直接测序。筛查出中国北方汉族人群中存在的rs1046210变异位点。随后用微测序的方法对348例阿尔茨海默病患者和294例正常对照者进行多态性分型。结果应用SPSS17.0统计软件包进行等位基因和基因型分布的比较,rs1046210C/T位点的基因型和等位基因频率无统计学差异。根据是否携带ApoEε4等位基因进行进一步分层比较,并且应用Logistic回归分析平衡了年龄、性别和ApoE分型的影响后,该位点仍然不具有统计学意义。结论中国北方汉族人群BACE2第7外显子区域多态性位点rs1046210C/T的等位基因和基因型差异与阿尔茨海默病无关。     

2q33区段CD28/ICOS基因多态性与中国南方汉族人群多发性硬化疾病易感性及严重程度关系的研究

目的 探讨2q33区段CD28及ICOS基因多态性与多发性硬化(MS)遗传易感性及病情严重程度的关系.方法 以来自中国南方汉族人群的83名确诊MS患者(MS组)和110名非自身免疫性疾病患者及健康志愿者(对照组)为研究对象,外周静脉血提取DNA,利用PCR-RFLP技术、琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术分析检测扩增产物CD28及ICOS基因的多态性.免疫荧光双标记流式细胞学法检测2组患者外周静脉血淋巴细胞表面CD28及ICOS表达水平.结果 MS组ICOS-2394位点TT基因型频率明显高于对照组(33.7%vs10.9%),T等位基因频率明显高于对照组(56.0%vs30.9%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).3个位点单核苷酸多态性间无明显联合效应.ICOS-2394多态位点TT基因型与原发进展型(PP)-MS发病相关,而CT基因型与继发进展型(SP)-MS发病无关.3个位点基因型及等位基因频率与MS急性期患病严重程度均无明显相关(P＜0.05).MS组外周血淋巴细胞表面CD28及ICOS的表达均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 中国南方汉族人群ICOS-2394位点多态性与MS发病相关,其中TT基因型与PP-MS发病相关,而CT基因型与SP-MS发病无关,提示该基因为MS的易感基因.CD28基因多态性与MS患病无关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the polymorphisms of CD28 and COS genes in chromosome 2q33 region and susceptibility to and severity of multiple sclerosis (MS).Methods Eighty-three patients diagnosed as having MS from Han population of South China were studied; one hundred and ten patients with non-autoimmune diseases or healthy volunteers were selected as controls.DNA was obtained from peripheral venous blood; the polymorphisms of amplified productions (CD28 and ICOS genes) were detected by PCR-RFLP and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Immunofluorescent two-color flow cytometry was used to study the expressions of CD28 and ICOS genes of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of these 2 groups. Results The genotype frequency of TT at ICOS-2394 site in patients with MS (33.7%) was significantly higher than that in controls (10.9%,P＜ 0.05), and the allele frequency of T in patient group (56.0%) was obviously higher than that in the controls (30.9%, P＜0.05). No marked combined effects were noted in the 3 SNPs (CD28-372, ICOS-2349 and ICOS-2119). TT genotype in the polymorphic site of ICOS-2394 was correlated to primary progressive MS, while CT genotype in the polymorphic site of ICOS-2394 was not correlated to secondary progressive MS. The genotype and allele frequencies of the 3 SNPs had no marked association with the severity of MS (P＞0.05). The levels of CD28 and ICOS gene expressions in lymphocytes of peripheral blood of patients with MS were significantly higher in patients than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion ICOS polymorphisms might be related to MS in Han population of South China,which suggests that ICOS might be one of genes having susceptibility to MS. No association between CD28 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to MS is noted.     

NADPH氧化酶p22~(phox)亚基基因多态性与急性动脉硬化性脑梗死的关联性研究

目的探讨CYBA基因的多态性位点与急性动脉硬化性脑梗死的相关性。方法收集284例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及335例同期健康体检者(对照组),采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测CYBA基因rs4673和rs3180279位点的基因型。结果 rs4673位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在脑梗死组和对照组中差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。脑卒中组男性患者rs3180279位点GC、GG基因型的频率低于对照组,CC基因型的频率高于对照组(P=0.034)。结论 CYBA基因的rs4673位点与中国北方汉族人群的急性动脉硬化性脑梗死无相关性,男性rs3180279位点GG+GC基因型的携带者较CC基因型携带者动脉硬化性脑梗死的发病率可能更低。     

Association of common T cell activation gene polymorphisms with multiple sclerosis in Australian patients

Susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) may be influenced by the interaction of several genes within a biological pathway. T cell activation and costimulation may be potentially important in MS pathogenesis. We have therefore investigated associations between MS and polymorphisms in the CD152 (CTLA-4), CD28, CD80 and CD86 genes in Australian patients. We found no significant MS association with CTLA-4 exon 1 +49 alleles, and meta-analysis showed no significant association across nine comparable datasets (OR=1.04, p=0.54), nor with primary progressive MS across seven datasets (OR=1.19, p=0.21). Haplotype analysis showed a trend towards a decrease of the CTLA-4-1722C, -1577G, +49G haplotype in +49 G positive MS patients compared with controls (p=0.06). Screening of CD28, CD80 and CD86 genes identified novel polymorphisms in the putative promoter regions of CD28 (-372 G/A) and CD86 (exon 2 -359 deletionAAG). There was a significant increase of the CD28 -372 G allele frequency in MS patients vs. controls (p=0.045) and a trend towards a significant interaction between this allele and the CTLA-4 +49 G allele (OR=4.00, p=0.058). Our results suggest that the CTLA-4 +49 alone is not associated with overall susceptibility to MS, but may be important in clinical subsets of patients and/or may interact epistatically with other gene polymorphisms.     

白介素-18基因启动子多态性与阿尔茨海默病的关联分析

目的 探讨IL-18基因启动子区位点单核苷酸多态性与散发性阿尔茨海默病(SAD)的相关关系.方法 采用病例对照的研究方法,共入选SAD患者109例和同期年龄、性别完全匹配的对照组109例.应用序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应技术检测两组对象IL-18基囚启动子-607C/A位点单核苷酸多态性.结果 IL-18基囚启动子-607C/A位点等位基因和基因型分布在SAD组和对照组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.021,P=0.041).SAD组-607CC基因型分布频率明显高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(x2=4.109,P=0.043),携带-607CC基因型的人群患SAD的风险是非携带人群的1.90倍(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.017～3.550).结论 SAD与IL-18基因启动子-607C/A位点单核苷酸多态性相关,其中-607CC基因型的人群发生SAD的风险较其他基因型人群的风险高.     

Multiple sclerosis: The increased frequency of the ICAM-1 exon 6 gene point mutation genetic type K469

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) plays an important role in the cascade of adhesion events in the homing of inflammatory cells to the central nervous system (CNS) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and in multiple sclerosis (MS). Two single-base ICAM-1 polymorphisms have been described, in exons 4 and 6, changing codons 241 and 469 in the ICAM-1 gene, respectively. Both polymorphisms result in amino acid changes and can potentially lead to different interactions of ICAM-1 with its ligands. To detect ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms in MS, we have developed a highly sensitive and site-specific, two-stage, nested polymerase chain reaction. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood cells of 79 MS patients and 68 control subjects. The results were confirmed by direct dideoxy chain termination sequencing. The frequency of exon 6 allele T was found to be significantly higher in MS patients than in controls (68% vs 49%). Most interesting, the frequency of exon 6 homozygote K469 was significantly higher in MS patients than in controls (53% vs 34%). Higher frequency of the K469 genotype was found to be independent of possible linkage with the previously described MS susceptibility factor, the HLA class II DR2 allele. In the present study, we have shown for the first time the ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms in MS. The results indicate increased frequency of ICAM-1 exon 6 allele T in MS patients, which may contribute to the MS genetics background.     

Lack of association of SLC1A1 variants with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population

In this study, we analyzed four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10491734, rs2228622, rs301430 and rs301443) of the solute carrier family 1 gene (SLC1A1) in a set of 616 schizophrenia patients and 638 matched healthy controls of Han Chinese descent. No significant differences of genotype or allele distribution were identified between the patients and controls. Our data suggest that SLC1A1 is unlikely to be a major susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in Han Chinese.     

5-HT1B基因A161T多态性与抑郁症的关联研究

目的探讨抑郁症患者与5-HT1B受体基因A161T多态性之间的关系。方法应用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增技术及限制性片段长度多态性（arLP）分别检测365例抑郁症患者（病例组）、365名健康人（对照组）的5-HT1B受体基因A161T多态性。结果5-HT1B受体基因A161T多态性在病例组和对照组的基因型和等位基因分布频率无显著性差异；按照发病年龄（30岁为界）、有无家族史及有无自杀观念分层后，各亚组与对照组间基因型和等位基因分布也无显著性差异。经多因素分析控制年龄、性别因素后各组基因型分布仍无显著性差异。结论5-HT1B受体基因A161T多态性可能不是抑郁症及其各临床亚型发病的一个危险因素。