CT引导下经皮125I粒子猪胰腺内植入的实验研究

目的比较^125I粒子和单纯吉西他滨化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的作用。方法将46例不能手术切除的中晚期胰腺癌患者分为2组：A组22例（^125I粒子植入组）和B组24例（吉西他滨静脉化疗组）。疗效评价主要指标包括临床受益率、客观肿瘤疗效、安全性和生活质量评估。结果治疗后3个月,有效率A组为45．5％,B组为8．3％。临床受益率A组为47．1％,B组为25．0％。A组无进展生存期中位时间为4个月,B组为3个月。两组毒性反应率和并发症率无差异。结论^125I粒子和吉西他滨在治疗中晚期胰腺癌方面均有一定的缓解率,但^125I粒子比吉西他滨能更好的改善患者的生存质量,提高生存率。     

TACE联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗肝细胞癌门静脉癌栓

目的：探讨TACE联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗肝细胞癌（HCC）门静脉癌栓（PVTT）的方法及疗效。方法纳入TACE联合CT引导下植入125I放射性粒子治疗的HCC合并PVTT患者48例。根据PVTT部位,分为门静脉主干癌栓（A型）、门静脉一级分支癌栓（B型）和门静脉二级及以下分支癌栓（C型）。根据粒子是否植入到PVTT内,分为癌栓内直接植入法（癌栓内部植入组）和癌栓周围植入法（其粒子植入到癌栓周围1．7 cm内的肝实质或肿瘤内,癌栓周围植入组）。比较不同类型PVTT及不同植入方法的癌栓控制率（DCR）、癌栓进展时间（TTP）及患者总生存率（OS）。结果48例患者均成功进行TACE及粒子植入治疗。A、B、C型PVTT患者,中位OS（mOS）分别为8、11．5和15个月,组间差异有统计学意义（P=0．003）;癌栓DCR分别为61．5%、70．8%和72．7%（P=0．548）,肝内肿瘤DCR分别为69．2%、75．0%和81．8%（P=0．483）;癌栓中位TTP分别为4．5、8和11个月（P=0．030）,肝内肿瘤中位TTP分别为5、9和9．5个月。癌栓内部植入组和癌栓周围植入组的mOS分别为10和11．5个月（P=0．239）;癌栓DCR分别为69．2%、68．2%（P=0．591）,肝内肿瘤DCR分别为73．1%和77．3%（P=0．502）;癌栓中位TTP分别为7和10个月（P=0．276）,肝内肿瘤中位TTP分别为8和9．5个月（P=0．089）。结论 TACE联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗HCC伴PVTT,可有效控制PVTT和肝内肿瘤进展,延长患者生存期;癌栓内直接植入法和癌栓周围植入法,对PVTT的疗效无影响。     

动脉灌注化疗联合CT引导下放射性125I粒子植入术治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床研究

目的 探讨经动脉灌注化疗(transarterial chemotherapy,TAC)联合CT引导下的放射性125I粒子植入术治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床疗效及应用价值.方法 将57例不能手术切除的中晚期胰腺癌患者随机分成2组,进行前瞻性随机对照研究,分别采用动脉灌注化疗联合CT引导下的放射性125I粒子植入术(30例)及全身静脉化疗(27例),比较TAC联合125I粒子植入和单纯静脉化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的效果,评价其疗效和安全性.结果 临床受益疗效治疗组为60.0%(18/30),而对照组为25.9%(7/27);肿瘤治疗客观有效率治疗组为36.6%(11/30),对照组为11.1%(3/27).中位生存期:治疗组为296 d,对照组为189 d.结论 TAC联合125I粒子植入术疗效明显优于较单纯静脉化疗,TAC联合125I粒子植入术是治疗中晚期胰腺癌较为有效的方法.     

^125 I粒子植入联合化疗对不可手术切除Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的观察^125 I粒子植入联合吉西他滨和顺铂（简称GP）方案治疗不可手术切除Ⅲ期NSCLC的临床疗效。方法2005年1月至2008年6月的不可手术切除Ⅲ期NSCLC患者39例,给予^125 I粒子植入联合GP方案（按体表面积吉西他滨1000mg／m2,顺铂75mg／m2）化疗（联合组）。采用TPS制定”I粒子植入数量和布源方法,在CT引导下经皮穿刺组织间植人^125 I粒子,处方剂量为110—130Gy,术后应用TPS进行剂量验证。植入术后1周开始化疗。另设同时期39例不可手术切除Ⅲ期NSCLC患者为对照组,行3D—CRT序贯GP方案化疗。所有患者均经病理学检查确诊,化疗后每3个月复查胸部CT,随访24个月。比较2组患者的近期（即治疗开始后3个月）有效率、生存率、生存时间差异,数据分析采用x2检验、Kaplan—Meier法、Log-rank法。结果联合组近期有效率为71．8％（28／39）,与对照组（61．5％,24／39）相比差异无统计学意义（x2=0．93,P〉0．05）,但肿瘤CR率与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（x2=4．48,P〈0．05）;联合组和对照组的1年生存率分别为79．5％（31／39）和66．7％（26／39）,差异无统计学意义（x2=1．57,P〉0．05）,2年生存率分别为41．0％（16／39）和23．1％（9／39）,差异有统计学意义（x2=4．07,P〈0．05）。联合组和对照组的中位生存时间分别为（18．9±2．7）个月和（14．2±0．7）个月,差异有统计学意义（x2=4．63,P〈0．05）。联合组Ⅲ～Ⅳ级放射性肺炎、放射性食管炎及骨髓抑制总发生率和对照组差异有统计学意义（x2=13．94,P〈0．05）。^125I粒子植入术中发生轻度气胸2例,出现术后少量咳血痰2例,无粒子局部脱落者。结论^125I粒子植入联合GP方案化疗治疗不可手术切除Ⅲ期NSCLC有很好的肿瘤CR率及2年生存率;^125I粒子植入是有效的、安全的微创介入治疗方法。     

125I粒子联合动脉化疗治疗胰腺癌的近期疗效

目的 评价125I粒子近距离放疗联合动脉灌注化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床效果.方法 90例胰腺癌患者分为3组,30例行动脉灌注化疗,30例行125I粒子植入,30例用2种方法联合治疗.结果 动脉灌注化疗组有效率为33.3%(10/30),粒子植入组有效率为43.3%(13/30),联合组有效率为70%(21/30).联合组与前两组相比分别有显著差异(P<0.05).结论 125I粒子联合动脉灌注化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌可以提高有效率.     

支气管动脉灌注联合125I粒子植入治疗中晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的:探讨支气管动脉灌注联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗中晚期肺部恶性肿瘤的临床疗效。方法:对102例中晚期肺癌患者分为两组,A组57例支气管动脉灌注联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗;B组45例支气管动脉灌注治疗,术后4周开始行CT随访,根据实体瘤疗效评价标准(RECIST)及患者生存时间评价两组的疗效。结果:术后12个月两组有效率(CR+PR)分别为83.3%、46.7%;A、B两组有显著性差异(P<0.05);术后6个月、12个月和24个月生存率A组为91.2%,82.5%,63.2%,明显高于B组的60%,33.3%,6.7%(P<0.05)。结论:支气管动脉灌注联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗中晚期肺癌是一种疗效显著、微创、安全的方法,是现阶段治疗中晚期肺癌的新选择。     

125I放射性粒子支架植入联合TACE治疗肝门部胆管癌的临床疗效对比分析

目的 对比分析125I放射性粒子支架植入联合TACE与单纯125I放射性粒子支架植入治疗肝门部胆管癌的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析21例肝门部胆管癌患者,125I放射性粒子支架植入联合TACE 11例为A组,单纯125I放射性粒子支架植入10例为B组.A组患者125I放射性粒子支架植入后2～3周行TACE,以后根据复查结果按需行TACE.B组患者125I放射性粒子支架植入后未行任何放、化疗.结果 A、B两组125I放射性粒子支架植入后10 d、1个月、3个月、6个月总胆红素与术前相比较均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);A、B两组比较术后1个月差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术后10 d、3个月、6个月差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A、B两组患者术后1、3和6个月靶病灶进展率(PD)分别为9.1％、18.1％、36.4％和10.0％、30.0％、70.0％,A、B两组术后1个月比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后3、6个月比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).A组与B组的胆道平均通畅时间分别为(8.68±1.06)个月和(6.15±1.12)个月,A、B两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).A组患者中位生存期为9个月,B组患者中位生存期为8个月,A、B两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 与B组相比,A组患者术后的靶病灶进展率降低,胆道通畅时间及患者的生存时间明显延长,整个治疗过程中未出现与125I放射性胆道粒子支架及TACE治疗相关的严重并发症,125I放射性粒子支架植入联合TACE对肝门部胆管癌的治疗值得进一步临床研究.     

CT引导下125I放射性粒子植入治疗肝癌门静脉癌栓的疗效评价

目的探讨CT引导下^125I放射性粒子植入联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗肝癌合并门静脉癌栓（PVTT）的疗效。方法回顾性分析原发性肝癌合并PVTT患者58例,A组（26例）行TACE结合CT引导下^125I放射性粒子植入局部放射治疗;B组（32例）单纯行TACE。对比两组疗效。结果 A组1、2年生存率分别为42.3%、23.0%,平均生存期15.5个月,完全缓解（CR）3例,部分缓解（PR）9例,总有效率（CR＋PR）为46.2%（12/26）。B组1、2年生存率分别为21.9%、6.3%,平均生存期7.5个月CR2例,PR6例,CR＋PR为25.0%（8/32）。A组的生存率及总有效率显著高于B组（P〈0.05）。结论 TACE联合CT引导下^125I放射性粒子植入治疗肝癌门脉癌栓能明显提高其疗效,并具有创伤少,并发症少等优点。     

TACE、~(125)I粒子内放疗联合外放疗治疗中晚期肝癌的临床观察

目的探讨TACE、~(125)I粒子植入内放疗联合三维适形放疗治疗(3DCRT)中晚期HCC的疗效及安全性。方法分析收治的100例无外科手术指征的中晚期HCC患者资料。根据单盲随机化法分组:A组22例接受TACE方案,B组35例接受TACE+~(125)I方案,C组43例接受TACE+~(125)I+3DCRT方案。比较治疗后三组AFP指标、近期疗效、远期疗效和不良反应。结果 A组客观有效率、疾病控制率和临床受益率(ORR、DCR和CBR)分别为31. 8%、54. 5%、40. 90%,B组分别为62. 9%、80. 0%、68. 60%,C组分别为83. 7%、95. 3%、88. 40%,三组分别比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05); AFP指标:A组为(129. 54±37. 33) ng/ml、B组为(84. 97±26. 84) ng/ml、C组为(49. 77±31. 55) ng/ml,三组分别比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05); C组m PFS、m OS分别为10. 7、22. 0个月,高于B组8. 5、15. 6个月,高于A组5. 1、11. 3个月,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);消化道反应、血液毒性、肝损伤、放射性肝炎,三组比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论对于中晚期HCC患者,TACE、~(125)I粒子植入内放疗联合3DCRT方案治疗是一种安全、有效的治疗手段。     

CT引导下~(125)I放射性粒子植入和单纯化疗治疗胰腺癌的疗效评价

目的 比较~(125)I粒子和单纯吉西他滨化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的作用.方法 将46例不能手术切除的中晚期胰腺癌患者分为2组:A组22例(~(125)I粒子植入组)和B组24例(吉西他滨静脉化疗组).疗效评价主要指标包括临床受益率、客观肿瘤疗效、安全性和生活质量评估.结果 治疗后3个月,有效率A组为45.5%,B组为8.3%.临床受益率A组为47.1%,B组为25.0%.A组无进展生存期中位时间为4个月,B组为3个月.两组毒性反应率和并发症率无差异.结论 ~(125)I粒子和吉西他滨在治疗中晚期胰腺癌方面均有一定的缓解率,但~(125)I粒子比吉西他滨能更好的改善患者的生存质量,提高生存率.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.