中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化分布特点及影响因素分析

目的 探讨我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的分布特点以及与心血管病危险因素的关系.方法 对中美协作研究队列中的石景山人群和多省市队列中的北京大学社区人群2007年9至10月期间的心血管病危险因素以及颈动脉超声的横断面复查结果进行分析.参加调查人数共计2681名,年龄43～81岁.结果 (1)颈动脉内中膜36点厚度平均值为0.68 mm,最大值为1.07 mm.(2)颈动脉斑块检出率为60.3%.男女两性颈动脉膨大部斑块检出率分别为61.2%和51.6%(x~2=23.44,P<0.01).颈内动脉斑块检出率分别为24.7%和12.2%(x~2=69.57,P<0.01).颈总动脉斑块检出率分别为20.9%和13.8%(x~2=23.18,P<0.01).(3)多因素分析:男女两性颈动脉内中膜厚度平均值和最大值随着收缩压、血糖及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的增加而增加.与无危险因素者比较,高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症者颈动脉斑块检出率较高(P<0.05).结论 我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化普遍存在,且与多个心血管病危险因素有关联.     

中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化分布特点及影响因素分析

目的 探讨我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的分布特点以及与心血管病危险因素的关系.方法 对中美协作研究队列中的石景山人群和多省市队列中的北京大学社区人群2007年9至10月期间的心血管病危险因素以及颈动脉超声的横断面复查结果进行分析.参加调查人数共计2681名,年龄43～81岁.结果 (1)颈动脉内中膜36点厚度平均值为0.68 mm,最大值为1.07 mm.(2)颈动脉斑块检出率为60.3%.男女两性颈动脉膨大部斑块检出率分别为61.2%和51.6%(x~2=23.44,P<0.01).颈内动脉斑块检出率分别为24.7%和12.2%(x~2=69.57,P<0.01).颈总动脉斑块检出率分别为20.9%和13.8%(x~2=23.18,P<0.01).(3)多因素分析:男女两性颈动脉内中膜厚度平均值和最大值随着收缩压、血糖及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的增加而增加.与无危险因素者比较,高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症者颈动脉斑块检出率较高(P<0.05).结论 我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化普遍存在,且与多个心血管病危险因素有关联.     

中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化分布特点及影响因素分析

目的 探讨我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的分布特点以及与心血管病危险因素的关系.方法 对中美协作研究队列中的石景山人群和多省市队列中的北京大学社区人群2007年9至10月期间的心血管病危险因素以及颈动脉超声的横断面复查结果进行分析.参加调查人数共计2681名,年龄43～81岁.结果 (1)颈动脉内中膜36点厚度平均值为0.68 mm,最大值为1.07 mm.(2)颈动脉斑块检出率为60.3%.男女两性颈动脉膨大部斑块检出率分别为61.2%和51.6%(x~2=23.44,P<0.01).颈内动脉斑块检出率分别为24.7%和12.2%(x~2=69.57,P<0.01).颈总动脉斑块检出率分别为20.9%和13.8%(x~2=23.18,P<0.01).(3)多因素分析:男女两性颈动脉内中膜厚度平均值和最大值随着收缩压、血糖及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的增加而增加.与无危险因素者比较,高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症者颈动脉斑块检出率较高(P<0.05).结论 我国中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化普遍存在,且与多个心血管病危险因素有关联.     

高尿酸血症与新发颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

目的 通过分析人群高尿酸血症与颈动脉斑块发生的关系,探讨血清尿酸在动脉粥样硬化疾病早期预防中的价值.方法 研究对象是中国多省市心血管病研究(CMCS)中的一部分,2002年对1442人进行危险因素调查和颈动脉超声检查,2007年进行第二次颈动脉超声检查,本研究对两次资料完整且基线无颈动脉斑块的810人进行分析.结果 (1)基线高尿酸血症患病率年龄标化后为5.4%,男性7.7%,女性3.9%;(2)5年问颈动脉斑块发病率年龄标化后为45.3%,男性51.7%,女性42.7%,颈总动脉分叉处斑块发病率在四个测量部位中最高;(3)调整年龄、吸烟、高TC、高TG、高血压、糖尿病、超重和肥胖等因素,女性高尿酸血症是颈总动脉分叉处新发斑块的独立的危险因素,OR为3.56(P=0.02,95%CI=1.21～10.41).结论 高尿酸血症对女性颈总动脉分叉处斑块发生有独立的预测作用,对男性颈动脉斑块形成无独立的影响作用.     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀治疗颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的临床观察

目的 观察不同剂量阿托伐他汀对老年男性患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的消退作用及降脂疗效.方法 采用彩色多普勒超声检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成者90例,随机分为两组,分别口服阿托伐他汀10 mg、20 mg,共16周,观察治疗前后颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的变化.结果 阿托伐他汀10 mg、20 mg均能明显消退颈动脉粥样硬化斑块[IMT:10 mg组:治疗后(1.23 0.19)mm比治疗前(1.48 0.26)mm,P＜0.05;20 mg组:治疗后(1.03 0.2)mm比治疗前(1.46 0.23)mm,P＜0.05],降低TC、TG、LDL-C水平(P＜0.05),升高HDL-C水平.与10 mg阿托伐他汀组比较,20 mg阿托伐他汀能更进一步降低TC、LDL-C和升高HDL-C水平(P＜0.05).结论 阿托伐他汀可消退颈动脉粥样硬化斑块,有效降低血脂水平.     

辛伐他汀干预对缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响

目的 评价辛伐他汀对缺血性脑卒中患者血脂及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响.方法 40例缺血性脑卒中伴颈动脉粥样硬化的患者口服辛伐他汀20mg,每晚1次,治疗12个月,分别测定其治疗前后总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)及颈动脉斑块最大长度和厚度.结果 辛伐他汀治疗12个月后,患者TC、TG、LDL-C显著低于治疗前水平(P＜0.01),HDL-C水平明显升高(P＜0.01).颈动脉IMT及颈动脉斑块大小明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 辛伐他汀通过调脂,减少颈动脉内中膜厚度,对改善缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉粥样硬化及稳定斑块有重要作用.     

低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与心血管病发病关系的前瞻性研究

目的研究我国人群低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的分布特征及其与心血管病发病的关系.方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法,对11省市队列人群(35～64岁)共29564人于1992年进行基线调查.对1992～1999年共129350观察人年中发生的心血管病事件进行登记.分析人群基线调查的LDL-C分布特征及其与心血管病发病的关系.结果(1)男女两性LDL-C均值分别为2.65mmol/L和2.70mmol/L(P＜0.01).LDL-C随年龄的增加而升高,女性50～54岁组升高最多;(2)LDL-C超过中位数(2.60mmol/L)时男性缺血性心血管病发病率明显升高;(3)甘油三酯升高(男性≥1.24mmol/L;女性≥1.13mmol/L)合并LDL-C升高者,男女冠心病发病率分别是单纯LDL-C升高者的3倍和2倍;(4)C0x回归显示本研究人群LDL-C每升高1mmol/L可使男性冠心病增加36%,缺血性卒中增加31%.结论我国人群的LDL-C处于较低水平,但LDL-C仍是男性缺血性心血管病(冠心病、缺血性脑卒中)的"独立”危险因素.心血管病防治中不应"独立”地看待某一因素,更应注重多因素的协同作用.     

1331人基线血压水平及10年血压变化与颈动脉粥样硬化关系的研究

目的探讨北京地区队列人群基线(1992年)血压水平及10年(1992年至2002年)血压的变化与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法1992年在北京大学社区建立了年龄为35～64岁共1985人的心血管病危险因素研究队列,取得了基线调查数据;在2002年对该人群再次进行了心血管病危险因素调查,并进行了颈动脉超声检查。本研究对两次调查资料完整的1331人基线血压水平及10年血压的变化与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系进行了分析。结果(1)北京地区45～74岁研究人群中颈动脉内中膜(IMT)的增厚率为514%,颈动脉斑块的患病率为347%。(2)高血压者颈动脉斑块的患病率(495%)明显高于血压正常者(289%)(P<0001)。随着血压水平的增加,颈动脉IMT增厚、颈动脉斑块的患病率均呈增加趋势。在血压≥180/110mmHg(1mmHg=0133kPa)时,颈动脉IMT增厚的相对危险是理想血压组的18倍,而颈动脉斑块的相对危险是理想血压组的56倍。(3)1992年和2002年查体血压均正常者其颈动脉斑块或IMT增厚的患病率为506%;1992年检查高血压,2002年检查血压正常者其颈动脉斑块或IMT增厚的患病率为636%;1992年和2002年查体均为高血压者其颈动脉斑块或IMT增厚的患病率为742%。结论在北京地区45～74岁的研究人群中,颈动脉粥样硬化是普遍存在的。随着基线血压水平的上升,无论是颈动脉斑块、     

社区2型糖尿病患者血脂控制现状的调查探究

选取2016年4月到2017年4月本社区T_2DM患者120例,对患者血清中等指标进行检测,观察各组指标达标情况。结果:总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、HDL-C达标率分别为35%、64.17%、66.67%、40%,其中TC的达标率最低,男性TC达标率明显高于女性,P0.05。结论:社区T_2DM患者中TC、LDL-C达标率偏低,应提高社区人群对糖尿病的意识。     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀治疗颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的临床观察

目的观察不同剂量阿托伐他汀对老年男性患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的消退作用及降脂疗效。方法采用彩色多普勒超声检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成者90例,随机分为两组,分别口服阿托伐他汀10mg、20mg,共16周,观察治疗前后颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的变化。结果阿托伐他汀10mg、20mg均能明显消退颈动脉粥样硬化斑块[IMT10mg组治疗后(1.23 0.19)mm比治疗前(1.48 0.26)mm,P<0.05;20mg组治疗后(1.03 0.2)mm比治疗前(1.46 0.23)mm,P<0.05],降低TC、TG、LDL-C水平(P<0.05),升高HDL-C水平。与10mg阿托伐他汀组比较,20mg阿托伐他汀能更进一步降低TC、LDL-C和升高HDL-C水平(P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀可消退颈动脉粥样硬化斑块,有效降低血脂水平。     

低密度与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值对冠心病的诊断价值

目的 探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)浓度的比值与冠心病(CHD)的相关性。方法 对68例胸痛患者行冠状动脉造影,并同时测定其血脂成分。结果CHD组总胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C高于对照组,HDL-C(低于对照组。LDL-C/HDL-C与CHD的相关性最强(OR=3.79,OR95％Cl=1.88-6.14)。结论 CHD患者存在多种血脂异常,LDL-C/HDL-C是一项有较好使用价值的CHD预测指标。     

血脂指标动态变化与冠心病患者择期经皮冠状动脉介入术后非靶血管病变进展的关系研究

背景冠心病(CHD)患者采用经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)具有确切效果,但存在靶血管支架再狭窄和非靶血管病变进展问题。目的探讨血脂指标动态变化与CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的关系。方法选取2017年1月-2019年5月空军军医大学第一附属医院心内科择期PCI后二次入院的CHD患者150例,根据非靶血管病变进展情况分为进展组45例和无进展组105例。比较两组患者性别、年龄、民族(包括回族、汉族)、吸烟情况、既往史(高血压、糖尿病)、CHD家族史、体质指数(BMI)、随访时间及syntax积分及第1次入院、第2次入院血脂指标〔包括总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)、TG/HDL-C及non-HDL-C/HDL-C〕;CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线以评价non-HDL-C对CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的预测价值。结果进展组患者女性比例、糖尿病发生率、syntax积分高于无进展组,第1次入院TC、TG、non-HDL-C低于无进展组,两次入院TC、TG、LDL-C、non-HDL-C、TG/HDL-C、non-HDL-C/HDL-C差值高于无进展组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别〔OR=0.302,95%CI(0.122,0.751)〕、糖尿病〔OR=2.946,95%CI(1.222,7.102)〕、non-HDL-C动态变化〔OR=1.900,95%CI(1.131,3.192)〕、TG/HDL-C动态变化〔OR=1.506,95%CI(1.024,2.215)〕是CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,non-HDL-C动态变化与TG/HDL-C动态变化预测CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的曲线下面积(AUC)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 non-HDL-C动态变化、TG/HDL-C动态变化是CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的独立影响因素,且其对CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展有一定的预测价值。     

Aerobic exercise and lipids and lipoproteins in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: Use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) in children and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trials which were limited to aerobic exercise >or=4 weeks in children and adolescents 5-19 years of age. RESULTS: Twelve outcomes representing 389 subjects were available for pooling. Using random-effects modeling, a trend for statistically significant decreases of 12% was found for TG (X +/-S.E.M., -11.0+/-6.1mg/dl; 95% CI, -22.8-0.8 mg/dl) with no statistically significant changes for TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Decreases in LDL-C were associated with increased training intensity (r=-0.89; 99% CI, -0.99 to -0.04) and older age (r=-0.90; 99% CI, -0.99 to -0.25) while increases in HDL-C were associated with lower initial HDL-C (r=-0.75; 99% CI, -0.94 to -0.80). Statistically significant decreases in TG were observed in overweight/obese subjects with a trend for increases in HDL-C (TG, X +/-S.E.M., -23.9+/-7.0mg/dl; 95% CI, -37.6 to -10.1mg/dl; HDL-C, X +/-S.E.M., 4.0+/-2.3mg/dl; 95% CI, -0.5-8.5mg/dl). CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise decreases TG in overweight/obese children and adolescents.     

Association between traditional cholesterol parameters, lipoprotein particle concentration, novel biomarkers and carotid plaques in retired National Football League players

ObjectivesWe assessed whether low-density lipoprotein particle concentration (LDL-P) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] can identify subclinical atherosclerosis better than traditional cholesterol parameters in retired National Football League (NFL) players.BackgroundIt is not known whether LDL-P and the biomarker hs-CRP can identify subclinical atherosclerosis better than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in retired NFL players, given high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in these players.MethodsCarotid artery plaque screening was performed with traditional lipids, LDL-P, and hs-CRP in 996 retired players. Logistic regression analyses comparing highest with the lowest quartile were performed.ResultsCarotid artery plaques were seen in 41%. LDL-C (odds ratio [OR] 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–2.59), non-HDL-C (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04–2.67), and LDL-P (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.35–3.62) were associated with plaques in adjusted models. Among 187 retired players with metabolic syndrome, LDL-C (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.53–3.72) was not associated with carotid plaques, whereas LDL-P (OR 3.71, 95% CI 1.16–11.84) and non-HDL-C (OR 2.63, 95% CI 0.91–7.63, p = 0.07; borderline significant) were associated with carotid plaques. hs-CRP (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.71–1.79) was not associated with carotid plaques.ConclusionCarotid artery plaques were common in retired NFL players and were strongly associated with LDL-P, especially among those with metabolic syndrome. hs-CRP was not associated with carotid plaques in this cohort.     

Lipid profiles and the risk of new-onset hypertension in a Chinese community-based cohort

Background and aimsDyslipidemia and hypertension, key risk factors for cardiovascular disease, may share similar pathophysiological processes. A longitudinal association was reported between dyslipidemia and new-onset hypertension, but few data were published in Asian. We aimed to investigate the association of lipid profiles with new-onset hypertension in a Chinese community-based non-hypertensive cohort without lipid-lowering treatment (n = 1802).Methods and resultsNew-onset hypertension was defined as any self-reported history of hypertension, systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or receiving antihypertensive medications at follow-up. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations. Participants were aged 53.97 ± 7.49 years, 31.19% were men, and 64.54% with dyslipidemia. During a median of 2.30 years follow-up, the incidence of new-onset hypertension was 12.99%. Multivariate adjusted risks of new-onset hypertension increased with triglyceride increases (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.27) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreases (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29–0.76) for one unit. However, threshold effects were observed for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C. Compared with subjects with hyperlipidemia, in those with normal concentrations of TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C increased risks of new-onset hypertension were observed with OR (95% CI) of 1.65 (1.10–2.46), 1.58 (1.07–2.33), and 1.57 (1.15–2.15) for one unit increasement, respectively, after adjusting for all covariates.ConclusionHigher TG and lower HDL-C increased the risk of new-onset hypertension, but for TC, LDL-C and non-HDLC, the risk of new-onset hypertension was increased only at normal concentrations in a Chinese community-based cohort.     

老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化与其相关危险因素.方法 老年2型糖尿病组(260例)和对照组(206例),分别记录两组患者的年龄、性别、体重指数(BMI)、血压(BP)、糖尿病病程、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(PPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆同醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)等,并同时进行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,测量颈动脉内膜.中层厚度及动脉粥样硬化斑块的大小、位置及数量.采用Logistic回归模型分析颈动脉粥样硬化与各因素的相关性.结果 (1)糖尿病组颈动脉内膜-中层明显增厚者241例(92.6%),对照组43例(20.8%);糖尿病组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块者212例(81.3%),对照组42例(20.3%);糖尿病组颈动脉狭窄为89例(34.2%),对照组3例(0.01%).糖尿病组颈动脉血管病变与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为249.06、173.32、77.92,均P<0.01);(2)糖尿病组FPG、PPG、TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB和CRP与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(t值分别为16.99、15.82、15.92、6.43、10.84、3.69、17.09,均P<0.05);而HDL-C、ApoA则降低(t值分别为4.54、37.74,均P<0.05).糖尿病合并颈动脉病变较无颈动脉病变者HbA1c、TG、LDL-C、ApoB和CRP升高(t值分别为3.02、3.26、3.79、9.06、2.50,均P<0.01);(3)Logistic分析显示年龄、性别、病程、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG、收缩压和CRP等因素是老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉病变发生的独立危险因素(OR值分别为1.063、1.925、1.081、1.039、0.138、1.865、5.145、5.663,均P<0.05).结论 老年2型糖尿病颈动脉病变与多种危险因素有关,早期较好地干预、控制这些危险因素对预防及治疗具有重要的临床意义.     

Usefulness of lipoprotein ratios in assessing carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients

ObjectiveIt is indicated that total/HDL cholesterol and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratios have more predictive power for cardiovascular disease compared to classic lipid parameters. However, there have been few reports about the usefulness of these indices for the assessment of early stage atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects.MethodsWe examined the relation between various lipid parameters and carotid atherosclerosis in 934 type 2 diabetic subjects without apparent atherosclerotic diseases (males, 71.7%; age, 59.6 ± 10.5 years (mean ± SD)). Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride were measured. LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) level was calculated using the Friedewald formula. The presence of carotid plaque and intima-media thickness (IMT) were evaluated by ultrasonography.ResultsA stepwise multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that HDL-C (β = ?0.110, p < 0.001), TC/HDL-C (β = 0.132, p < 0.001) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios (β = 0.132, p < 0.001) were independent determinants of IMT even after adjustment of other conventional risk factors. However, there was no significant correlation between IMT and TC, triglyceride, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels. TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and non-HDL-C levels were significantly higher, but HDL-C levels were significantly lower in patients with carotid plaque than those without it (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding TC, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, TC/HDL-C (OR; 1.34, p < 0.001) and LDL-C/HDL-C (OR; 1.54, p < 0.001) ratios showed a positive and linear relationship with the prevalence of carotid plaque, whether covariates were adjusted or not.ConclusionsTC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios are useful as a tool to assess the risk of early stage atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.     

冠心病患者血脂异常与冠状动脉病变的相关性分析

目的探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉病变范围及狭窄程度与血脂的关系。方法 9847例疑诊冠心病并行诊断性冠状动脉造影的住院患者中,确诊冠心病6419例(65.2%),排除3428例(34.8%),以冠状动脉造影阳性(主要血管直径狭窄≥50%)作为诊断冠心病的标准。冠状动脉造影病变程度采用Gensini积分评价。术前进行甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)检查,对比分析冠心病组冠状动脉狭窄程度及范围与血脂的关系。结果对6419例冠心病患者进行统计学分析显示TC、LDL-C随着冠状动脉病变支数及病变程度(冠状动脉病变Gensini积分)的增加而升高,并与之成明显的负相关(P<0.001);而高密度脂蛋白则随着病变支数和病变程度(冠状动脉病变Gensini积分)的增加而降低,呈明显的负相关(P<0.001),进一步多元线性回归分析显示HDL-C(β=-0.075,OR值-5.580,95%CI:-7.541～-3.618,P<0.001)与冠状动脉病变程度成独立正相关,低密度脂蛋白(β=0.067,OR值2.712,95%CI:0.943～4.481,P=0.003)与冠状动脉病变程度成独立正相关,而与TG(β=0.002,OR值0.067,95%CI:-0.689～0.822,P=0.863)、TC(β=0.034,OR值1.080,95%CI:-0.392～2.553,P=0.150)无独立相关性。结论 TG、TC、LDL-C可以作为冠心病的危险因素,而HDL-C与冠状动脉病变程度成独立负相关,LDL-C与冠状动脉病变程度成独立正相关。虽然TG和TC在本研究中未体现出与冠状动脉病变程度存在独立相关性,但因本研究为横断面研究,研究结果存在一定的局限性,应结合临床具体分析。所以积极控制血脂对防止冠心病有积极意义。     

Aerobic exercise and lipids and lipoproteins in patients with cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

PURPOSE: Use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins in adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: Studies were retrieved via electronic databases, review of reference lists from retrieved articles, including reviews, and hand searching. Inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized controlled trials, (2) aerobic exercise >or=4 weeks as an intervention, (3) studies published in English language only between January 1, 1955 and January 1, 2005, (4) studies published in journals or as dissertations or master's theses, (5) human subjects >or=18 years, (6) all subjects diagnosed with some type of CVD, and (7) pre and post data available for total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and/or triglycerides (TG). Random-effects models were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the more than 3,000 studies reviewed, a total of 10 representing 1,260 subjects (580 exercise, 680 control) were included in our analysis. There was a statistically significant increase of 9% in HDL-C (mean +/- SEM, 3.7 +/- 1.3 mg/dL; 95% CI, 1.2 to 6.1 mg/dL) and a statistically significant decrease of 11% in TG (-19.3 +/- 5.4 mg/dL; 95% CI, -30.1 to -8.5 mg/dL), but no statistically significant decreases in TC or LDL-C (TC, -8.8 +/- 6.8 mg/dL; 95% CI, -22.3 to 4.7 mg/dL; LDL-C, -7.7 +/- 6.0 mg/dL; 95% CI, -19.5 to 4.2 mg/dL). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that chronic aerobic exercise increases HDL-C and decreases TG in adults, especially men, with CVD.     

Novel application of the traditional lipid ratios as strong risk predictors of nonsmall-cell lung cancer risk in a Chinese population

Dyslipidemia has been associated with cancer risk, yet the relationship between lipid ratios and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the value of lipid ratios, including total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and triglyceride/HDL-C (TG/HDL-C) as predictors of NSCLC in a Chinese population. Adult patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC, without a previous history of cancer, concomitant disease associated with lipid metabolism disorders, or usage of lipid-lowering drugs, were enrolled from a single center. Controls without NSCLC, matched for age and sex, were enrolled from the same Center. Lipid profile including TC, TG, HDL-C were measured in all participants. TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C were calculated based on the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C. Seven hundred eighty-two NSCLC cases and 599 controls were enrolled. NSCLC patients had significantly higher TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C levels than those in the control. After controlling for confounding factors, TG/HDL-C (OR = 4.489, 95% CI: 2.463–6.035, P < .001) and TC/HDL-C (OR = 2.396, 95% CI: 2.086–2.752, P = .001) were independently associated with NSCLC risk. The incidence of NSCLC was increased with rising tertiles of TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C. Moreover, patients with TNM II-IV stage NSCLC had higher TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C than those in TNM I and Tis stage. TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C are positively correlated with NSCLC risk and TG/HDL-C is more predictive than TC/HDL-C in predicting the risk of NSCLC. The highest AUC was that of TG/HDL (0.898), at a cutoff point of 0.62, with 83.6% sensitivity and 83.5% specificity.