中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者脂代谢的影响

目的探讨中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者血脂的影响。方法将112名高甘油三酯血症患者分为2组,分别食用中长链脂肪酸食用油和长链脂肪酸食用油,指导每日运动量、热能和食用油摄入量(25～30g/d)。研究开始前和8w后对两组研究对象进行人体测量、血生化检测。结果有11人退出研究,中长链脂肪酸食用油和长链脂肪酸食用油组分别有51人和50人,两组间性别分布没有差别。研究前、第2、4、6、8w,两组间热能、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和体力活动时间也无差别。与研究前相比,食用中长链脂肪酸食用油8w后体重、BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、体脂肪量、体脂肪百分比等人体测量指标明显降低,而且体重、BMI、腰围、体脂肪、体脂肪百分比降低的程度明显优于长链脂肪酸食用油组。中长链脂肪酸食用油组8w后TG、ApoB、ApoAII、ApoC2、ApoC3水平明显下降,且降低的程度均明显优于长链脂肪酸食用油组。结论合理膳食条件下,中长链脂肪酸食用油可减轻高甘油三酯血症患者体重,降低血甘油三酯水平,改善脂蛋白代谢。     

中长链脂肪酸食用油对男性高甘油三酯血症患者脂代谢的影响

目的 探讨中长链脂肪酸对中老年男性脂代谢的影响,从而有效控制血脂、降低心脑血管患病风险.方法 采用病例对照研究的方法 ,将67名男性高甘油三酯血症患者分为2个组,食用中长链脂肪酸食用油(MLCT)组(n=33人)和食用长链脂肪酸食用油(LCT)组(n=34人),并规定每日运动量、热能摄入量和食用油摄入量.于实验前和实验8周后对2个组进行人体测量(体质量、BMI、体脂质量)以及检测血生化指标(ALT、AST、Glucose、,TC、TG、HDL-C、LDLC 和载脂蛋白).结果 8周后MLCT组体质量为(71.8±10.5)kg,明显低于实验前[(73.9±10.4)kg](P<0.05);体脂质量为(14.5±3.7)kg,明显低于实验前[(16.1±3.7)kg](P<0.05);甘油三酯为(2.16±1.04)mmol/L,明显低于实验前[(2.65±0.78)mmol/,L,P<0.05].而LCT组的甘油三酯,体质量和体脂质量无明显改变.8周后,MLCT组体质量、体脂质量和TG均明显低于LCT组(P<0.05).结论 中长链脂肪酸食用油可降低血甘油三酯水平,减轻男性高甘油三酯血症患者体质量、体脂质量.     

中长链脂肪酸对不同年龄男性高甘油三酯血症者体成分的影响

目的探讨中长链脂肪酸食用油对不同年龄男性高甘油三酯血症患者体成分的影响,为中长链脂肪酸食用油可以减轻体质量,降低血脂提供理论依据。方法将67名男性高甘油三酯血症患者随机分为中长链脂肪酸食用油组（MLCT）和长链脂肪酸食用油组（LCT）。各组再按年龄分为60岁以下成年组和60岁以上老年组。控制每日膳食摄入量及食用油摄入量（每人每天25-30g）,规定运动方式,实验周期为8周。分别于实验开始前和8周后对2组实验对象进行人体成分测量、腹部CT扫描以及血生化指标检测。结果实验前2组间体成分测量指标、腹部CT扫描结果及血生化指标差异无显著性。实验结束后,成年MLCT组体质量、BMI分别为（72．45±10．30）kg、（25．02±3．01）kg／m2,显著低于成年LCT组[（74．83±8．98）kg、（27．03±4．86）kg／m2,P〈0．05];前者体脂肪质量、腹部皮下脂肪面积分别为（14．68±3．50）kg、（138．38±34．55）cm2,也显著低于后者[（16．33±3．13）kg、（157．64±36．17）cm2,P〈0．05]。成年MLCT组血液TG浓度为（2．21±1．16）mmol／L,也明显低于成年LcT组[（3．41±1．32）mmol／L,P〈0．05]。老年2组各项指标之间差异无统计学意义。结论在合理膳食条件下,食用中长链脂肪酸食用油可降低成年男性高甘油三酯血症患者的血甘油三酯、体质量、体脂肪水平,而对老年男性则效果不明显。     

中长链脂肪酸食用油对不同程度高甘油三酯血症患者体脂的影响

目的 观察中长链脂肪酸食用油对不同程度的高甘油三酯血症患者体脂的影响.方法 将112例高甘油三酯血症患者随机分为两组,分别食用含长链脂肪酸和中长链脂肪酸的食用油,于试验前及试验8周后分别测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围、三头肌皮褶厚度、肩胛下皮褶厚度、体内脂肪重量、脂肪百分比、腹部总脂肪面积、内脏脂肪面积和皮下脂肪面积及血中甘油三酯(TG)水平,并计算体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比,组内以,TG 2.3mmol/L,为界分层.比较试验前后上述指标两组间的差异.结果 食用中长链脂肪酸食用油8周后,与食用长链脂肪酸食用油相比,TG≤2.3 mmol/L者的体重、BMI、腰围、体内脂肪重量、腹部总脂肪面积、内脏和皮下脂肪面积均降低(P＜0.05),而TG＞2.3 mmol/L者的所有人体测量指标两组间均无统计学意义;此外,食用中长链脂肪酸食用油8周后高甘油三酯血症患者血中TG水平均降低(P＜0.05).结论 合理使用中长链脂肪酸食用油可使TG≤2.3 mmol/L的高甘油三酯血症患者的体脂降低.但对TG＞2.3 mmol/L者降低体脂的效果不明显.     

中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者血脂及脂蛋白水平的影响

目的研究中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者血脂及脂蛋白水平的影响。方法采用临床随机对照法,按随机原则将112例高甘油三酯血症患者分为中长链脂肪酸食用油组和长链脂肪酸食用油组,控制每13膳食摄人量及食用油摄入量（25～30g／d）,推荐每日运动量,分别在研究开始前和8周后,检测两组研究对象的身高、体重、空腹血糖,血清丙氨酰氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酰氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、载脂蛋白AⅡ（ApoAⅡ）、载脂蛋白C2（ApoC2）、载脂蛋白C3（ApoC3）及载脂蛋白E（ApoE）。结果进入结果分析者101例,其中长链脂肪酸食用油组50例。中长链脂肪酸食用油组51例。研究开始时两组的体重、血清ALT、AST、总胆固醇、甘油三酯等生化指标的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。食用中长链脂肪酸食用油8周后,患者的体重及血清甘油三酯、ApoC2、ApoC3水平均显著低于研究开始时（P〈0．05）,而ApoA1显著高于研究开始时（P〈0．05）。研究结束时,中长链脂肪酸食用油组的体重、血清甘油三酯、ApoB、ApoAⅡ、ApoC2及ApoC3水平均显著低于长链脂肪酸食用油组（P〈0．05）。结论合理膳食条件下,中长链脂肪酸食用油可降低高甘油三酯血症患者血脂浓度,改善脂蛋白水平。     

中长链脂肪酸食用油对不同年龄男性高甘油三酯血症患者血脂的影响

目的探讨中长链脂肪酸食用油对不同年龄男性高甘油三酯血症患者脂代谢的影响。方法按随机双盲对照的研究方法将67名男性高甘油三酯血症患者分为中长链脂肪酸食用油组和长链脂肪酸食用油组，控制每日食用油摄入量（20～30g／d），研究前后对两组研究对象进行人体成份测量及血生化指标检测。结果中长链脂肪酸食用油组≤60岁男性在研究8周后甘油三酯（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、载脂蛋白B（apoB）、载脂蛋白AⅠ（apoAⅠ）、载脂蛋白AⅡ（apoAⅡ）、载脂蛋白CⅡ（apoCⅡ）、载脂蛋白CⅢ（apoCⅢ）、载脂蛋白E（apoE）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）降低的程度均优于长链脂肪酸食用油组（P〈0．05）；〉60岁男性TC、apoAⅠ、apoB、apoCⅡ、apoCⅢ及LDL—C降低的程度均优于长链脂肪酸食用油组（P〈0．05）。结论合理膳食条件下。中长链脂肪酸食用油可不同程度改善高TG血症患者脂代谢．有利于动脉粥样硬化的预防．     

中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者脂代谢的影响——性别反应差异

目的中长链脂肪酸(MLCT)食用油对不同性别的高甘油三酯(TG)血症患者脂代谢的影响。方法101名高TG血症患者随机分为MLCT食用油组(50例)和长链脂肪酸(LCT)食用油组(51例),两组间在性别分配上无显著性差异。控制每日膳食摄入量及食用油摄入量(25～30g/person·d),规定运动方式,实验期8w。分别于研究开始前和8w后进行人体成份测量(身高、体重、体脂肪量等)、腹部CT扫描及血生化指标检测。结果研究结束后,男性MLCT食用油组BMI、TG、ApoB、ApoAⅡ、ApoC2及ApoC3浓度均明显降低,且体重、BMI、腰围、体脂肪重、体脂肪百分比、腹部脂肪总面积、腹部皮下脂肪面积及TG、ApoB、LDL-C、ApoAⅡ、ApoC2、ApoC3和ApoE指标降低的程度明显优于LCT组。女性只有腰臀比指标的降低程度明显优于LCT组,其余各项指标在两组之间均无显著差异。结论在合理膳食条件下,男性高TG血症患者使用MLCT食用油可减轻体重,降低血TG浓度,改善脂蛋白水平,调整脂代谢,而女性效果不明显。     

婴幼儿是中长链脂肪酸食用油的最大消费者

婴幼儿比成人更需要中链脂肪酸中长链脂肪酸食用油是一款革命性的烹调食用油．之所以说它是革命性的食用油,     

中长链脂肪酸食用油：健康饮食新主张

在日常三餐中．煎、炒、烹,炸样样离不开食用油。经食用油烹饪后的食物色香味美．让人食欲大增。对大多数中国人来说,油水不足的菜总觉得缺乏美味,烹饪喜欢多油,并且爱吃高油食品。如今．生活的舒适．加上长期多吃少动．使得体内脂肪大量囤积,严重危害到健康。越来越多的人开始关注健康饮食,食用油的营养、品质和合理使用也受到越来越多消费者的关注。     

奥运选手的健康选择：中长链脂肪酸食用油

研究结果已经证明,中长链脂肪酸食用油配合运动能够增加机体的能量消耗,更有效地发挥降脂减肥作用。中链脂肪酸能够快速供应能量、提高运动能力的神奇功效早已引起了欧美和日本运动医学专家的关注。他们进行了不少研究工作,大多数的研究结果都显示中链脂肪酸能增加脂肪消耗和减少运动性疲劳物质（如乳酸）的产生,从而使运动更轻松、更持久。     

Effects of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on Lipid Metabolism and Body Fat Accumulation in Ovariectomized Rats

Background: Obesity is a state of excess energy storage resulting in body fat accumulation, and postmenopausal obesity is a rising issue. In this study using ovariectomized (OVX) rats, we mimicked low estrogen levels in a postmenopausal state in order to investigate the effects of different amounts and types of dietary fatty acids on body fat accumulation and body lipid metabolism. Methods: At 9 weeks of age, rats (n = 40) were given an ovariectomy, eight of which were sham-operated to serve as a control group (S). We then divided OVX rats into four different intervention groups: diet with 5% soybean oil (C), and diet with 5% (L), 15% (M), and 20% (H) (w/w) experimental oil, containing 60% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and with a polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratio of 5. Results: After OVX, compared to the S group, the C group showed significantly higher body weight, and insulin and leptin levels. Compared to the C group, the H group had lower hepatic triglyceride level and FAS enzyme activity, and higher hepatic ACO and CPT-1 gene expressions and enzyme activities. Conclusions: An OVX leads to severe weight gain and lipid metabolism abnormalities, while according to previous studies, high fat diet may worsen the situation. However, during our experiment, we discovered that the experimental oil mixture with 60% MUFAs and P/S = 5 may ameliorate these imbalances.     

Effects of Three-Month Feeding High Fat Diets with Different Fatty Acid Composition on Myocardial Proteome in Mice

Westernized diet is characterized by a high content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and a low level of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), often accompanied by an imbalance in the omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio. Since increased intake of SFA and n-6 PUFA is considered as a cardiovascular disease risk factor, this study was conducted to determine whether a three-month dietary supplementation of high-fat diets (HFDs) with saturated fatty acids and a significant proportion of various n-6 and n-3 PUFA ratios would affect the architecture and protein expression patterns of the murine heart. Therefore, three HFD (n = 6) feeding groups: rich in SFA, dominated by PUFA with the n-6/n-3–14:1, and n-6/n-3–5:1, ratios were compared to animals fed standard mouse chow. For this purpose, we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis with MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry-based identification of differentially expressed cardiac proteins, and a histological examination of cardiac morphology. The results indicated that mice fed with all HFDs developed signs of hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. Animals fed SFA-rich HFD manifested the most severe cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis lesions, whereas less pronounced changes were observed in the group of animals that ingested the highest amount of omega-3 FA. In general, all HFDs, regardless of FA composition, evoked a comparable pattern of cardiac protein changes and affected the following biological processes: lipid metabolism and FA β-oxidation, glycolysis, TCA cycle, respiratory chain, myocardium contractility, oxidative stress and PUFA eicosanoid metabolism. However, it should be noted that three proteins, namely IDH3A, LDHB, and AK1, were affected differently by various FA contents. High expression of these myocardial proteins found in the group of animals fed a HFD with the highest n-3 PUFA content could be closely related to the observed development of hypertrophy.     

Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids,Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids,or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids

Fasting and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia are causal risk factors for atherosclerosis. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia is approximately 25–30% and most hypertriglyceridemic patients suffer from mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. Data regarding dietary interventions on postprandial triglyceride metabolism of mildly to moderately hypertriglyceridemic patients is, however, sparse. In a randomized controlled trial, eight mildly hypertriglyceridemic patients and five healthy, normolipidemic controls received three separate standardized fat-meals containing either saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), or medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) in a randomized order. Fasting and postprandial lipid parameters were determined over a 10 h period and the (incremental) area under the curve (AUC/iAUC) for plasma triglycerides and other parameters were determined. MCFA do not lead to a significant elevation of postprandial total plasma triglycerides and other triglyceride parameters, while both SFA (patients: p = 0.003, controls: p = 0.03 compared to MCFA) and MUFA (patients: p = 0.001; controls: p = 0.14 compared to MCFA) do lead to such an increase. Patients experienced a significantly more pronounced increase of plasma triglycerides than controls (SFA: patients iAUC = 1006 mg*h/dL, controls iAUC = 247 mg*h/dL, p = 0.02; MUFA: patients iAUC = 962 mg*h/dL, controls iAUC = 248 mg*h/dL, p = 0.05). Replacing SFA with MCFA may be a treatment option for mildly to moderately hypertriglyceridemic patients as it prevents postprandial hypertriglyceridemia.     

Analysis of Fat Content with Special Emphasis on Trans Isomers in Frequently Consumed Food Products in Egypt: The First Steps in the Trans Fatty Acid Elimination Roadmap

Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) intake is a risk factor for coronary heart diseases and cancer. Egypt, considered among the highest TFA consumers in the world, lacks proper dietary analysis of TFAs. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze TFAs in traditional and frequently consumed food products. A market survey was conducted to identify products and brands that are mostly consumed in major governorates in Egypt. Laboratory analysis allowed for the profiling of TFAs, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Products having more than 2 g of TFA/100 g of fat were considered to have an elevated TFA content. Commonly consumed food items (n = 208) in the Egyptian market were identified. On average, 34% of the products exceeded the TFA limit. Sambosk meat, a traditional meat item, had the highest TFA content of 5.2%, followed by foods fried with used oils. Oriental sweets had a TFA content three times higher than that of doughnuts. The fast-food group had the largest proportion of TFA-rich products, followed by the canned and frozen item groups and confectionaries. This study revealed that around one third of products in the Egyptian market have a high TFA content. This calls for urgent legislative action to regulate composition.     

脂肪乳剂对健康人外周血单个核细胞磷脂脂肪酸组成的影响

目的探讨脂肪乳剂对健康人免疫细胞脂肪酸组成的影响。方法采用毛细管气相色谱法检测8名健康志愿者连续7天外周静脉输注脂肪乳剂(20%intralipid)后,外周血单个核细胞磷脂脂肪酸谱的变化。结果静脉输注脂肪乳剂对健康人外周血单个核细胞数量、肝功能和血脂无影响,软脂酸(C16∶0)、油酸(C18∶1N9)比例在单个核细胞磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)中明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01);硬脂酸(C18∶0)减少(P<0.05);亚麻酸(C18∶3N3)、软油酸(C16∶1N7)在磷脂酰胆碱(PC)中明显增加(P<0.05),而其余脂肪酸均未发生明显改变。饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸的比值(S/U)和脂肪酸的不饱和指数(UI)在单个核细胞PE、PC中均保持不变。结论脂肪乳剂不可能通过影响免疫细胞磷脂脂肪酸组成的途径对免疫功能产生影响。     

不同体成分10岁男童性发育与体脂及睾酮水平追踪研究

目的探讨不同体成分青春早期男孩性发育与体脂及睾酮水平之间的相互关系,为儿童青少年生长发育研究提供依据。方法选取66名10岁男童,按年龄、身高、第二性征进行1∶1∶1匹配,追踪观察3 a,检测其体成分、性发育状况,测定睾酮水平。结果3组男童的体脂肪和瘦体重均随年龄增加而增加;肥胖组男孩阴茎长度小于中等组和消瘦组;肥胖组的阴茎长度和横径与体脂肪呈负相关,与睾酮水平呈正相关。结论青春早期肥胖男孩性器官发育滞后,与体脂肪和睾酮关系密切。     

Effects of Two Workload-Matched High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Regional Body Composition and Fat Oxidation in Obese Men

The effects of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on regional body composition and fat oxidation in men with obesity were compared using a parallel randomized design. Sixteen inactive males (age, 38.9 ± 7.3 years; body fat, 31.8 ± 3.9%; peak oxygen uptake, VO_2peak, 30.9 ± 4.1 mL/kg/min; all mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to either HIIT10 (48 × 10 s bouts at 100% of peak power [W_peak] with 15 s of recovery) or HIIT60 group (8 × 60 s bouts at 100% W_peak with 90 s of recovery), and subsequently completed eight weeks of training, while maintaining the same diet. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed only a main effect of time (p < 0.01) and no group or interaction effects (p > 0.05) in the examined parameters. Total and trunk fat mass decreased by 1.81 kg (90%CI: −2.63 to −0.99 kg; p = 0.002) and 1.45 kg (90%CI: −1.95 to −0.94 kg; p < 0.001), respectively, while leg lean mass increased by 0.86 kg (90%CI: 0.63 to 1.08 kg; p < 0.001), following both HIIT protocols. HIIT increased peak fat oxidation (PFO) (from 0.20 ± 0.05 to 0.33 ± 0.08 g/min, p = 0.001), as well as fat oxidation over a wide range of submaximal exercise intensities, and shifted PFO to higher intensity (from 33.6 ± 4.6 to 37.6 ± 6.7% VO_2peak, p = 0.039). HIIT, irrespective of protocol, improved VO_2peak by 20.0 ± 7.2% (p < 0.001), while blood lactate at various submaximal intensities decreased by 20.6% (p = 0.001). In conclusion, both HIIT protocols were equally effective in improving regional body composition and fat oxidation during exercise in obese men.