顶空气相色谱法测定氟哌啶醇中有机溶剂残留量

目的建立测定氟哌啶醇中有机溶剂残留量的顶空气相色谱法。方法采用顶空气相色谱法,FID检测器,在毛细管色谱柱HP-Innowax毛细管柱（30m×0．32mm,0．50μm）上程序升温,载气为氮气,进样口温度为200℃,检测器温度为250℃。结果甲苯和乙醇分离良好,在所考察的质量浓度范围内具有良好线性关系,最低检出质量浓度分剐为0．2222μg／mL和0．1973μg／mL,精密度的RSD分别为2．2％和2．0％（n=5）,平均回收率分别为101．8％和100．6％,RSD分别为2．2％和1．2％（n=6）。结论该方法简便灵敏、结果准确可靠,适用于氟哌啶醇原料药中有机溶剂残留量的检测。     

气相色谱法测定制痂酊中龙脑、异龙脑的含量

目的：建立制痂酊中龙脑、异龙脑的含量测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,FID 检测器,色谱柱：HP-INNOWax Polyeth-ylene Glycol 毛细柱（30．0 m ×250μm ×0．25μm）,柱温：130℃,进样口温度：210℃,检测器温度：250℃。结果龙脑、异龙脑分别在0．0271～0．2710 g·L －1、0．0235～0．2352 g·L －1范围内呈良好的线性关系,r 值均为0．9998（n ＝6）。平均回收率分别为97．48％,97．46％;RSD 分别为1．46％,1．57％。结论该法准确可靠,可用于制痂酊的质量控制。     

连翘抗病毒软胶囊中β-蒎烯的GC法测定

建立了GC法测定试制的连翘抗病毒软胶囊中连翘挥发油主成分β-蒎烯的含量。采用HP-5毛细管柱，程序升温，氢火焰离子化检测器，进样口温度250℃，检测器温度280℃。β-蒎烯在0．16～2．4mg／ml浓度范围内线性良好，方法平均回收率101．7％，RSD 1．71％。     

HPLC—ELSD法测定泽泻药材与饮片中2种有效成分的含量

目的：建立测定泽泻药材与饮片中24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B含量的HPLC—ELSD方法。方法：Alltima C18色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm）；流动相：甲醇-水（84：16）；流速：0．5mL·min^-1；蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度为60℃，雾化气体流速为1．4L·min^-1。结果：24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B的线性范围分别为4．2～105μg·mL^-1（r=0．9980），4．6～115μg·mL^-1（r=0．9991），平均回收率分别为99．9％（RSD小于1．9％），100．7％（RSD小于1．0％）。结论：该方法简便、准确、重复性好，可作为测定泽泻药材与饮片中24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B的有效方法。     

GC测定马来酸伊索拉定原料中二氧六环和2-甲氧基乙醇残留量

目的建立GC测定马来酸伊索拉定原料中二氧六环和2-甲氧基乙醇的残留量。方法样品以二甲基甲酰胺溶解,色谱柱为HP-INNOWAX毛细管柱（30m×0．53mm,1μm）,检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,柱温为程序升温,初始柱温为40℃,进样口温度为200℃,检测器温度为250℃。结果二氧六环和2-甲氧基乙醇分别在7．6～76μg·mL^-1和1．0～10gg·mL^-1内线性关系良好p分别为0．9999和0．9984）,平均回收率分别为94．7％（RSD=3．7％）和98．2％（RSD=3．9％）,检测限分别为0．9μg·mL^-1和0.3μg·mL^-1。结论本方法灵敏度高、准确度好,可用于马来酸伊索拉定原料中二氧六环和2-甲氧基乙醇的残留量测定。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定羟丙基-β-环糊精中的有机溶剂残留量

目的：建立毛细管气相色谱法测定羟丙基-β-环糊精中乙醇和1,2-丙二醇的残留量的方法。方法：色谱柱为DB-624石英毛细管柱,柱温采用程序升温,FID检测器,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为250℃,以二甲亚砜为溶剂。结果：乙醇、1,2-丙二醇的检测浓度的线性范围分别为0．1～5．0mg·ml^-1（r=0．9999）、0．1～5．0mg·ml^-1（r=0．9997）;平均回收率为分别为99．0％,98．2％,（RSD分别为1．9％,2．2％）;最低检出限分别为1．03,0．81ng;3批样品中2种有机溶剂残留量均符合《中国药典》要求。结论：本方法简单、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于该药物中有机溶剂残留量的测定。     

顶空气相色谱法测定盐酸普鲁卡因中的残留溶剂

目的：建立盐酸普鲁卡因中乙醇、丙酮残留量的测定方法。方法：采用顶空气相色谱法,以水为溶解介质,色谱柱为DB一1301石英毛细管柱,柱温80℃,检测器为FID,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为150℃,结果：乙醇、丙酮的线性范围分别为0．025～2．0nag·ml-1（r=0．9999）和0．025—2．0mg·ml-1（r=0．9999）;平均回收率分别为99．6％（RSD=0．6％）和99．5％（RSO：1．1％）;定量限分别为4．79μg·ml-1和3．01μg·ml-1。结论：方法简单、准确,可用于盐酸普鲁卡因中乙醇和丙酮残留量的测定。     

顶空气相色谱法测定头孢哌酮钠他唑巴坦钠中残留有机溶剂

目的建立头孢哌酮钠他唑巴坦钠中甲醇、丙酮溶剂残留量的测定方法。方法采用顶空气相色谱法，以去离子水为溶剂，氮气为载气。进样口温度为200℃，检测器温度为250℃。结果甲醇、丙酮的质量浓度分别在37．97～189．84mg／L和63．68—318．4mg／L的范围内与峰面积线性关系良好，r分别为0．9985和0．9991，平均回收率分别为104．20％（RSD=1．6％，n=6）和104．13％（RSD=1．3％，n=6）．最低检测限分别为0．21mg／L和0．32mg／L。结论顶空气相色谱法简单、准确，可用于头孢哌酮钠他唑巴坦钠的有机溶剂残留测定。     

顶空气相色谱法测定注射用甲磺酸吉米沙星中基因毒性杂质

目的：建立测定注射用甲磺酸吉米沙星中甲磺酸烷基酯类基因毒性杂质的顶空气相色谱法。方法：以Supelco 毛细管柱（30m×250μm,0．25μm）为色谱柱,程序升温：氮气为载气,流速为0．5mL·min-1：采用微池电子捕获检测器,检测器温度为250℃：顶空进样,平衡温度为60℃,平衡时间为30min,进样口温度为110℃,进样量为1mL;分流比为1：10。结果：基因毒性杂质甲磺酸甲酯、甲磺酸乙酯和甲磺酸异丙酯在限度为20％～120％的范围内线性关系良好,定量限分别为0．0100、0．2500和1．2500μg·L-1．检测限分别为0．0020、0．0100和0．2500μg·L-1,平均回收率分别为99．20％、99．45％和99．98％（n=9）。结论：该方法准确、简便,适用于甲磺酸吉米沙星中基因毒性杂质的检测及限度控制。     

聚桂醇400注射液的HPLC测定

建立了聚桂醇400注射液含量的HPLC测定法。采用C18色谱柱，柱温和检测温度35℃；以乙腈-甲醇-水(20：68：12)为流动相，正十四醇为内标，以示差折光检测器检测35℃。聚桂醇400在1～3mg／ml浓度范围内线性关系良好，方法平均回收率为100．1％(RSD=1．2％)。     

顶空气相色谱法测定红花注射液中乙醇残留量

目的 建立顶空气相色谱法测定红花注射液中乙醇残留量测定方法.方法 采用气相色谱法测定,色谱柱为HP-INNOWAX石英毛细管柱,载气为氮气,流速为4.0mL·min-1.FID检测器,温度为250℃;进样口温度为200℃;程序升温为初始温度50℃,保持10min,后运行温度为180℃,保持8min.顶空进样,平衡温度为80℃,平衡时间为20min,分流比为2∶1.水为溶剂,乙腈为内标物.结果 被测物乙醇和内标乙腈在此色谱条件下均能得到很好的分离,空白对照无干扰,被测物乙醇和内标乙腈峰面积比值与检测浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r为1.0000;平均回收率为99.63％,RSD为0.39％.结论 本试验方法简便、准确、重复性好,适合中药注射剂红花注射液中乙醇残留量的检测.     

Relationship between internal phase volume and emulsion stability: the cetyl alcohol/stearyl alcohol system

The main objective of this study was to optimize the stability of cetyl alcohol/stearyl alcohol emulsions in terms of percentage of internal phase volume, emulsifier type and concentration, and amount of external phase (water). Creams (o/w emulsions) were prepared by phase inversion and physical properties as particle size of the internal phase, apparent viscosity, and sedimentation volume evaluated. Stability was performed at room temperature, 40 degrees C, 50 degrees C, and under stress conditions. High hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) nonionic surfactants as tween 80, tween 20, Myrj 52, Brij 35, and low HLB span 60 were used as emulsifying agents. The percentage of internal phase components (cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol), percentage of emulsifying agents, and percentage of aqueous external phase were varied, and stability was investigated. As the level of emulsifier agent (tween 80 and span 60) increased from 3% to 15%, and the percent of the internal phase remained constant at 30%, the particle size of the internal phase decreased and the cream became more stable. Formulations of the same composition, but prepared using Myrj 53 and tween 20 as emulsifiers, showed a larger particle size than formulations prepared using tween 80 and Brij 35. As the level of the internal phase volume increased and consequently the amount of water decreased, emulsion viscosity increased. The best formulation containing 30% internal phase (50% cetyl alcohol, 35% stearyl alcohol), 15% emulsifying agents (tween 80/span 60 ratio of 3:1), and 70% water was selected, and effects of process temperature and cooling rate on emulsion stability investigated. This formulation was further investigated in terms of stability of a 1% hydrocortisone addition by varying the percentage (30%, 35%, 40%, and 45%) of internal phase and percentage of water (70%, 65%, 60%, and 55%). The best formulation contained 45% internal phase (22.5 g cetyl alcohol, 15.75 g stearyl alcohol, 15% emulsifying agent, which is equivalent to 5 g tween 80 and 1.7 g span 60), and 55% w/w water, was manufactured under different manufacturing processes. Emulsions prepared by homogenization at the beginning of the process of emulsification were stable with small internal phase particle diameter. This study demonstrates that at every cetyl alcohol/stearyl alcohol ratio there is a phase volume/emulsifier HLB ratio, which results in optimum stability.     

顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定药用辅料羧甲基淀粉钠中的溶剂残留量

目的:建立顶空气相色谱法测定药用辅料羧甲基淀粉钠中乙醇、异丙醇残留量的方法。方法:采用顶空气相色谱法,以水为溶解介质,色谱柱为DB-1301石英毛细管柱,柱温80℃,检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为150℃。结果:乙醇、异丙醇的检测浓度的线性范围分别为0.025～2.0mg·mL-1(r=0.9999)和0.025～2.0mg·mL-1(r=0.9999);平均回收率分别为99.5%(RSD=0.9%)和99.2%(RSD=1.2%);定量限分别为4.85、2.95μg·mL-1;3批样品中乙醇和异丙醇残留量均符合《中国药典》要求。结论:本方法简单、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于羧甲基淀粉钠中有机溶剂残留量的测定。     

Extended release lipophilic indomethacin microspheres: formulation factors and mathematical equations fitted drug release rates.

Extended release liphophilic microspheres of indomethacin were prepared using cetostearyl alcohol (CsA), stearyl alcohol (SA) and cetyl alcohol (CA) in the various drug-lipid ratios. The release of indometacin was studied on the basis of USP criteria and the effects of drug-lipid ratio, the size of microspheres and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) added as a hydrophilic polymer on the drug release were investigated. In vitro dissolution studies were performed using USP XXIII apparatus I at pH 6.2. Release profiles were evaluated according to first order, Higuchi square root of time and Hixson-Crowell cube root models. The best fit was found with the square root of time model (r2=0.991) for the microspheres (125-250 microm) prepared in 1:4:1 drug-lipid-copolymer ratio using stearyl alcohol. With a further regression analysis, an excellent equation (Release%=-10.721+42.549*square root of (t)-4.027*t) was developed for empirical drug estimation (r2=0.998).     

Trace Level Determination of Mesityl Oxide and Diacetone Alcohol in Atazanavir Sulfate Drug Substance by a Gas Chromatography Method

A capillary gas chromatography method with a short run time, using a flame ionization detector, has been developed for the quantitative determination of trace level analysis of mesityl oxide and diacetone alcohol in the atazanavir sulfate drug substance. The chromatographic method was achieved on a fused silica capillary column coated with 5% diphenyl and 95% dimethyl polysiloxane stationary phase (Rtx-5, 30 m x 0.53 mm x 5.0 µm). The run time was 20 min employing programmed temperature with a split mode (1:5) and was validated for specificity, sensitivity, precision, linearity, and accuracy. The detection and quantitation limits obtained for mesityl oxide and diacetone alcohol were 5 µg/g and 10 µg/g, respectively, for both of the analytes. The method was found to be linear in the range between 10 µg/g and 150 µg/g with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.999, and the average recoveries obtained in atazanavir sulfate were between 102.0% and 103.7%, respectively, for mesityl oxide and diacetone alcohol. The developed method was found to be robust and rugged. The detailed experimental results are discussed in this research paper.     

硫酸氢氯吡格雷中有机溶剂残留量的顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定

建立了顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定硫酸氢氯吡格雷中的甲醇、丙酮、异丙醇、二氯甲烷、异丙醚与乙酸乙酯.样品采用氧化镁进行预处理,采用DB-624毛细管色谱柱,程序升温,FID检测器,顶空平衡温度70℃,平衡时间30 min.上述溶剂分别在7.5～750、5～500、12.5～1 250、1.5～150、12.5～1 250和12.5～1 250μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,回收率分别为100.4％、101.2％、100.5％、98.2％、99.2％和99.6％,RSD均小于2.0％.     

顶空气相色谱法测定马来酸氟吡汀中有机溶剂残留

目的：采用气相顶空色谱法测定马来酸氟吡汀原料药中的甲醇、乙醇和异丙醇3种有机溶剂的残留量。方法：采用DB-624（30 m×0.53 mm,3.0μm）毛细管色谱柱,载气为氮气,程序升温。FID检测器,温度为250℃。进样口温度为200℃。按外标法测定溶剂残留量。结果：甲醇,乙醇和异丙醇分别在2.182-152.74（r=0.999 1）,3.546-248.22（r=0.999 8）和4.082-285.74μg·m^l-1（r=0.999 7）范围内,线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为97.7%（RSD=1.5%）,99.0%（RSD=1.1%）,98.8%（RSD=1.1%）（n=5）。结论：本方法简便、准确,灵敏度高,适用于马来酸氟吡汀原料药中有机溶剂残留量的检测。     

GC法测定小儿吐泻宁散中百秋李醇的含量

目的:建立以气相色谱(GC)法测定小儿吐泻宁散中百秋李醇含量的方法。方法:以正十八烷为内标,色谱柱为弹性石英毛细管(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm),交联5%苯基甲基聚硅氧烷为固定相,采用程序升温,检测器温度为280℃,进样口温度为280℃。结果:百秋李醇的检测浓度在63.4～887.6μg·mL-1范围内与峰面积比值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9994);平均回收率为100.55%,RSD=1.85%(n=6)。结论:本方法快速、准确、可靠,可用于小儿吐泻宁散的质量控制。