No association between perceived exertion and session duration with hamstring injury occurrence in professional football

Training and competition loads have emerged as modifiable composite risk factors of non-contact injury. Hamstring strains are the most common injuries in football with substantial burden on the individual player and club. Nevertheless, robust evidence of a consistent load-hamstring injury relationship in professional football is lacking. Using available data from the Qatar Stars League over three competitive seasons, this study investigated the separate and combined effects of perceived exertion and session duration on hamstring injury occurrence in a sample of 30 outfield football players. Load variables were calculated into 7-day, 14-day, 21-day, 28-day periods of data, and week-to-week changes for average ratings of perceived exertion (RPE; au) score and session-RPE (s-RPE; session-duration  score), plus the cumulative training and match minutes and s-RPE, respectively. Conditional logistic regression models estimated load-injury relationships per 2-within-subject standard deviation increments in each candidate variable. Associations were declared practically important based on the location of the confidence interval in relation to thresholds of 0.90 and 1.11 defining small beneficial and harmful effects, respectively. The uncertainty for the corrected odds ratios show that typically high within-subject increments in each candidate variable were not practically important for training- and match-related hamstring injury (95% confidence intervals range: 0.85 to 1.16). We found limited exploratory evidence regarding the value of perceived exertion and session duration as etiological factors of hamstring injury in Middle-East professional football. Monitoring remains valuable to inform player load management strategies, but our exploratory findings suggest its role for type-specific injury risk determination appears empirically unsupported.     

Association between eccentric knee flexor strength and hamstring injury risk in 185 elite Gaelic football players

Hamstring strains are the most common time-loss injury in elite Gaelic football affecting over 20% of players per season. Thus, there is a need to identify factors contributing to the onset of hamstring injuries in order to inform injury risk management strategies. The current study investigated whether eccentric knee flexor strength and between-limb imbalances were associated with increased risk of sustaining a time-loss hamstring injury in elite Gaelic football players. A total of 185 elite male players (26.9 ± 2.7 years, 86.4 ± 6.2 kg, 183.4 ± 5.6) were prospectively followed for 12 weeks from the day of testing. Injury data were provided by the team medical staff. Twenty-eight players (16%) sustained a time-loss hamstring injury following testing. Players that did not sustain a hamstring injury had greater average between-limb asymmetries (uninjured = 9.1%, 95% CI 7.8-10.1; injured = 5.1%, 95% CI 3.7-6.7; P = .001). Eccentric knee flexor strength profiles were not associated with increased or decreased risk of sustaining a hamstring injury and did not alter the post-test probability of sustaining a hamstring injury across the investigation period. These findings do not support the use of eccentric knee flexor strength metrics in managing hamstring injury risk in elite male Gaelic football players.     

The deficits of isometric knee flexor strength in lengthened hamstring position after hamstring strain injury

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of knee flexion angle on peak torque, rate of torque development (RTD) during isometric contraction and hamstring flexibility after hamstring strain injury (HSI).DesignCross-sectional.SettingControlled laboratory research.ParticipantsFourteen male athletes with a history of HSI and 14 athletes without HSI (controls).Main outcome measuresHamstring flexibility was evaluated using active knee extension test. Isometric knee flexion peak torque and RTD were determined at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion measured by an isokinetic dynamometer.ResultsIndividuals with a history of HSI had statistically significant, moderate deficits in isometric peak torque at 30° of knee flexion (P = 0.037; effect size = 0.55) in the HSI limb than in the uninjured limb, but not at 60° and 90° of knee flexion. In the control group, no significant differences in isometric peak torque at any angle were found between limbs. No differences in peak RTD and flexibility were found between limbs in both groups.ConclusionsIsometric peak torque at 30° of knee flexion was lower in the injured limb than in the uninjured limb. Isometric strength deficits after HSI tended to be affected by lengthened hamstring angles.     

The association between physical fitness level and number and severity of injury and illness in youth elite athletes

Youth elite athletes often double their training and competition load after enrollment into specialized sport academy high school programs. The least fit athletes may be exposed to an excessive and too rapid increase in training load, with negative adaptations such as injury and illness as a consequence. In this study, our aim was to determine whether these least fit athletes were at greater risk of injury or illness during their first school year. Participants were 166 youth elite athletes (72% boys) from a variety of team, technical, and endurance sports newly enrolled into specialized sport academy high schools. The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems was used to self‐report injuries and illnesses weekly for 26 weeks. Athletes completed the Ironman Jr physical fitness test battery at baseline, evaluating endurance, strength, agility, and speed properties. We ranked the athletes based on their combined test scores and identified the least fit quartile. The main outcome was the number and severity of health problems, comparing the least fit quartile of athletes to the rest of the cohort. Overall, the least fit quartile of athletes did not report more health problems (mean 3.7, 95% CI 3.0‐4.4) compared with the rest of the cohort (3.6, 3.2‐3.9). In conclusion, we demonstrated no association between low physical fitness level and number and severity of injury and illness in youth elite athletes after enrollment into a specialized sport academy high school program.     

Poor peak dorsiflexor torque associated with incidence of ankle injury in elite field female hockey players

This study set out to determine the incidence of ankle injuries amongst provincial female field hockey players in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, during the 2004 field hockey season and relate this to their injury and playing profile, proprioceptive ability and peak isokinetic torque of the ankle plantar and dorsiflexor muscles. Players participating in the senior, U21 and U19/high school provincial A teams (n = 47) detailed their hockey playing and training history and injuries sustained during the 2004 season. A subsample of injured and matched, uninjured controls (n = 18) underwent anthropometric, proprioceptive and isokinetic testing. Incidence of injury in the 2004 season was 0.98 per player or 6.32 injuries per 1000 player/h⁻¹, with 25.5% of players (n = 12) reporting injuries to the ankle joint. All ankle injuries occurred on artificial turf and 75% occurred during a match. Forwards and links that had been playing for six to seven years presented with the highest incidence of ankle injuries. Injured players were able to maintain balance on a proprioceptive board for 10.31 ± 8.2 s versus 23.9 ± 15.3 s in matched, uninjured controls (p = 0.078). Both mean (27.4 ± 5.5 Nm versus 32.7 ± 4.7 Nm) and median (27.0, 23.0–31.5 versus 31.8, 30.0–35.1 Nm) peak isokinetic torque of the dorsiflexors of injured legs was significantly lower than in uninjured, contralateral legs of the injured players (p = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Poor peak dorsiflexion torque in the injured leg was identified as a factor associated with ankle injury in this sample of injured, elite field hockey players.     

Combining physical performance and Functional Movement Screen testing to identify elite junior Australian Football athletes at risk of injury

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and physical performance testing are often suggested to be related to sports injury risk. This study explored if the combination of FMS and physical performance testing improved identification of non-contact injury risk over FMS testing alone in an elite junior Australian football cohort. Over a 3-year period, 573 players completed pre-season injury history questionnaires, FMS, physical performance testing (20-m sprint, vertical jump, planned agility testing, and shuttle run test), and subsequent in-season injury surveillance. Results: Neither previous injury or FMS score <14 were related to an increased risk of subsequent injury in isolation. The combination of FMS composite score ≤14 and previous injury moderately increased the risk of injury (Hazard ratio [HR] = 2.22 [1.09-4.54]). None of the physical performance measures improved the ability to predict injuries based on FMS composite score. FMS asymmetry was only associated with injury when combined with previous injury and vertical jump performance. Players with ≥1 FMS asymmetry and history of previous injury experienced a large increase in injury risk when vertical jump was poor (HR = 4.26 [1.35-13.42]) or good (HR = 3.17 [1.08-9.29]). Players with a combination of a good vertical jump, no previous injury, and no FMS asymmetries were also at moderately increased risk of injury (HR = 3.41 [1.11-10.42]). No physical performance tests improved the ability to identify non-contact injury risk using an FMS composite score threshold. However, a U-shaped relationship between vertical jump and injury risk was identified with both poor and good vertical jump height associated with a moderate-large increase in non-contact injury risk in the presence of ≥1 asymmetrical FMS sub-test.     

The influence of an artificial playing surface on injury risk and perceptions of muscle soreness in elite Rugby Union

This prospective cohort study investigated the influence of an artificial playing surface on injury risk and perceptions of muscle soreness in elite English Premiership Rugby Union players. Time loss (from 39.5 matches) and abrasion (from 27 matches) injury risk was compared between matches played on artificial turf and natural grass. Muscle soreness was reported over the 4 days following one match played on each surface by 95 visiting players (i.e., normally play on natural grass surfaces). There was a likely trivial difference in the overall injury burden relating to time‐loss injuries between playing surfaces [rate ratio = 1.01, 90% confidence interval (CI): 0.73–1.38]. Abrasions were substantially more common on artificial turf (rate ratio = 7.92, 90% CI: 4.39–14.28), although the majority of these were minor and only two resulted in any reported time loss. Muscle soreness was consistently higher over the 4 days following a match on artificial turf in comparison with natural grass, although the magnitude of this effect was small (effect sizes ranging from 0.26 to 0.40). These results suggest that overall injury risk is similar for the two playing surfaces, but further surveillance is required before inferences regarding specific injury diagnoses and smaller differences in overall injury risk can be made.     

The association between early specialization and performance level with injury and illness risk in youth elite athletes

A trend is observed towards more specialized training and selection into talent programs at an early age for youth athletes. Little is known how this might influence the risk of illness and injury. The aim of the study was to assess whether, in a group of youth elite athletes, those specializing early or performing best were at increased risk of incurring injury or illness after entering a specialized Sport Academy High School program. We enrolled 259 16‐year‐old elite athletes. They completed a baseline web‐based questionnaire covering their age at specialization, single‐ versus multi‐sport involvement during the previous 2 years and current performance level (rated by themselves and their coach). Subsequently, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) questionnaire on health problems was used to self‐report injuries and illnesses weekly for 26 weeks from October to May. In this specialized Sport Academy High School program, 39% of the athletes reported early specialization (at 12 years or younger). However, early specialization did not increase the risk of injury or illness during the 26 weeks, nor did being a single‐sport athlete the previous two years increase this risk. The best performing athletes at the time of enrollment were not at greater risk of becoming injured or ill during the 26 weeks. In conclusion, in a group of youth elite athletes entering a specialized Sport Academy High School program neither early single‐sport specialization nor performance level appears to represent risk factors for injury or illness after enrollment.     

Effects of flexibility and strength interventions on optimal lengths of hamstring muscle-tendon units

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of altering both hamstring flexibility and strength on hamstring optimal lengths.DesignControlled laboratory study.MethodsA total of 20 male and 20 female college students (aged 18–24 years) participated in this study and were randomly assigned to either a flexibility intervention group or a strength intervention group. Passive straight leg raise and isokinetic strength test were performed before and after interventions. Paired T-tests were performed to determine hamstring flexibility or strength intervention effects on hamstring optimal lengths.ResultsMale participants in the flexibility intervention group significantly increased range of hip joint flexion (P = 0.001) and optimal lengths of semimembranosus and biceps long head (P ≤ 0.026). Male participants in the strength intervention group significantly increased hamstring strength (P = 0.001), the range of hip joint flexion (P = 0.037), and optimal lengths of all three bi-articulated hamstring muscles (P ≤ 0.041). However, female participants did not significantly increase their hamstring optimal lengths in either intervention groups (P ≥ 0.097) although both groups significantly increased the range of hip joint flexion and strength (P ≤ 0.009).ConclusionHamstring optimal lengths can be modified through flexibility intervention as well as strength intervention for male participants, but not for female participants in this study. Hamstring optimal lengths should be considered as hamstring flexibility measures in future prospective studies to identify potentially modifiable risk factors for hamstring injury.     

Rate of torque development and the risk of falls among community dwelling older adults in Japan

BackgroundRate of torque development (RTD) is defined as the slope of the torque-time curve obtained during an isometric contraction. Several studies have shown that RTD is lower in fallers than in nonfallers. However, these studies had small sample size and was not adjusted confounding factors.Research question: Is RTD associated with falls history in healthy community dwelling older adults.MethodsThis was cross-sectional study. In total, 122 participants aged ≥65 (mean, 71.3 ± 4.4) years were recruited for this study. We assessed RTD, muscle strength, functional capacity, and physical activity. We assessed RTD over the first 200 ms of the maximal isometric contraction, whereby the onset of contraction was deemed as the point at which torque had risen 4 Nm above the baseline. Differences between the 3 groups (no fall group, single fall group and multiple falls group) were examined using one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test. A post-hoc Bonferroni or Games-Howell test was used to assess the differences between the individual groups. A multivariate multinomial logistic model was built using the factors associated with the fall category.ResultsRTD was significantly different between the no fall group and multiple falls group (P = 0.047). Similarly, RTD was significantly different between the single fall group and multiple falls group (P = 0.016). RTD was associated with both the no fall group and single fall group (odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–3.97, odds ratio = 2.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–4.98, respectively) in multinomial logistic regression.SignificanceThis is the first study to investigate the relationship between RTD and falls history in community-dwelling older adults in multivariate analysis. RTD is more strongly associated with falls history than other performance measures in community-dwelling elderly.     

Lower limb muscle injury location shift from posterior lower leg to hamstring muscles with increasing discipline-related running velocity in international athletics championships

ObjectiveTo analyse the rates of lower limb muscle injuries in athletics disciplines requiring different running velocities during international athletics championships.DesignProspective total population study.MethodsDuring 13 international athletics championships (2009–2019) national medical teams and local organizing committee physicians daily reported all newly incurred injuries using the same study design, injury definition and data collection procedures. In-competition lower limb muscle injuries of athletes participating in disciplines involving running (i.e. sprints, hurdles, jumps, combined events, middle distances, long distances, and marathon) were analysed.ResultsAmong the 12,233 registered athletes, 344 in-competition lower limb muscle injuries were reported (36% of all in-competition injuries). The proportion, incidence rates and injury burden of lower limb muscles injuries differed between disciplines for female and male athletes. The most frequently injured muscle group was hamstring in sprints, hurdles, jumps, combined events and male middle distances runners (43–75%), and posterior lower leg in female middle distances, male long distances, and female marathon runners (44–60%). Hamstring muscles injuries led to the highest burden in all disciplines, except for female middle distance and marathon and male long distance runners. Hamstring muscles injury burden was generally higher in disciplines requiring higher running velocities, and posterior lower leg muscle injuries higher in disciplines requiring lower running velocities.ConclusionsThe present study shows discipline-specific injury location in competition context. Our findings suggest that the running velocity could be one of the factors that play a role in the occurrence/location of muscle injuries.     

Spinal and supraspinal motor control predictors of rate of torque development

During explosive movements and potentially injurious situations, the ability to rapidly generate torque is critical. Previous research has suggested that different phases of rate of torque development (RTD) are differentiately controlled. However, the extent to which supraspinal and spinal mechanisms predict RTD at different time intervals is unknown. RTD of the plantarflexors across various phases of contraction (i.e., 0–25, 0–50, 0–100, 0–150, 0–200, and 0–250 ms) was measured in 37 participants. The following predictor variables were also measured: (a) gain of the resting soleus H‐reflex recruitment curve; (b) gain of the resting homonymous post‐activation depression recruitment curve; (c) gain of the GABAergic presynaptic inhibition recruitment curve; (d) the level of postsynaptic recurrent inhibition at rest; (e) level of supraspinal drive assessed by measuring V waves; and (f) the gain of the resting soleus M wave. Stepwise regression analyses were used to determine which variables significantly predicted allometrically scaled RTD. The analyses indicated that supraspinal drive was the dominant predictor of RTD across all phases. Additionally, recurrent inhibition predicted RTD in all of the time intervals except 0–150 ms. These results demonstrate the importance of supraspinal drive and recurrent inhibition to RTD.     

Relationship between floor type and risk of ACL injury in team handball

The purpose of this study was to compare the ACL injury rate between two different floor types - wooden floors (parquet, generally having lower friction) and artificial floors (generally having higher friction). ACL injuries have been recorded prospectively from the three top divisions for men and women in Norwegian team handball during seven seasons (1989-2000). A total of 174 ACL injuries have been recorded, and of these 53 occurred in regular league games. The floor types for all regular games from the same seasons have been determined retrospectively based on match schedules. The matches were divided into two groups: those played on wooden floors and those played on artificial floors. A total of nine injuries occurred among men (incidence: 0.24+/-0.09 injuries per 1000 player hours) and 44 among women (0.77+/-0.04 injuries 1000 h(-1); OR vs. men: 3.21 (1.56-6.58); P=0.001). Among men, four injuries occurred on wooden floors (0.32+/-0.13 injuries 1000 h(-1)) and five injuries occurred on artificial floors (0.20+/-0.12 injuries 1000 h(-1); OR vs. wooden floors: 0.63 (0.17-2.37); ns). Among women, eight injuries occurred on wooden floors (0.41+/-0.09 injuries 1000 h(-1); OR vs. men: 1.29 (0.39-4.28); ns) and 36 on artificial floors (0.96+/-0.04 injuries 1000 h(-1); OR vs. wooden floors: 2.35 (1.09-5.07); P=0.03; OR vs. men: 4.77 (1.87-12.18); P=0.001). These results indicate that the risk of ACL injury for women is higher on artificial floors than on wooden floors.     

A novel computerised notation and analysis system for assessment of injury and injury risk in football

Notation analysis has now gained wide use in the assessment of competitive football play. Computer-aided methods have largely replaced the use of hand-notation systems. Whilst a hand-notation approach has been adopted previously in assessing injury-risk in football, the recording and analysing of events with injury potential are time-consuming. In this report, a computerised system of notating incidents in the game is described. Key incidents are monitored with respect to degree of injury potential, location and other factors. The use of the system is illustrated by comparing home and away performances in Premier League matches between Manchester United and Liverpool F.C. The system has advantages in speed and accuracy of handling data related to injury and injury risk.     

Eccentric hamstring strength deficit and poor hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio are risk factors for hamstring strain injury in football: A prospective study of 146 professional players

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preseason isokinetic strength measures were predictive of future HSI among professional football players.

Incidence of acute volleyball injuries: a prospective cohort study of injury mechanisms and risk factors

The purpose of the study was to examine the incidence and mechanisms of acute volleyball injuries, with particular reference to possible risk factors for ankle injuries. Coaches and players in the top two divisions of the Norwegian Volleyball Federation were asked to keep records of exposure time and all acute volleyball injuries causing a player to miss at least one playing day during one season. We found 89 injuries among 272 players during 51 588 players hours, 45 837 h of training and 5751 h of match play. The total injury incidence was 1.7 ± 0.2 per 1000 h of play, 1.5 ± 0.2 during training and 3.5 ± 0.8 during match play. The ankle (54%) was the most commonly injured region, followed by the lower back (11%), knee (8%) shoulder (8%) and fingers (7%). Of the ankle injuries, 79% were recurrences, and the relative risk of injury was 3.8 ( P < 0.0001) for previously injured ankles (38 of 232) vs. non-injured ankles (10 of the 234). Moreover, a reinjury was observed in 21 of the 50 ankles that had suffered an ankle ankle sprain within the last 6 months (42.0 ± 7.0%; risk ratio: 9.8 vs. uninjured ankles; P < 0.000001). The data indicate that external supports should be worn for 6–12 months after an ankle sprain and that specific injury prevention programs may be developed for ankle sprains in volleyball.     

Changes in muscle architecture of biceps femoris induced by eccentric strength training with nordic hamstring exercise

Eccentric strength training alters muscle architecture, but it is also an important factor for the prevention of hamstring injuries. The purpose was to determine the architectural adaptations of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) after eccentric strength training with nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), followed by a subsequent detraining period. The participants in this intervention (n=23) completed a period of 13 weeks consisting of a first week of control and prior training, followed by 8 weeks of eccentric strength training with NHE, and concluding with a 4‐week period of detraining. The architectural characteristics of the BFlh were measured at rest using two‐dimensional ultrasound before (M1—week 1) and after (M2—week 9) the eccentric strength training, and at the end of the detraining period (M3—week 13). The muscle fascicle length significantly increased (t =−7.73, d =2.28, P <.001) in M2 compared to M1, as well as the muscle thickness (t =−5.23, d =1.54, P <.001), while the pennation angle presented a significant decrease (t =7.81, d =2.3, P <.001). The muscle fascicle length decreased significantly (t =6.07, d =1.79, P <.001) in M3 compared to M2, while the pennation angle showed a significant increase (t =−4.63, d =1.36, P <.001). The results provide evidence that NHE may cause alterations in the architectural conditions of the BFlh and may have practical implications for injury prevention and rehabilitation programs.     

Ski boot canting adjustments affect kinematic,kinetic, and postural control measures associated with fall and injury risk

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate if and to what extent small lateral wedges inserted under the ski boot, known as canting, could impact knee kinematics/kinetics, balance, and neuromuscular activity in recreational alpine skiers in the laboratory setting.DesignExperimental, crossover study with repeated-measures analysisMethodsThirty-eight recreational skiers completed a single-leg postural balance test while wearing standardized ski boots in their unmodified state (control), and with medial and lateral canting wedges applied. Kinematics, kinetics, postural control measures, and neuromuscular activity of the lower extremity were assessed using optical motion capture, instrumented force plates, and electromyography.ResultsCanting modifications had significant impact on lower extremity kinematics and kinetics: canting wedges on the medial side of the foot significantly decreased knee valgus moments, hip internal rotation, and hip adduction. Medial canting also improved some postural control measures associated with balance quality, and reduced activation levels of the Vastus Lateralis, Biceps Femoris, and Tibialis Anterior.ConclusionsIn the laboratory setting, canting appears to be an appropriate option for improving balance in alpine skiers. Medial canting can alter skier kinematics and kinetics in ways which are consistent with mechanisms of ACL injury. Canting may also result in reduced neuromuscular effort. These changes in movement have potential to prevent lower limb injuries in alpine skiers. The findings of this study motivate future research to predict individual responses to canting treatment in a study setting more closely resembling the sports environment.     

Knee flexor strength and rate of torque development deficits in women with patellofemoral pain are related to poor objective function

BackgroundDeficits in knee flexor strength and rate of torque development (RTD) might be present in women with patellofemoral pain (PFP). In addition, maximal strength and RTD of the knee flexors and extensors might be related with subjective and objective function in women with PFP. However, both conjectures are still poorly understood.Research questionDo women with PFP have deficits in the maximal strength and RTD of the knee flexors and extensors during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions? Is there a relationship between maximal strength and RTD of the knee flexors and extensors with subjective and objective function in women with PFP?MethodsFifty-six women with, and 46 women without, PFP participated. Maximal strength and RTD (to 30% and 60% maximal torque) during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions of the knee flexors and extensors were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Objective assessment included single leg hop test (SLHT) and forward step-down test (FSDT). Subjective assessment involved the anterior knee pain scale.ResultsWomen with PFP had small to large deficits in maximal strength and RTD of the knee flexors and extensors during isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions (Effect sizes: -0.43 to -1.10; p ≤ 0.016). Small to moderate correlations of maximal concentric and eccentric knee flexor strength and RTD with SLHT and FSDT (r = 0.28 to 0.41; p ≤ 0.037) were identified. Subjective or objective function were not correlated with maximal isometric knee flexor strength and RTD, or any knee extensor measures (p > 0.05).SignificanceMaximal strength and RTD deficits of the knee flexors and extensors were identified in this female PFP cohort, but they were unrelated to subjective function. The relationship of concentric and eccentric knee flexor strength and RTD deficits with poor objective function should be considered in future exercise trials for women with PFP.     

武警某队属医院收治的骨关节训练伤特点及膝关节损伤的危险因素

目的 探讨武警某队属医院收治的骨关节训练伤特点及膝关节损伤的危险因素。方法 收集2020年1-12月因骨关节军事训练伤在武警湖北总队医院骨科住院治疗官兵的病例资料,通过统计骨关节训练伤种类、构成比及受伤训练科目与时间来分析骨关节训练伤的特点。采用回顾性病例对照研究的设计,以分层整群抽样的方式在全总队范围抽取83名发生过膝关节损伤的官兵为损伤组,91名从未发生膝关节损伤的官兵作为未损伤组,向两组受试对象发放问卷,通过问卷设置一般情况、行为习惯、身体素质、训练运动量、主观情绪、社会认知6个维度共20个问题,对问卷内容采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析以探索膝关节损伤的相关危险因素。结果 (1)2020年,武警湖北总队医院共收治骨关节训练伤住院病例155例,含12类疾病诊断,其中膝关节损伤在骨关节训练伤疾病谱系中占比最高,400m障碍是最常导致骨关节损伤的训练科目,1-3月及7-9月为骨关节训练伤发病的高峰期。(2)膝关节损伤的单因素分析显示,损伤组的行中、大强度训练量与消极情绪人数占比高于未损伤组(P<0.05);与损伤组相比,未损伤组中有饮茶习惯的人数占比较高(P<...