三七总皂苷调控巨噬细胞对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231侵袭迁移影响

目的:探讨三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins, PNS)通过调控巨噬细胞对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231侵袭迁移的影响。方法:培养MDA-MB-231和Raw264.7细胞,给予不同浓度PNS,采用MTT与流式细胞术(Flow Cytometry, FCM)分别检测不同浓度PNS对MDA-MB-231与巨噬细胞Raw264.7增殖与凋亡的影响;划痕实验检测不同浓度PNS处理的Raw264.7细胞的条件培养基对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231迁移的影响;Transwell实验检测不同浓度PNS与巨噬细胞共同作用对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231侵袭的影响;ELISA与流式细胞术检测不同浓度PNS对巨噬细胞相关细胞因子分泌及蛋白表达的影响。结果:PNS可以剂量依赖性地抑制MDA-MB-231与Raw264.7细胞的增殖,高浓度PNS溶液可以显著增加细胞凋亡;低浓度(20,50μg·mL^-1)PNS巨噬细胞条件培养基可以抑制MDA-MB-231的迁移;低浓度(20,50μg·mL^-1)PNS与巨噬细胞共培养可以明显抑制MD...     

刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移能力的影响及作用机制研究

目的：探讨刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移能力的影响及作用机制。方法：CCK-8检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞增殖能力的影响;细胞划痕实验检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移的影响;Transwell实验检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭的影响;试剂盒检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞乳酸分泌的影响;PCR检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞HK、PFK和Glut4基因表达的影响;Western Blot法检测刺五加皂苷B/E对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞HK、PFK和Glut4蛋白表达的影响。结果：刺五加皂苷B/E 25、50、100、200 μmol·L-1剂量不抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖;刺五加皂苷B/E 100、200 μmol·L-1能够抑制MDA-MB-231细胞迁移;刺五加皂苷B/E 50、100、200 μmol·L-1能够抑制MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭和乳酸分泌,也能够降低MDA-MB-231细胞有氧糖酵解中相关蛋白HK、PFK、Glut4的表达。结论：刺五加皂苷B/E能够抑制乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的迁移、侵袭,其机制可能与抑制肿瘤细胞糖酵解有关。     

不同产地延龄草中延龄草总皂苷的含量测定

目的建立延龄草中总皂苷的含量测定方法,比较研究不同产地延龄草中总皂苷的含量。方法以薯蓣皂苷元为对照品,采用分光光度法,高氯酸显色,在410nm处测定吸光度,计算延龄草中总皂苷的含量。结果薯蓣皂苷元在4.12~49.44μg范围内与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.998 9),平均回收率为97.3%,RSD为2.5%。结论该方法操作简便、准确、灵敏、重复性好,可用于延龄草样品中总皂苷的含量测定,不同产地样品,总皂苷含量有差异。     

延龄草中总皂苷的含量测定

目的:建立延龄草总皂苷的含量测定方法。方法:以薯蓣皂苷元为对照品,采用分光光度法,高氯酸显色,在408nm处测定吸光度,计算延龄草中总皂苷的含量。结果:薯蓣皂苷元在0.01~0.06mg.mL-1的浓度范围内与吸光度值呈良好线性关系(R2=0.9996),方法的平均回收率为99.43%,RSD为2.64%。结论:建立了延龄草中总皂苷含量测定方法,该方法操作简便、准确、灵敏、重现性好,可用于延龄草的质量控制。     

BMP9下调HIF-1α抑制乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的有氧糖酵解和迁移侵袭

目的 研究骨形成蛋白BMP9对三阴性乳腺癌MDAMB-231细胞有氧糖酵解和迁移侵袭的调控作用。方法 实验组使用人BMP9重组腺病毒（AdBMP9）感染MDA-MB-231细胞,对照组用空载的GFP腺病毒感染细胞。采用乳酸、葡萄糖和ATP检测试剂盒检测细胞的葡萄糖摄取量、乳酸和ATP生成量;通过GEPIA2数据库,分析BMP9在泛癌中与糖酵解关键酶基因的相关性;qRT-PCR检测过表达BMP9后,MDA-MB-231中糖酵解关键酶GLUT1、HK2、PKM2、LDHA的mRNA表达水平;STRING数据库分析BMP9抑制MDA-MB-231有氧糖酵解潜在靶点;Western blot检测细胞HIF-1α和下游蛋白表达水平;划痕实验和Transwell实验评估不同处理后,细胞的迁移与侵袭能力的改变。结果 与对照组相比,BMP9下调乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的葡萄糖摄取、乳酸生成及ATP水平（P<0.01）,抑制HIF-1α及其下游蛋白表达;Rescue实验中,过表达HIF-1α能逆转BMP9对MDAMB-231细胞有氧糖酵解和迁移侵袭的抑制作用。结论 BMP9下调HIF-1α抑...     

芦荟大黄素对高转移乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231体外转移潜能的影响

目的研究芦荟大黄素(Aloe emodin,AE)对人高转移乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231体外转移潜能的影响及其作用机制。方法 MTT法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖的抑制作用;Transwell chamber法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭重组基底膜能力和趋化性运动能力的影响;RT-PCR、Western blot法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞黏着斑激酶(FAK)mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。明胶酶谱法检测MDA-MB-231细胞分泌的基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)活性。结果 80μmol·L-1 AE抑制MDA-MB-231细胞体外侵袭重组基底膜能力、趋化性运动能力,其抑制率分别为(52.98±5.46)%,(45.88±8.51)%。作用于MDA-MB-231细胞24 h后,AE下调FAK mRNA和蛋白表达,下调MDA-MB-231细胞分泌MMP-9。结论 AE抑制MDA-MB-231细胞体外侵袭能力、趋化性运动能力,其作用机制与其下调FAK表达和MMP-9的分泌有关。     

瑞香素对三阴性乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的 探讨瑞香素对三阴性乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231的增殖、迁移及侵袭的抑制作用及其潜在机制。方法 体外培养MDA-MB-231细胞,随机分为对照组和瑞香素10,20,40 μg·mL^–1组。以MTT法检测细胞的增殖情况;通过克隆形成试验检测各组MDA-MB-231细胞克隆形成情况;划痕试验及Transwell观测细胞迁移和侵袭情况;Western blotting检测Vimentin、MMP9、Cyclin D1、CDK4蛋白表达量。结果 与对照组相比,瑞香素组（10,20,40 μg·mL^–1）显著抑制细胞增殖（P<0.05或P<0.01）;瑞香素组（10,20,40 μg·mL^–1）可以抑制人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231的克隆形成（P<0.01）;瑞香素组（20,40 μg·mL^–1）细胞的迁移能力和侵袭能力显著下降（P<0.01）;瑞香素组（20,40 μg·mL^–1）细胞Vimentin、MMP9、Cyclin D1、CDK4蛋白表达量显著降低（P<0.01）。结论 瑞香素可以抑制三阴性乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力,其作用机制可能与下调Vimentin、MMP9、Cyclin D1、CDK4的表达有关。     

西黄丸抑制乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移的分子机制研究

目的探讨西黄丸水提液抑制乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移的分子机制.方法通过细胞划痕实验分析不同浓度(5、7.5、15 g/L)西黄丸水提液对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移能力的影响.利用表皮生长因子(EGF)单独或联合加入西黄丸水提液,作用于乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞,通过蛋白质印迹法检测纤维连接蛋白(FN...     

没食子酸乙酯对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力的影响及其机制

研究狼毒大戟中没食子酸乙酯(ethyl gallate,EG)对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力的影响,并对其作用机制进行探讨。采用细胞与Matrigel黏附实验,Transwell小室检测EG对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞黏附、侵袭和运动能力的影响。RT-PCR检测EG对MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA表达的影响;Western blot法检测EG对Akt-NF-κB信号转导通路蛋白表达的变化。结果显示,EG在体外可显著抑制人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭、运动以及黏附能力(P<0.05)。EG可抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA水平,抑制Akt-NF-κB信号转导通路中的Akt磷酸化和NF-κB蛋白表达。因此认为EG在体外具有一定的抑制乳腺癌细胞侵袭迁移的作用,其机制与抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA水平、抑制Akt磷酸化过程和NF-κB蛋白表达有关。     

4-氨基-2-三氟甲基苯基维甲酸酯对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231诱导分化作用及可能的机制研究

目的观察4-氨基-2-三氟甲基苯基维甲酸酯(4-anino-2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl retimate,ATPR)对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231抑制增殖诱导分化作用,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法体外培养人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231,MTT检测细胞增殖,绘制细胞生长曲线,瑞氏-吉姆萨染色观察细胞形态变化,酶联免疫法检测粘蛋白MUC-1活性,流式细胞术检测细胞周期,实时荧光定量PCR法和Western blot法检测维甲酸受体(retinoic acid receptors,RAR)RARα、RARβ、RARγ和维甲类受体(retinoid X receptors,RXR)RXRα、RXRβ、RXRγ基因和蛋白的表达。结果 ATPR能够抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖,具有浓度-时间依赖性,染色后镜下观察MDA-MB-231细胞生长密度降低,形态趋于正常。ELISA结果显示,ATPR作用后明显降低MDA-MB-231细胞培养上清中MUC-1的浓度;流式细胞术结果显示,MDA-MB-231细胞中G0/G1期表达量增加,S期表达量减少,细胞阻滞在G0/G1期比例增加。q-RT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,ATPR作用后,RARγ的mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低,RXRs mRNA和蛋白水平无明显变化。结论 ATPR可以抑制人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231增殖并诱导其分化,其机制可能与RARγ的表达有关。     

In vitro assessment of liposomal neridronate on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Bisphosphonates have been used for decades in the standard therapy of bone-related diseases, including bone metastasis of various malignancies, and they might as well be toxic on early cancer cells themselves. In order to allow a better delivery of neridronate (a N-containing bisphosphonate with relatively poor activity), liposomes were evaluated in vitro on cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, U87-MG and Caco2). After chemical synthesis, this water-soluble molecule was encapsulated into liposomes containing DOPC:DOPG:Chol (72:27:1 molar ratio). The influence of neridronate (free or liposomal) on cell viability or proliferation after treatment was evaluated using the MTT method, as well as cell migration and invasion assays; these techniques showed a drastic improvement of the action of neridronate on MDA-MB-231 cells with an EC₅₀ 50 times lower when neridronate was encapsulated. Internalization of liposomes was followed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, demonstrating internalization via the endocytic pathway. Furthermore, since overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9) has been correlated to poor prognosis in many cancer types, detection of MMP expression is a satisfactory indication of the therapy efficiency and was then performed on treated cells. On MDA-MB-231 cells, MPPs expression was also significantly reduced by neridronate while entrapped in liposomes.     

Metabolism of equilenin in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Sulfate conjugates of the B-ring unsaturated estrogens, equilin, equilenin, and 8-dehydroestrone, and their 17alpha- and 17beta-dihydro analogues, constitute about 54% of Premarin (Wyeth-Ayerst), the most commonly prescribed estrogen formulation in estrogen replacement therapy. Despite the wide clinical use of Premarin, there have been very few studies on the metabolism of the B-ring unsaturated estrogens in humans and there is no information regarding the fate of these compounds in breast tissue or tumors. In this study, we investigated the metabolism of equilenin in two lines of human breast-cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. MCF-7 cells respond to treatment with Ah-receptor agonists with induction of cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1B1, whereas in MDA-MB-231 cells P450 1B1 is predominantly induced. Metabolites of equilenin were identified and quantified by GC/MS utilizing a series of synthetic metabolite standards and deuterium-labeled analogues as internal standards. In the two cell lines, the same pathways of equilenin metabolism were observed. Equilenin was reduced at C-17 to the 17beta-dihydro form, with minimal production of the 17alpha-dihydro isomer. Both equilenin and 17beta-dihydroequilenin were hydroxylated at the C-4 position, and the resultant catechol metabolites were methylated to form 4-methoxyequilenin and 4-methoxy-17beta-dihydroequilenin. Rates of equilenin metabolism were markedly elevated in cultures exposed to the Ah-receptor agonists, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 3,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl, implicating the activities of P450s 1A1 and 1B1 in the metabolism. The 2-hydroxylation pathways of equilenin and 17beta-dihydroequilenin metabolism were not observed. In microsomal reactions with cDNA-expressed human enzymes, both P450s 1A1 and 1B1 catalyzed the 4-hydroxylation of 17beta-dihydroequilenin, whereas with 17beta-estradiol as substrate P450 1A1 catalyzes predominantly 2-hydroxylation and P450 1B1 predominantly 4-hydroxylation. Since P450 1B1 is constitutively expressed and both P450s 1A1 and 1B1 are inducible in many extrahepatic tissues including the mammary epithelium, these results indicate the potential for 4-hydroxylation of equilenin and 17beta-dihydroequilenin in extrahepatic, estrogen-responsive tissues.     

黄连碱对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞周期和增殖的作用及其机制

目的 探讨黄连碱对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB231细胞周期和增殖的作用及相关机制.方法 MTT法和瑞-姬氏染色法分别检测黄连碱对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布,RT-PCR检测细胞周期相关基因包括细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、CDK6、p21及p27mRNA的表达变化.结果 黄连碱可明显抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖;黄连碱处理细胞后G0/G1期细胞比例减少,而S期和G2/M期细胞比例增高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);黄连碱可上调p21 mRNA的表达、下调CDK4 mRNA和CDK6 mRNA的表达(P＜0.01),而对p27 mRNA水平无显著影响.结论 黄连碱在体外能通过诱导S期及G2/M期周期阻滞来抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖;其机制可能与p21mRNA表达上调导致CDK4 mRNA及CDK6 mRNA减少有关.     

环九肽与人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞特异性结合的研究

目的探讨99Tc^m标记分子探针与人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的特异结合及生物分布。方法：Westernblot分析MDA-MB-231细胞和正常乳腺上皮细胞MCF-10A IL-11受体（IL-11R）蛋白的表达;荧光检测99Tc^m-DTPA-c（CG-RRAGGSC）与乳腺癌细胞的特异性结合及结合位点。18只荷瘤裸鼠随机分为6组（挖-3）,经尾静脉注入0．74MBq（0．1mL）分子探针,不同时间测量其在荷瘤鼠体内生物分布。结果：West-ernblot检测MDA-M13-231细胞IL-11R是MCF-10A细胞的6．7倍;荧光染色证实99Tc^m-DTPA-c（CGRRAGGSC）-FITC特异结合在MDA-MB-231细胞的胞质和胞膜中;乳腺癌细胞IL-11R结合分子探针具饱和性;分子探针在荷瘤鼠体内迅速、持续聚集在瘤体内,4h达峰值（17．63±1．73）％ID／g,其他脏器分布极少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：MDA-MB-231细胞呈IL-11R高表达,与环九肽具有高亲和力,99Tc^m标记环九肽放射性分子探针体内外能与之靶向特异结合。     

Disruption of mitochondria during tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Tocotrienols, which are Vitamin E isoforms, are known to inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells due partly to apoptosis. However, the characterization of tocotrienol-induced apoptosis is incomplete, particularly what happens during the initiation phase that precedes execution of the cells. The objective of this study was to clarify the apoptotic effects of tocotrienols, with especial emphasis in determining if the mitochondria-mediated death pathway is activated when human breast cancer cells are incubated with a specific tocotrienol isomer. During incubation with gamma-tocotrienol, MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells showed membrane blebbing, and apoptotic bodies were present. Upon 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining of the cells, chromatin condensation and fragmentation were observed. Additionally, the annexin V-binding assay detected the translocation of membrane phospholipid during earlier analysis of the cells. Taken together, these results further establish that gamma-tocotrienol can induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. To help elucidate how gamma-tocotrienol induced the apoptosis, some important parameters related to the mitochondria-mediated death pathway were examined next. In gamma-tocotrienol-treated cells, the mitochondria were disrupted. Collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected, and cytochrome c was released later from mitochondria. However, expression of Bax and Bcl-2 (mRNA and protein) did not change. Furthermore, poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase cleavage was not detected, suggesting that caspases were not involved in the gamma-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis. These results imply that cytochrome c is not the critical protein released from mitochondria that triggers gamma-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.     

Tamoxifen and epigallocatechin gallate are synergistically cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

High concentrations of specific catechins [epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epicatechin gallate (ECG)] inhibit the proliferation of many different cancer cell lines. The aim of this work was to determine if low concentrations of catechins with and without 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) co-treatment would cause significant cytotoxicity in estrogen receptor-positive (ERalpha+) and -negative (ERalpha-) human breast cancer cells. Therefore, MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and HS578T cells were incubated with EGCG, EGC or ECG (5-25 microM) individually and in combination with 4-OHT for 7 days. Cell number was determined by the sulforhodamine B cell proliferation assay. As single agents, none of the catechins were cytotoxic to T47D cells, while only EGCG (20 microM) elicited cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells. Additionally, no benefit was gained by combination treatment with 4-OHT. ERalpha- human breast cancer cells were more susceptible as all three catechins were significantly cytotoxic to HS578T cells at concentrations of 10 microM. In this cell line, combination with 4-OHT did not increase cytotoxicity. However, the most striking results were produced in MDA-MB-231 cells. In this cell line, EGCG (25 microM) produced a greater cytotoxic effect than 4-OHT (1 microM) and the combination of the two resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity. In conclusion, low concentrations of catechins are cytotoxic to ERalpha- human breast cancer cells, and the combination of EGCG and 4-OHT elicits synergistic cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells.