INFLUENCE OF ALLOFERIN ON NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION IN MYASTHENIA PATIENTS UNDERGOING THYMECTOMY

Myasthenia gravis patients are hypersensitive to nondepolarizing relaxants,such as alcuronium,an intermedi-ate-long nondepolarizing agent. This study observed the effects of alcuronium treatment in myasthenia gravis pa-tients as compared with non-MG patients during operation.Ten MG patients (Ossermann class Ⅰ-Ⅳ,scheduled for thymectomy)and 10non-MG patients(ASA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ,scheduled for operation)were selected.An induc-tion dose of alcuronium 0.2 mg/kg and thiopental 4-6 mg/kg was given,followed by intubation and ventilation with 50％ nitrous oxide in oxygen and 0.5-1.5％ ethrane.Neuromuscular transmission was monitored using an accelerogragh and degrees of neuromuscular function at different depths were recorded.There were statistically significant differences between the tow groups.The effect of alloferin in the MG group was quicker and deeper.This study also found a relation between MG class and the recovery of respiration: Respiratory recovery was quicker in classes Ⅰ-Ⅱ than in classes Ⅲ-Ⅳ.     

INFLUENCES OF STIGMA CROCI AND SEMEN PERSICAE ON FUNCTION OF OVARY-UTERUS IN PSEUDOPREGNANT RATS

In pseudopregnant rats treated with StigmaCroci,the progesterone content in ovarianvenous blood was significantly decreased,thelevel of PGF_2 α in uterine venous blood wassignificantly increased and the specific bindingof ~(125)I-HCG by the ovary was also decreased(?)lightly,while the weight of uterus or ovarywas not affected.In pseudopregnant rats treat-ed with Semen Persicae,the progesterone con-tent in ovarian venous blood was not changedsignificantly,but the PGF_2 α in uterine venousblood was significantly increased,the bindingcapacity of ovary to HCG was decreased,andthe weight of uterus was significantly decreased.It was shown that both Stigma Croci andSemen Persicae affected the endocrine functionof rat ovary and uterus though the mechanismof action differed.Stigma Croci and SemenPersicae are often used together for synergisticeffect in many obstetrics and gynecology disea-ses in traditional Chinese medicine clinics.     

EFFECT OF HEAD IRRADIATION WITH IO GY X-RAYS ON HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY FUNCTION IN RATS

<正> Head irradiation with 10 Gy X-rays in rats caused a significant increase in hypothalamic NE and DA contents with a concomitant decrease of L-Enk. These were accompanied by complicated phasic changes in serum PRL, LH, FSH, TSH,T4 and T3 levels. The neuroendocrine shifts following head irradiation were supposed to be the result of both direct effect of X-rays on the hypothalamus and some endocrine cells, and indirect effect mediated by neural and feedback mechanisms.     

EFFECTS OF SOME “TONIC REMEDIES” ON THE WEIGHT OF PITUITARY-GONADAL GLAND IN RATS AND DETERMINATION OF Zn AND Mn CONTENTS IN THESE HERBS

Some Chinese herbs, such as Cuscula ehinensis (Cc), Epimedium sagittatum (Es), Morinta officinalis (Mo), Curculigo orchioides (Co), Astragalus complanatus (Ac), Cistanche descrticola (Cd), Lycium chinense (Lc) and Angelica sinensis (As), have been used     

EFFECT OF GENGNIANKANG ON THE REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF MALE RATS

Gengniankang did not increase the weight orreactivity of the testes to pituitary LH in old rats.No androgen activity was observed.The hCG/LHreceptor function of testis and the responsivity ofthe pituitary to LRH were enhanced by Gengnian-kang in old rats.By adjusting the function of thehormonal receptors the regulatory function of thehypothalamus-pituitary-gonads axis was improved,suggesting a possible endocrine mechanism of Geng-niankang in curing hypogonadism end climactericsyndrome of male and female.     

THE LONG TERM EFFECT OF CAPTOPRIL TREATMENT ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

The aim of this study is to elucidate the long term effect of captopril treatment on the endolhelial function to release nkric oxide (NO) in spontaneously hypertensLve rats (SHR). The properties of endothelium were determined with a model of hindquarter perfusion in response 1o at adrenerglc agonisl, phenylephrine,at the age of 40 weeks of SHR which was admhfistrated with captopril(100 mg/kg/day) from inlrauterine and wLthdrawn at 16 weeks of age. Furthermore, in lhe presence of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(LNAME), or L-arginine, the responses to phenylephrine were sludied. From the curve of perfusion pressure, the minimal, maximal perfusion pressure (PPmin,PPmax) and lhe maximal slope (slope),as well as the 50% of effective coneentratLon (EC50) were obtained. The data show that in captopril treated SHR,PPmin. PPmax and slope were markedly lower, but EC50 higher than those of untreated SHR. The curve induced by phenylephrine was significanlly right shift compared wilh lhat of untreated SHR. Like WKY,the intensive reactivity to phenylephrine in the presence of LNAME was much lower than that of untreated SHR. In the presence of L-argiinne. however, the right shill of curves was seen only Ln captopril treated SHR and WKY rats, but not in control SHR. In conclusion, endothelium does involve in the response of resistant vessel to phenylephrine. The mechanism of enhanced reaclixity in untreated SHR may be. at least in part. due to the dLminished capacity of producing NO from endothelium, and lhe effecl of sustained hypotension of early captopril treatment mighl be relevant to the improved ability of endothelium.     

THE HISTOCHEMICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ON THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)holds that“Heart manages pain”and“Heart can think”.Onthis basis we investigated the relation between painand analgesia in the central nervous system.Defining the function of the“five organs and viscera”and correlating their significance with modern con-cepts may be helpful in interpreting the mechanismof acupuncture.Copious data in TCM indicate thatShen (kidney) is involved in the hypothalamus,pituit-ary and adrenal gland axis.We considered thatthe neuroendocrinal system with variety of functionsmight have some relation with the mechanism ofacupuncture and acupuncture analgesia.This ex-periment focuses on the relation between the hypotha-lamus-adrenal gland axis and mechanism of acupunc-ture.     

EFFECT OF GINSENOSIDE ON THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS IN RATS

<正> The effect of ginsenoside on the endocrine glands in rats was studied with radioimmunoassay (RIA) and electron microscopy. Ginsenoside was injected intra-peritoneally for 5 successive days in a dosage of 100 mg/kg weight per day.The animals were killed on the 6 th day.Comparing with the control, the concentration of serum growth hormone (GH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were increased significantlyj the thyroid-stimulating hor mone (TSH) , triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4)were decreased markedly) the luteinizing hormone (LH) and cortisol showed no evident change. Electron microscopy revealed that in pars distalis of the pituitary gland, the somatotrophs possessed highly developed rough endoplasmic reticuli or plenty of granules, the gonadotrophs contained vesicular rough endoplasmic reticuli, indicating both were in active secretory phase.Whereas, the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid appeared functionally inactive.The results demonstrate that ginsenoside exerts a stim     

EARLY CHANGES OF KIDNEY MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

In order to study the nephropathy associated with experimental streptozotocin diabetes, serial functional and ultrastructural studies were done in insulin-treated (Group T), untreated (Group D) diabetic Wistar rats and normal controls on d 3, d 8, d 14 and d 28 of diabetes. The ratio of kidney weight to the body weight (KW/BW) and mean glomerular diameter (MGD) in diabetes rats at varying durations were increased as compared with those in control animals, but an increase of KW/BW and MGD in Group D was more marked than in Group T. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) and total urinary protein excretion rate (TUPER) were increased in Group D end T, but the increase in TUPER appeared later in Group T than in Group D. Enlargement of epithelial cells, disappearance of folds on their surface and widening of foot processes were observed after 3 d of diabetes. After 14 d of diabetes, increased basement membrane-like material in the mesangium was found. Morphologically an increase in glomerular size, expanded foot processes with ball-like terminal expansions, thickened basement membrane were observed.     

INFLUENCE OF GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT ON NITRIC OXIDE AND ENDOTHELIN-1 DURING CEREBRAL VASOSPASM IN RATS

Cerebralvasospasm(CVS)isoneofthemajorcomplicationsofsubarachnoidhemorrhage(SAH),whichcontributestothehighincidenceofmortalityanddisabilityfromthisdisease.ThepathogenesisofCVSremainstobeclarifiedandthemanagementofitisstillachallengetoclinicaldoctors.Nitricoxide(NO)isanewlydefinedendogenousgasthathastheeffectofdilatingbloodvessels,andendothelin-1(ET-1)actsasthemostpowerfulvasoconstrictor(1,2).IthasbeenfoundthatGinkgobilobaextract(EGb)maydilatecerebralbloodvesselsandantagonizeplateletactiva…     

THE CHANGES OF PANCREATIC ACINAR CELL FUNCTION IN ACUTE NECROTIZING PANCREATITIS OF RATS

R6sumeohiectifCettedtudeetaitfaitepourevaluerleschangementsdesfonctionsdescellulesacineusespancreatiqueschezlesratsdemodeledepancreatiteaiguenecrotique(PAN).MdthodesSoixant-dixratsetaientrandomizesendeuxgrouPes.legrouPeexPerimental(n=35)etlegrouPetemoin(n=35).LemodeleanimalexPerimentaldePAN4taitlaitparl'injectionretrogradedetaurocholatesodique5?nslecanaldeWrsungdurat.Latechniqued,autoradiOgraPhieparletraceurradioacti/L-'HPhenylalanineetaitutiliseepourevaluerleschangementslOnctionnels…     

INFLUENCE OF MEDICINAL HERBS DECOCTED WITH DIFFERENT UTENSILS ON COLONY FORMATION OF GASTRIC CARCINOMA CELLS

in order to elucidate the different resultsobtained in cancer patients with similar condition andsymptoms treated by the same medicinal herbs,an in-vestigation of the utensils used for making decoctionswas carried out.it was found that the decoction madeby mcans of glassware,enamel and earthenware potshad the best effect of Inhibiting the colony formationof human gastric carcinoma cells,the next were thedecoctions made by means of unrefined iron pots,stainless steel pots and copper pots,and the worstwas that made with aluminium pots.It was alsofound that there was no difference between the watercontained in those utensils and normal saline in theinfluence on the colony formation of human gastriccarcinoma cells.Therefore,it is believed that the dif-ference in effect of the decoctions made by means ofdifferent kinds of utensils is not due to the tracedissolution of the utensil materials,but is most likelydue to the occurence of some chemical reactions whilemaking the decoction.That the decoctions made bymeans of different utensils had different peak valuesin the absorption spectrum also supports this pro-position.     

EFFECT OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS ON PULMONARY FUNCTION IN INFANTS

Objective To evaluate the effect of the cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） on the pulmonary function in infants with or without pulmonary hypertension in congential ventricular septal defect （VSD）. Methods Twenty infants with VSD were enrolled in the study from Jan. to Dec. 2004. They were divided into two groups： pulmonary hypertension group and non-pulmonary hypertension group, ten infants respectively. Pulmonary function parameters were measured before CPB and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24h after CPB, the following data were recorded： duration for mechanical ventilation （Tmv） and staying in the cardiac intensive care unit （Tcicu） after cardiac surgery. Results Before CPB, the pulmonary function parameters in non-pulmonary hypertension group were more superior than in pulmonary hypertension group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. By contraries, the pulmonary function parameters in every time stage after CPB statistically significant decreased in non-pulmonary hypertension group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, especially at 6, 9, and 15h after CPB （ P 〈0. 01 ）. In pulmonary hypertension group, the pulmonary function parameters in 3h after CPB were more improved than before CPB, though there was no statistical significance. But they had statistically significant decreased at 9, 12, 15h after CPB （ P 〈0. 05）. There was a similar change in pulmonary function between two groups at 21,24h after CPB. Conclusion Exposure to CPB adversely affects pulmonary function after surgical repair of VSD in infants. We consider that the benefits of the surgical correction in infants with pulmonary hypertension outweight the negative effects of CPB on pulmonary function. We should improve cardiac function to avoid the presence of the nadir trough in pulmonary function. The infants with pulomonary hypertension also have ability to wean from mechanical ventilation as soon as possible, if the hemodynamics is stable, and without the responsive pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary hypertension crisis after surgical repair.     

OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF MASSAGE ON EXPERIMENTAL GASTRIC ULCER IN RATS

Clinical data have demonstrated thatafter massage on specific acupoints in pa-tients with gastric ulcer, the symptoms suchas gastric pain, belching, and acidregurgitation can be amelioratedsignificantly, showing good therapeutic effects. With acupoints and methods com-monly used in peptic ulcer cases, we per-formed the present animal experiment to in-vestigate the anti-ulcer action of massage     

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF PROTEIN DIETS ON KIDNEY IN DIABETIC RATS

Sixty-three streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups fed with different amounts of protein diets 7%, 20% and 40% protein in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively for 2 months. The ratio of right kidney weight/body weight (RKW/BW), 24h urinary protein excretion (UPE), creatinine clearance (Ccr), mean glomerular diameter (MGD), and colloidal iron staining (CTS) on surface of processes of glomerular podocyte were obsrerved by the end of the experiment. The results showed that RKW/BW and UPE in Group Ⅰreduced as compared with those in Group 2 and 3. The MGD in Group 3 in creased as compared with those in Group 2 and 1. But Ccr in diabetic rats fed with different diets showed no significant difference. Finally, it was found that fusion of the glomerular epithelial cell foot processes and decreased CIS were intensified by increased dietary protein content. The present findings suggest that restriction of protein intake may be able to retard the progression of diabetic nephropathy.     

STUDY ON INHIBITION OF PANCREATIC EXOCRINE SECRETION BY SOMATOSTATIN IN RATS

We used a potent and specific monocional antibody to somatostatin to test the physiologoic inhibitory role of the tetradecapeptide somatostation on pancreatic secretion, Somatostatlncreased both the total amylase and vofume of pancreatic sectetion. C.hoIecystokirfin-A receptor antagom smabolished the stimulatory ellect of somatostatin Jmmunoneutralization, We conclude that somatotation tccli-tally inhiblts pancreatic secretion in fasted rats via inhibition of the release or action of cholecystokinin.,Furthermore, the source of these paptides is likely islet delta cells and intrapancxeatie neurons, respectively.     

THE EFFECT OF STEROID CONTRACEPTIVES ON THE FUNCTION OF ANTERIOR PITUITARY IN PROESTROUS RAT

Proestrous rat with two injections of GnRH (100ng/per injection) was used as a priming effect model for the comparison of Anordrin and Lcvonorgcstrcl effect on anterior pituitary function.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF MUSCLE TENSION TOWARDS THE FUNCTION OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE FOLLOWING ITS REINNERVATION

Objective To investigate the influence of tension on the function of the denervated skeletal muscle after its reinnervation. Methods Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley ( SD ) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The left gastrocnemius muscles of the rats were dissected with only the neurovascular pedicles intact; the tibial nerves were cut and immediately repaired by epineurial suture. Then the Achilles tendons were isolated and treated accordingly; the Achilles tendon was lengthened by 0.5cm in lengthened group, shortened by 0.5cm in shortened group and left alone in normal (control) group. In the 2nd, 4th and 8th week after operation, the isometric twitch contractile force of both the right and the left gastrocnemius muscles were measured; specimens were taken from gastrocnemius muscle for histological study by light microscope. Results In comparison between the groups, the gastrocnemius muscles in the shortened group showed less severe muscle atrophy and connective tissue proliferation, bigger diameter and cross section dimension of the muscle fiber and greater isometric twitch contractile strength of the bilateral gastrocnemius muscles than those in the normal and lengthened groups in all the postoperative periods. Coneluaion A proper high tension of the muscle may improve the function of the denervated skeletal muscle after its reinnervation.     

EFFECTS OF XW630 ON BONE FORMATION IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS AND IN HUMAN OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS

Objective. To study the effects of XW630 on bone formation in overiectomized(OVX) rats and in hu-man osteoblast-like cell line TE85. Method. Bone histomorphometric analysis was performed with undecalcified bone sections and tetracy-cline intraperitoneally labeling. Results. Compared with that of OVX rats, the static data of trabecular bone volume(TBV)/total tis-sue volume(TTV), TBV/sponge bone volume(SBV) and mean trabecular plate density (MTPD) were en-hanced while mean trabecular plate spacing(MTPS) decreased after treated with XW630 for 13w. The dy-namic data of single-labeled surface [Sfract(s)], double-labeled surface[Sfract(d)],Sfract(d 1/2s),tra-becular osteoid surface(TOS), and bone formation rate in tissue level (Svf) were increased and osteoid maturation period (OMP) shortened in XW630 group. In osteoblast-like cells, both ^3H-thymidine incorpo-ration and cell count increased after treated with XW630 for 48. Treated with XW630 for 12～ 18h,in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) activity and cGMP content increased in time-dependent manners. Conclusions. XW630 enhanced bone activation frequency and increased trabecular connectivity, stabili-ty, and strength. The cellular mechanism related to effects of XW630 on bone formation in ovariectomized     

EFFECT OF RU486 ON THE LUTEAL FUNCTION IN THE PREGNANT MOUSE

The effect of RU486, an antiprogestin, on luteal functions in the post-implantation mouse was studied. (1) In vivo experiment: Female adult mice were treated with RU486 at an oral dose of 100 mg/kg on day 1 and day 2 of pregnancy. Autopsy was performed