前列地尔注射液对急性心肌梗死患者急诊介入治疗术后对比剂肾病的预防作用

目的：：评价前列地尔注射液对 ST 段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊介入治疗(PCI)术后对比剂肾病(CIN)的预防作用。方法：将2012年9月至2014年9月在我院行急诊PCI治疗的128例 STEMI患者随机分为实验组65例和对照组63例。分别采集术前、术后24,48,72 h及术后7 d静脉血检测血清肌酸酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)并比较分析。结果：介入术后24,48,72 h实验组 SCr和BUN水平均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。前列地尔组和对照组CIN的发生率分别为10.77%(7/65)和26.98%(17/63),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析结果显示,年龄、肾功能不全和对比剂用量是CIN发生的危险因素,而应用前列地尔注射液是CIN发生的独立保护因素。结论：接诊PCI术前和术后应用前列地尔注射液可以有效降低 STEMI患者CIN发生率。     

糖尿病患者冠状动脉介入治疗术后对比剂肾病的危险因素及预后分析

目的:探讨糖尿病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后对比剂肾病(contrast-induced nephropathy,CIN)的危险因素和预后。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2013年5月于我院行PCI的1 481例冠心病患者的临床资料,分为糖尿病组(n=375)和非糖尿病组(n=1 106)。观察2组患者PCI术后肾功能变化及CIN发生率,分析糖尿病患者PCI术后CIN发生的危险因素及预后。结果:PCI术后非糖尿病组胱抑素C(cystatin C,CysC)和血清肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)水平显著低于糖尿病组(P<0.05);肾小球滤过率估计值(estimated glomerular filtration rate,e GFR)水平明显高于糖尿病组(P<0.05)。糖尿病组和非糖尿病组CIN发生率分别为36.8%和16.0%(P<0.001)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,高血压、心衰、贫血、袢利尿剂、肾功能不全、术前GFR、对比剂用量和术前口服二甲双胍是糖尿病患者PCI术后CIN发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示CIN组两年生存率明显低于非CIN组(P<0.001)。结论:糖尿病患者PCI术后CIN发生率高且生存率明显下降,其危险因素包括高血压、心衰、贫血、袢利尿剂、肾功能不全、术前GFR、对比剂用量和术前口服二甲双胍。     

急性冠状动脉综合症PCI术后对比剂肾病危险因素分析

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合症(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后发生对比剂肾病(CIN)的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2016年8月至2018年5月接受PCI治疗ACS患者318例,根据患者CIN发生情况被分为非CIN组292例(91. 8%)和CIN组26例(8. 2%),对于患者临床基线资料和可能影响CIN发病的危险因素进行分析和筛选。结果 CIN组患者年龄[(59. 5±13. 1)岁比(53. 6±12. 9)岁,P=0. 037]、贫血(15. 4%比4. 8,P=0. 043)、糖尿病(30. 8%比14. 0%,P=0. 039)、慢性肾病(19. 2%比5. 1%,P=0. 018)、肌酐[(69. 97±25. 81)μmol/L比(61. 91±24. 53)μmol/L,P=0. 041]和对比剂用量[(219±87) mL比(163±79) mL,P=0. 012]均高于非CIN组,非CIN组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)(57. 9±6. 7%比51. 9±7. 2%,P=0. 043)高于CIN组。Logistic回归分析显示、贫血、糖尿病、慢性肾病、LVEF降低、肌酐升高和造影剂用量增加是CIN发生的主要危险因素。结论高龄患者合并有贫血、糖尿病、慢性肾病或心功能不全,如在术中大量应用对比剂会增加CIN发病风险。     

肾功能正常或轻度损害患者接受冠状动脉造影术后发生对比剂肾病的危险因素分析

 目的 研究eGFR≥60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2的患者在冠状动脉造影术后的对比剂肾病(contrast induced nephropathy,CIN)发病率,分析CIN发病的临床危险因素。方法 收录2009年2月至12月在复旦大学附属华山医院择期行冠脉造影术、eGFR≥60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2的患者中发生CIN的病例,并行性别、年龄配对分析。用病例报告表记录患者的基线资料,用Logistic回归分析CIN的临床危险因素,用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果 543例接受血管造影术且eGFR≥60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2的患者中共17例发生CIN,发病率3.13%。CIN发病的临床危险因素包括基线高敏C反应蛋白(high sensieivity C reactive protein,hs CRP)水平升高及术前未连续口服阿司匹林(100 mg/天)超过1月。结论 在eGFR≥60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2的患者中,CIN发病率<5%,发病危险因素可能为基线hs CRP水平升高和术前未连续口服阿司匹林1月以上。     

尿微量白蛋白和胱抑素C与对比剂肾病的相关性

目的:探索尿微量白蛋白(MAU)和胱抑素C(CysC)与对比剂肾病(CIN)的相关性。方法:选取2011年1月-2013年6月在本院心血管2科住院接受经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的205例心绞痛患者,按照是否发生CIN分为CIN组和非CIN组,所有患者PCI术前和术后3 d监测MAU、CysC和肌酐(Scr)。比较两组PCI前后上述指标的变化,采用logistic回归分析评估MAU、CysC与CIN的相关性。结果:205例患者中共有17例住院期间发生CIN(8.29%)。CIN组的MAU及CysC在24 h内出现变化,48 h开始下降,术后各时间段水平均明显高于术前及非CIN组相应时间的水平(P0.05);CIN组Scr水平的变化出现在48 h,48 h和72 h的Scr水平均明显高于术前和非CIN组同一时间的水平(P0.05);非CIN组的PCI术前/后MAU、CysC和Scr数值无明显变化(P0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析校正年龄、性别、贫血、对比剂用量与糖尿病病史,可知PCI术前MAU、CysC水平是CIN的独立预测因子(P0.05);对比剂使用量与CIN发生率显著相关(P0.05)。结论:MAU、CysC的变化能够早期预测CIN发生,MAU、CysC可能是CIN的独立危险因素。     

冠脉介入诊疗中对比剂肾病的临床危险因素分析

目的观察接受低渗非离子型对比剂进行冠脉介入诊疗患者的肾功能变化,分析、评估对比剂肾病(CIN)的临床危险因素。方法选择使用低渗非离子型对比剂行冠脉介入诊疗的患者452例,于介入术前、术后48～72 h分别查血清肌酐,分析比较CIN患者和非CIN患者年龄、性别、术前肌酐值以及合并临床危险因素及对比剂剂量的差异。结果 452例患者中28例发生CIN,424例患者肾功能无恶化。CIN患者年龄、术前肌酐值,合并高血压病、糖尿病、心衰、血容量不足的发病率及对比剂剂量均显著高于非CIN患者。结论年龄、术前肾功能不全、对比剂剂量、合并高血压病、糖尿病、心力衰竭、血容量不足是冠脉介入术后CIN发生的重要临床危险因素。     

碘海醇所致造影剂肾病的危险因素分析

目的分析碘海醇所致造影剂肾病(CIN)的危险因素。方法收集在河北医科大学第一医院心内科行经皮冠状动脉造影的646例患者临床资料,根据造影剂肾病的诊断标准分为CIN组(n=116)和非CIN组(n=530),比较两组患者基础疾病、自身情况的差异,采用Logistic回归分析危险因素。结果 CIN组患者和非CIN组患者的2型糖尿病、慢性肾脏病、心力衰竭、低血压、心肌梗死、急诊PCI例数以及年龄、造影剂用量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:2型糖尿病、慢性肾脏病、心力衰竭、低血压、心肌梗死、年龄≥70岁、造影剂用量≥200 ml、急诊PCI是发生造影剂肾病的危险因素。结论碘海醇所致造影剂肾病的发生受到基础疾病、自身情况、造影剂用量等因素的影响,对于存在CIN高危因素的患者应引起临床上的高度重视。     

老年高血压合并冠心病患者对比剂肾病相关危险因素研究

目的 探讨老年高血压患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention, PCI)后对比剂肾病(contrast induced nephropathy, CIN)与血清同型半胱氨酸、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值水平的联系。方法 选取笔者医院心内科2021年1月～2021年9月行PCI的老年高血压患者572例作为研究对象,收集患者的临床资料及术前48h内和术后24h、48h、72h的各项生化指标。根据术后肌酐升高的绝对值可将患者分为CIN组(肌酐增高≥44.2μmol/L)和非CIN组(肌酐增高<44.2μmol/L)。结果 572例患者中,76例发生了CIN(13.3%)。t检验结果显示CIN组的术前血清同型半胱氨酸、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值、尿微量白蛋白、尿酸、血肌酐水平均高于非CIN组(P<0.05),估算肾小球滤过率则低于非CIN组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明术前血清同型半胱氨酸水平、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值是老年高血压PCI后发生CIN的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。结论 ...     

PCI术中对比剂剂量与患者血肌酐、肾小球滤过率、肌酐清除率的相关性及对近中期不良事件的影响

目的观察经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术中对比剂剂量与患者血肌酐(SCr)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)水平变化及近中期不良事件的关系。方法 PCI术后患者462例按对比剂剂量分为2组,即剂量<150 ml组103例(对照组)和剂量150~300 ml组359例(观察组)。记录2组患者PCI术前及术后1周、1个月、3个月、9个月的SCr、eGFR及肌酐清除率(CCr),同时记录2组患者术后对比剂肾病(CIN)发生率,再次心肌梗死、PCI术、冠状动脉搭桥及猝死等近中期不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生情况。结果 2组患者术前、术后SCr、eGFR、CCr比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CIN发生率:对照组5例(4.9%)低于观察组19例(5.3%)(X~2=0.031,P=0.86)。MACE发生率:对照组13例(12.6%)低于观察组41例(11.4%)(X~2=0.112,P=0.738)。eGFR是发生CIN的独立危险因素(OR=0.931,95%CI=0.910~0.952,P<0.01)。结论在对比剂使用剂量低于300 ml情况下,随着对比剂剂量的增加,其对肾功能的损伤严重程度未增加;对近中期不良事件的发生率无影响。     

STEMI行急诊PCI术患者V/eGFR对对比剂肾病和近期预后的影响

目的:评估对比剂用量与估算的肾小球滤过率比值(V/eGFR)对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后对比剂肾病(CIN)发生率和近期(住院期间)预后的影响?方法:连续入选215例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行急诊PCI患者,计算所有患者eGFR值,通过ROC曲线确立V/eGFR对CIN的预测价值,并应用多元回归分析评估CIN风险?结果:所有患者CIN发生率为11.6%(25例),V/eGFR是CIN显著的危险因素,应用ROC曲线分析显示,当V/eGFR > 2.45时与CIN及住院期间不良预后密切相关(OR = 4.15,95%CI:1.19~13.56,P = 0.025)?结论:急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者V/eGFR > 2.45是急诊PCI术后发生CIN和住院期间预后不良的最佳预测值?     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.