静心助眠口服液改善睡眠功能试验

目的研究静心助眠口服液对小鼠睡眠功能的影响。方法采用改善睡眠功能检验方法,分别进行了直接睡眠实验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验。结果本品无明显直接睡眠作用,延长戊巴比妥睡眠时间实验结果为阳性、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验结果为阴性。结论静心助眠口服液具有改善小鼠睡眠的作用。     

灵芝孢子粉改善睡眠的实验研究

目的 探讨灵芝孢子粉改善睡眠的作用.方法 通过直接睡眠试验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间试验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠试验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期试验,观察灵芝孢子粉对睡眠的作用.结果 一定剂量的灵芝孢子粉能使戊巴比妥诱导的小鼠睡眠时间延长,睡眠发生率提高,巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期呈现一定的剂量反应关系.结论 灵芝孢子粉对小鼠有改善睡眠的作用.     

GABA合成酶抑制剂盐酸氨基脲对褪黑激素催眠作用的影响

目的:观察GABA合成酶抑制剂盐酸氨基脲对褪黑激素催眠作用的影响.方法:采用小鼠协同戊巴比妥钠睡眠法和大鼠脑电图描记法测定盐酸氨基脲对睡眠和褪黑激素催眠作用的影响.结果:褪黑激素对小鼠和大鼠均具有明显的催眠作用.盐酸氨基脲单独使用对小鼠和大鼠的睡眠无影响,但能明显阻断褪黑激素对戊巴比妥钠引起的小鼠睡眠时间的延长,并且明显抑制褪黑激素引起的大鼠总睡眠时间,慢波睡眠时间,快波睡眠时间的增加和觉醒时间的减少.结论:盐酸氨基脲能明显拮抗褪黑激素的催眠作用,提示褪黑素的催眠作用由GABA能系统介导.     

L-苹果酸对褪黑素催眠作用的影响

目的考察γ 氨基丁酸合成酶抑制剂L 苹果酸对褪黑素催眠作用的影响。方法采用褪黑素协同戊巴比妥钠睡眠及脑电图描记方法。结果L 苹果酸 ( 6 0 0mg/kg)连续灌胃 5d具有明显抑制褪黑素延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间的作用。脑电图分析表明 ,L 苹果酸 ( 4 2 0mg/kg)还能明显抑制褪黑素引起的大鼠总睡眠时间和慢波睡眠时间的增加 ,及抑制褪黑素引起的觉醒时间的减少 ,但对睡眠潜伏期和快波睡眠时间无明显影响。结论首次发现褪黑素的催眠作用能被γ 氨基丁酸合成酶抑制剂L 苹果酸拮抗。褪黑素催眠作用的机制可能由GABA能神经系统介导     

氟桂利嗪对戊巴比妥钠睡眠的增强作用

目的探讨钙通道阻断剂氟桂利嗪对戊巴比妥钠催眠作用的影响及其可能的机制。方法采用翻正反射试验和大鼠脑电分析作为观察指标,分别考查对阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠入睡率以及睡眠时相的作用。结果氟桂利嗪不仅可以剂量依赖性地延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠(45mg·kg-1,ip)诱导的小鼠睡眠时间,而且还可以提高阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠(28mg·kg-1,ip)诱导的小鼠入睡率。左旋多巴(L-DOPA)可明显减少阈上戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间,而氟桂利嗪可逆转此作用。脑电分析结果表明,氟桂利嗪不仅可以增加大鼠睡眠时间,而且还可增加非快眼动睡眠(NREMs)和快眼动睡眠(REMs)时间,而在NREMs期,主要延长深睡眠(SWS)时间,对浅睡眠(Light)时间没有影响。氟桂利嗪对T型和L型钙通道均具有阻断作用,而L型钙通道激动剂〔(S)-(-)-BAYK8644〕对氟桂利嗪增强戊巴比妥钠催眠作用未显示其拮抗作用。结论氟桂利嗪可增强戊巴比妥钠的催眠作用,该作用主要是通过其T型钙通道阻断作用而实现的,其作用机制可能与多巴胺能神经系统相关。     

灵芝改善睡眠功能的研究

目的研究灵芝改善睡眠保健功能的效果。方法通过直接睡眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间、提高戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量实验和缩短巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验,观察灵芝提取物对睡眠的作用。结果经口给予小鼠不同剂量的灵芝提取物30 d,对照组及3个剂量组在给予灵芝提取物60 min内,均未发现有直接睡眠现象。与0 mL/kg体质量组比较,灵芝提取物在45.0 mL/kg体质量组能延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间(P<0.01)、提高戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量小鼠入睡发生率(P<0.05)、缩短巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期(P<0.05)。灵芝提取物对小鼠体质量增长无不良影响。结论灵芝提取物具有改善睡眠的保健功能。     

环孢菌素对麻醉药作用的影响

本文报道小鼠肌注单剂量环孢菌素对戊巴比妥引起的睡眠作用和芬太尼的镇痛作用的影晌.给小鼠肌注环孢菌素60mg/kg,2h后,腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠50mg/kg,测定小鼠翻正反射消失到恢复的时间,测得小鼠睡眠时间为70.4±4.2min(n=6),与给予相同剂量戊巴比妥钠对照组(睡眠时间为30.4±3.2min)相比较,其睡眠时间延长2.3倍.小鼠分组肌注     

西咪替丁对戊巴比妥睡眠时间的影响

腹腔内一次注射476μmol/kg西咪替丁,雌雄小鼠和大鼠的戊巴比妥睡眠时间分别延长102%、127%和43%、119%(P<0.01);等摩尔雷尼替丁对上述动物PST无明显影响。多次poCD476μmol/kg,雄性大鼠PST延长81%(P<0.01),相同条件下RD对PST亦无明显影响。并发现多次poCD后,其戊巴比妥血浓度与PST呈正相关。并初步探讨了CD延长PST的机理。     

坤泰胶囊对初老雌性小鼠的戊巴比妥钠睡眠增强作用及其机制研究

目的评价坤泰胶囊对初老雌性小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠作用的影响及其促睡眠机制。方法采用翻正反射试验考察坤泰胶囊0.8 g/kg对阈剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠入睡潜伏期和睡眠时间的影响;采用RT-PCR技术检测坤泰胶囊0.8 g/kg对盐诱导激酶3(Sik3)和G蛋白偶联雌激素受体(Gper1)基因m RNA在不同睡眠状态下表达情况的影响。结果坤泰胶囊0.8 g/kg可以显著延长阈剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠的睡眠时间(P<0.05),缩短睡眠潜伏期(P<0.05);坤泰胶囊0.8 g/kg可升高视前区内Sik3 mRNA在6 h急性睡眠剥夺后的表达(P<0.05)。坤泰胶囊0.8 g/kg可一致性地降低大脑视前区和腹侧纹状体以及卵巢内Gper1 mRNA的表达,坤泰胶囊夺眠组显著降低腹侧纹状体和卵巢的雌激素受体基因Gper1 mRNA的表达(P<0.05)。结论坤泰胶囊可增强初老雌性小鼠的戊巴比妥钠催眠作用,其睡眠改善功效可能是通过提高Sik3和降低Gper1的表达而发挥作用。     

褪黑素胶囊改善睡眠功能实验研究

目的 研究褪黑素胶囊对小鼠睡眠改善功能.方法 通过直接睡眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验,观察褪黑素胶囊对小鼠睡眠功能的影响.结果 褪黑素胶囊无直接睡眠作用,能显著延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间、协同戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠作用、对巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期无明显影响.结论 褪黑素胶囊具有改善睡眠的功效.     

Yokukansan Enhances Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep in Socially Isolated Mice: Possible Involvement of GABA(A) - Benzodiazepine Receptor Complex

In the present study, we investigated the effect of the Kampo medicine Yokukansan (YKS) on pentobarbital-induced sleep in group-housed and socially isolated mice. Socially isolated mice showed shorter sleeping time than the group-housed mice. YKS (300 mg/kg, p.o.) prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in socially isolated mice without affecting pentobarbital sleep in group-housed mice. The prolongation of sleeping time by YKS was reversed by bicuculline (3 mg/kg, i.p.) and flumazenil (3 mg/kg, i.p.), but not WAY100635. These findings suggest that the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor complex, but not 5-HT(1A) receptors, is involved in the reversal effect of YKS on the decrease of pentobarbital sleep by social isolation.     

Sedation produced by prostaglandins is not a nonspecific fatty acid effect

The fatty acid specifity of the depressant actions associated with prostaglandin (PG) administration was studied in mice. Administration of PG-E₂ (0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg) or PG-D₂ (0.4 and 4 mg/kg) significantly potentiated pentobarbital sleeping time. Arachidonic acid (3.3 mg/kg) administration also significantly potentiated pentobarbital sleeping time. Pretreatment with indomethacin (3 mg/kg) or ibuprofen (10 mg/kg) inhibited the potentiation of pentobarbital sleeping time produced by arachidonic acid. A nonspecific fatty acid (11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid), which cannot be incorporated into the PG synthetic scheme, did not potentiate pentobarbital sleeping time. These results imply that the depressant activity associated with PG administration is a specific PG-induced action rather than a general effect of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids.     

加锡果宁的抗惊厥作用

加锡果宁(edulinine)系从芸香科植物中分离出的一种生物碱。ip或ig加锡果宁对大鼠、小鼠最大电休克(MES)有明显的对抗作用,并能对抗谷氨酸钠、戊四唑和硫代氨基脲引起的惊厥,但对印防己毒素诱发的惊厥没有明显影响。小鼠利血干预处理后,加锡果宁抗MES的ED_(50)明显增加,表明加锡果宁具有较强的抗惊厥作用,其作用可能与中枢某些递质有关。     

滴滴涕和六六六对戊巴比妥体内转化的双相影响

滴滴涕和六六六对大鼠肝脏转化戊巴比妥的作用都是双相的,卽先抑制而后刺激;对小鼠的作用,六六六是双相的,滴滴涕则只有抑制相,连续多次给与滴滴涕和六六六的所以能缩短大鼠戊巴比妥睡眠时间,除刺激药物转化酶外,部分由于肝脏重量的增加。苯巴比妥能进一步缩短滴滴涕处理大鼠的戊巴比妥睡眠时间,而对六六六处理动物则无明显影响。六六六和滴滴涕都能使大鼠尿中的维生素C排泄增加。     

The effect of ofloxacin on pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice.

There have been several reports that insomnia occurs in some patients who receive ofloxacin. Since almost no experimental data on ofloxacin-induced insomnia were available, this study was conducted for the evaluation of ofloxacin effects on sleep parameters in mice. In Experiment 1, mice were pretreated with ofloxacin (20 or 40 mg/kg IP) or saline 15 minutes before sodium pentobarbital (35 mg/kg IP). Experiment 2 was carried out in two days. On the first day mice were treated twice, in the morning and in the evening, with ofloxacin (20 or 80 mg/kg IP) or saline. On the second morning, mice were pretreated with the same doses of ofloxacin or saline 15 minutes before sodium pentobarbital (35 mg/kg IP). Sleep latency and sleeping time were recorded in each experiment. Results showed that ofloxacin had no apparent effect on sleep latency, but caused a shortening in sleeping time. However, this effect was significant only in the 40 and 80 mg/kg ofloxacin-treated groups.     

加钖果宁的镇痛作用及其作用机制

野花椒系芸香科植物(Zanthoxylum simulans Hance),其根皮有止痛及局麻作用。其水溶性生物碱有肌松作用,曾用于外科手术作为中麻辅助用药。常志青从中分离到加钖果宁[(—)edulinine,简称加钖碱,下同],并发现有镇痛及中枢抑制作用。本文进一步证明其镇痛作用及其作用机制与阿片受体有关。     

A model for the rapid development of dispositional and functional tolerance to barbiturates

The s.c. implantation of a 75 mg pentobarbital pellet in the back of a conscious mouse resulted in a much more rapid development of tolerance to barbiturates than that produced in mice receiving daily i.p. injections of 75 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital. Acceleration in tolerance development by pentobarbital pellet implantation was evidenced by a decrease in sleeping time after the challenge with either sodium pentobarbital or sodium barbital. The degree of hepatic microsomal drug enzyme induction after pentobarbital pellet implantation also was found to be significantly higher than that produced by the injection technique. Further studies demonstrated that the threshold for pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures was significantly reduced compared to that of the sodium pentobarbital daily injected and control groups. These studies provide an animal model for studying the mechanism of barbiturate tolerance and dependence.     

龙脑和异龙脑对小鼠和家兔的药理作用

对龙脑、异龙脑进行了急性毒性、局部刺激性、耐缺氧、镇痛、延长戊巴比妥睡眠时间等试验。观察到龙脑的毒性较异龙脑小。龙脑、异龙脑有镇痛、延长戊巴比妥引起的睡眠时间的作用。异龙脑能显著延长耐缺氧时间,龙脑的这一作用则不显著。龙脑、异龙脑的局部刺激性均较小,粘膜用药时异龙脑的刺激性略大于龙脑,肌注时则相反。     

Analysis of the vagal reflex tracheal constriction in the dog

The effect of an acute or a successive administration of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide obtained from Escherichia coli, LPS) on the hepatic drug-metabolizing system in vivo and in vitro was examined in mice. An acute LPS (5 mg/kg, i.v.) administration or a successive LPS (5-20 mg/kg, i.p., a day for 6 days) administration prolonged the duration of pentobarbital sleeping time and reduced the rate of hepatic microsomal metabolism of pentobarbital, aminopyrine, aniline and cyclophosphamide and reduced cytochrome P-450 content as compared with those in the control mice. No change of these parameters, however, was observed by an acute treatment with LPS to the successively LPS-treated mice. In addition, the LD50's of aminopyrine and pentobarbital and the ED50 of aminopyrine were reduced by an acute administration of LPS in control mice. No change of both parameters, however, was observed in the successively LPS-treated mice with or without an acute administration of LPS.     

无糖型宁心安神糖浆对小鼠镇静催眠作用的研究

目的 研究无糖型宁心安神糖浆(SNAS)的镇静、催眠作用.方法 采用自主活动试验、戊巴比妥钠阈上催眠剂量试验、睡眠试验、戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量试验,每个试验均选择ICR小鼠60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组,安神补脑液组,蔗糖型宁心安神糖浆组,SNAS高、中、低剂量(100、50、25 mL/kg)组,观察SNAS对小鼠的镇静和催眠作用.结果 SNAS能明显减少小鼠的自主活动次数,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡数量,延长小鼠睡眠时间,缩短入睡潜伏期.结论 无糖型宁心安神糖浆具有明显的镇静、催眠作用.