社区及医院感染中常见细菌的耐药性分析

目的探讨社区和医院感染中细菌耐药谱的特点。方法药敏试验用KirbyBauer法,根据2003年美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)标准判定结果,应用WHONET-5软件对临床分离细菌的药敏结果进行数据分析。结果医院感染480株,常见细菌依次为:铜绿假单胞菌(19.37%),肺炎克雷伯菌(15.83%),大肠埃希菌(11.87%)。社区感染726株,常见细菌为:金黄色葡萄球菌(14.05%),大肠埃希菌(12.67%),凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(11.43%)。医院感染的金黄色葡萄球菌,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,铜绿假单胞菌,大肠埃希菌耐药率明显高于社区感染,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。而肺炎克雷伯菌和不动杆菌属差异无统计学意义。结论重视细菌耐药性监测,合理使用抗生素。     

某院重症监护病房患者血培养病原菌分布和耐药性

目的研究某院重症监护病房(ICU)患者血培养病原菌分布及常见细菌对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法回顾性分析2011-01/2013-12-31某院ICU患者血培养病原菌及药敏试验结果。结果非重复分离病原菌共计178株,革兰阳性菌为主(51.2%),革兰阴性菌次之(43.2%),真菌最少(5.6%)。前5位病原菌分别是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(30.9%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(14.0%)、大肠埃希菌(12.3%)、屎肠球菌(11.8%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(10.6%)。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶株分别为47.4%和41.2%;各种肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南仍高度敏感,但检出对碳青霉烯类耐药的菌株;耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占93.3%;耐万古霉素屎肠球菌6.2%;多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌为52.6%,广泛耐药占26.3%。结论某院ICU患者血培养病原菌主要是革兰阳性菌。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌等常见病原菌耐药严重,了解ICU病原菌分布和耐药趋势有助于经验性抗感染治疗。     

终末期肝病患者血流感染病原学特征

目的了解终末期肝病患者合并血流感染的病原学特点,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析2012年1月1日至2017年12月31日徐州医科大学附属医院终末期肝病合并血流感染患者的病原菌及药物敏感性试验结果。结果终末期肝病合并血流感染以社区获得性、继发性血流感染为主。预后不佳,治疗无效率达23.1%。病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主(91株,64.1%),主要包括大肠埃希菌(50株,35.2%)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌(20株,14.1%);多重耐药菌(MDR)占57.7%。ESBLs阳性菌多重耐药菌检出率明显高于ESBLs阴性菌(76.2%对39.3%)。革兰阳性菌(51株,35.9%)主要包括凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(18株,12.7%)金黄色葡萄球菌(16株,11.3%),MRS共16株(10.6%)。所有病原菌中共检出耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌(CRE)3株(2.11%)、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌6株(4.23%)。结论终末期肝病患者血流感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。常见病原菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌。MDR感染问题严重,CRE及MRSA需重视。     

1998年～2006年血流感染病原菌及其耐药性分析

目的了解血培养中病原菌的分布及其耐药性。方法以商用培养基及仪器培养血液标本;常规方法分离、鉴定细菌;抗菌药物敏感性试验采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)。结果1998年1月~2006年5月血培养分离菌1963株,其中革兰阳性菌1172株(59.7%),革兰阴性菌661株(33.7%),真菌130株(6.6%)。革兰阳性菌以葡萄球菌属为主,金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)比例分别为12.4%(145/1172)和64.5%(756/1172)。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的比例为12.4%(18/145)。MRSA和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)对红霉素、克林霉素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和复方新诺明的耐药率分别为88.9%,52.8%;88.9%,32.5%;68.8%,0%;61.5%,1.9%;55.5%,5%;38.9%,11.2%。未发现万古霉素和替考拉宁耐药的葡萄球菌和肠球菌。革兰阴性菌以肠杆菌科细菌为主(73.4%,485/661),其次为非发酵菌(23.8%,157/661)。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)流行率分别为37.3%(90/241)和50.7%(38/75),ESBLs阳性大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对多种抗菌药物耐药率均高于ESBLs阴性细菌。肠杆菌科细菌对碳青酶烯类高度敏感,铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为10.2%和17.9%。检出1株美罗培南耐药的不动杆菌。结论血培养分离菌菌种分布广泛,且耐药现象严重,加强感染检测有助于提高血流感染诊疗水平。     

3268份血培养中常见病原菌及耐药性分析

目的了解我院2006年7月～2007年6月血培养中分离出的菌种分布及耐药情况。方法用BacT／ALTER3D全自动血培养仪对血培养标本进行检测。阳性的标本用VITEKAMS60全自动微生物鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果3268份血培养标本，分离出病原菌344株，阳性率为10．5％。其中革兰阴性杆菌211株（61．3％），革兰阳性球菌99株（28．8％），真菌34株（9．9％）。革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌检出率最高，革兰阳性菌以凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高，真菌感染以白色念珠检出率最高。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）菌株分别占67．2％、61．1％，金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林菌株分别占66．7％、72．6％。结论血培养中分离出的菌种多、分布广泛，且产ESBLs、耐甲氧西林的菌株检出率相当高，耐药菌株多，因此通过对血培养分离菌的耐药监测，可以指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。     

全自动血培养仪分离菌株的分布及其耐药性

目的分析血液和其他体液标本中的细菌分布及耐药性,为临床用药提供依据。方法采用BACTEC 9050全自动血培养仪和VITEK 32系统或API系统对本院2006年2月~2009年2月采集的5 108份临床血液和204份体液标本进行细菌分离和鉴定,药敏试验按NCCLS纸片扩散法进行,数据分析用WHONET-5.3软件。结果血液细菌培养阳性率8.1%(414/5108),其他体液培养阳性率24.2%(49/204);共检出需氧菌463株,常见细菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)、大肠埃希菌和金黄葡萄球菌;血标本中大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)产生率高于非血标本(χ2均3.84,P均0.05),ESBLs阳性菌株对抗菌药物的耐药率高于ESBLs阴性菌株(χ2均4.23,P均0.05),肠球菌属细菌对抗菌药物的耐药率高于非血标本(χ2=7.28,P0.01),血标本金黄葡萄球菌对甲氧西林耐药(MRSA)率60.00%,对甲氧西林耐药的CNS产生率为67.7%。结论血和其他体液中可分离培养出多种细菌,临床上需及时掌握病人菌血症的菌株分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药现象和动态,合理选用抗菌药物。     

178株血培养检出菌及药敏结果分析

目的:观察血培养检出菌变迁的规律以及耐药性。方法:总结1998年至2007年间北京安贞医院血培养178株检出菌及药敏结果。结果:主要以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)为首;CNS和金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗生素耐药率达60%以上,目前尚未发现对万古霉素耐药菌株;在大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌及克雷伯杆菌中,目前尚未发现耐亚胺培南的菌株;但在非发酵菌中,有52.9%的菌株对亚胺培南耐药。结论:凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是血培养常见菌株;万古霉素是有效的抗葡萄球菌药物;对于大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌及克雷伯杆菌,亚胺培南仍是最有效的抗生素;真菌感染应值得关注。     

小儿肺炎97例痰培养及药物敏感试验分析

目的分析我院小儿肺炎的细菌构成及药敏情况。方法收集我院465例确诊为肺炎患儿的痰标本进行细菌培养及药敏分析。结果 465例痰标本中分离致病菌15种共97株,阳性率(20.86%)。其中G-杆菌占91.75%,而G+球菌仅占8.25%。位列前四位的细菌是:肺炎克雷伯菌40株(41.24%),大肠埃希菌26株(26.80%),阴沟肠杆菌10株(10.31%),金黄色葡萄球菌6株(6.19%)。大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌ESBLs检出率分别为65.39%、50.00%。肺炎克雷伯菌及大肠埃希菌对阿莫西林、哌拉西林全部耐药,对头孢类抗生素耐药率也相当高。对亚胺培南、美罗培南几乎全部敏感,对氨基甙类及喹诺酮类抗生素敏感率高,对哌拉西林+他唑巴坦、头孢西丁敏感率亦较高。结论本院小儿肺炎的致病菌以G-杆菌为主,大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌多重耐药现象严重。     

宾阳县妇女儿童医院新生儿败血症血培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的分析宾阳县妇女儿童医院新生儿败血症血培养病原菌分布及耐药情况,以指导临床合理使用抗生素。方法对宾阳县妇女儿童医院新生儿科2008-10～2011-10新生儿败血症血培养检出菌和药敏实验结果进行了回顾性分析。结果临床诊断败血症的血液标本中培养出病原菌41株,其中革兰阳性菌32株(78.0%),革兰阴性菌9株(22.0%),排在前五位的菌种分别为表皮葡萄球菌14株(34.1%)、人葡萄球菌5株(12.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌4株(9.8%)、肺炎克雷伯菌4株(9.8%)、大肠埃希菌3株(7.3%);葡萄球菌对青霉素耐药率高达100%。结论耐苯唑西林的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是该县新生儿败血症最常见的病原菌,对常用抗生素有不同程度的耐药,全面了解病原菌分布和耐药性,有利于提高新生儿科抗感染治疗的质量,对控制院内感染,延缓细菌耐药性发生有重要意义。     

252株血培养检出菌结果分析及抽血前经验应用抗生素临床探讨

目的分析9年间血培养检出菌构成的变化及常见细菌的耐药情况,并对抽血前经验应用抗生素情况进行回顾性分析。方法总结我院1999～2007年间外科术后血培养252株检出菌、药敏结果以及经验性应用抗生素情况。结果凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）居多;在金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌中,目前尚未发现对万古霉素耐药的菌株;在大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、克雷伯杆菌中,目前尚未发现耐亚胺培南的菌株;没有发现对氟康唑耐药的白色假丝酵母菌菌株。结论凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是血培养常见菌株,万古霉素是非常有效的抗葡萄球菌药物;对于大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、克雷伯杆菌,亚胺培南仍是最有效的抗生素;对于白色念珠菌菌株氟康唑仍是有效的药物。     

2006年1月～2007年12月败血症患者520例病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

目的 了解败血症病原菌分布及其耐药性的变化,指导临床合理用药.方法 应用全自动血培养仪对520例疑似败血症患者外周血标本进行培养,使用Vitek AMS系统对培养阳性者进行病原菌鉴定,采用K-B法进行体外药敏试验,并采用体外扩散确证法进行ESBLs检测.结果 520例外周血标本中检出107株(20.6%)病原菌,从中分离出革兰阴性菌56株(52.3%),革兰阳性菌40株(37.4%),真菌11株(10.3%).引起败血症的主要病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌(28株,26.2%)、葡萄球菌(25株,23.4%)、克雷伯菌(11株,10.3%);28株大肠埃希菌和11株克雷伯菌中分别确证ESBLs阳性菌13株和3株,检出率分别为46.4%和27.3%.ESBLs阳性菌株对多种抗生素耐药,其耐药率明显高于ESBLs阴性菌株.结论 革兰氏阴性菌是败血症的主要致病菌,大肠埃希菌是最常见的病原菌.导致败血症的病原菌常存在多重耐药性,产ESBLs是大肠埃希菌耐药的重要原因.应加强对病原菌ESBLs的监测,预防和控制耐药菌株的传播流行.     

原发性/转移性肝癌患者经肝动脉化疗栓塞术或消融术后发生肝脓肿的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)或消融术治疗原发性或转移性肝癌后发生肝脓肿的病原菌分布特点及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性分析2011年1月-2018年12月北京佑安医院收治的经TACE/消融治疗后发生肝脓肿的原发性肝癌或转移性肝癌患者的肝脓液、血液培养分离菌株及药敏试验结果。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。结果共纳入49例患者,其中TACE组15例,消融组34例。TACE组共检出35株病原菌(肝脓液25株,血液10株),革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌及真菌分别占54.3%、40%及5.7%;肝脓液培养分离病原菌(n=25)主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(n=5)、屎肠球菌(n=5),铜绿假单胞菌(n=3)等;血培养分离病原菌(n=10)主要为屎肠球菌(n=4)、大肠埃希菌(n=1)、枸橼酸杆菌(n=1)等。消融组共检出64株病原菌(肝脓液43株,血液21株),革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌及真菌分别占59.4%、39.1%及1.6%;肝脓液培养分离病原菌(n=43)主要为大肠埃希菌(n=10)、肺炎克雷伯菌(n=9)、屎肠球菌(n=4)等;血培养分离病原菌(n=21)主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(n=5)、大肠埃希菌(n=3)、粪肠球菌(n=3)等。药敏结果显示,肺炎克雷伯菌及大肠埃希菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株分别占26.3%(5/19)及43.8%(7/16),耐碳青霉烯类菌株分别占10.5%(2/19)及12.5%(2/16)。肺炎克雷伯菌对第三代头孢菌素、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦及碳青霉烯类药物耐药率≤10.5%;大肠埃希菌对所检测头孢菌素、喹诺酮类、青霉素类等药物耐药率为43.8%~62.5%,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、碳青霉烯类耐药率分别为18.8%、12.5%。屎肠球菌及粪肠球菌中万古霉素耐药菌株分别占13.3%(2/15)及0,利奈唑胺耐药菌株分别占13.3%(2/15)及28.6%(2/7),未检出替考拉宁耐药菌株。结论肝癌TACE/消融术后肝脓肿致病菌以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、屎肠球菌及粪肠球菌等为主,治疗时应根据相应药敏结果选择用药,减少耐药菌产生。     

大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中质粒AmpCβ内酰胺酶基因型的检测

目的了解产质粒介导的AmpC酶大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药性和基因型。方法收集2002年1月至2004年5月间呼吸科临床标本中分离的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌共110株，用酶提取物三维试验检测AmpC酶；用等电聚焦电泳、耐药质粒电转化试验、聚合酶链反应（PCR）及测序确定AmpC酶基因型。结果大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中AmpC酶检出率分别为9．30％（4／43），4．48％（3／67）。药敏试验结果显示产酶株对头孢西丁全部耐药，对第三代头孢菌素、酶抑制剂、氨曲南、阿米卡星及环丙沙星均有不同程度耐药，对头孢吡肟及亚胺培南较敏感。7株产AmpC酶菌株中有5株通过电转化试验可将头孢西丁耐药性传递给受体菌，经PCR扩增和测序证实为质粒介导DHA-1型AmpC酶。结论临床分离的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中已经出现产质粒介导AmpC酶菌株，其耐药性能够水平传播，给临床抗感染治疗带来重大威胁。     

Trend of antimicrobial drug-susceptibility of blood isolates at an oncological center (1998-2003)

OBJECTIVE: To describe the patterns of antimicrobial resistance organisms isolated in blood cultures from patients detected in a tertiary level of care, teaching oncological hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All strains obtained from blood cultures from 1998 to 2003 were included and processed using the Bactec and Microscan system to determinate isolates and susceptibility to antimicrobials.The percent difference (increase or decrease) was obtained by comparing the frequency of resistance at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS: A total of 2071 positive blood cultures were obtained; 59.7% of isolates were Gram negative bacteria, 35.7% Gram-positive bacteria and 4.6% were yeasts. E. coli was the most frequent isolated (18.6%), followed by. Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.7%) and Klebsiella spp (9%). Throughout the study the susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria was stable and over 88% for most of the antimicrobials tested (except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Ciprofloxacin susceptibility for Escherichia coli stayed around 50%. Susceptibility to amikacin was higher than that to gentamicin.Staphylococcus aureus susceptibility for oxacillin was 96% and that for vancomycin 100%. S. epidermidis susceptibility for oxacillin was 14% and for vancomycin was 98.6%. No strains of vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found. All Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were penicillin susceptible. CONCLUSIONS: The drug-resistance found in this hospital is the result of the control in the use of antimicrobials, the hospital nosocomial infection program and the use of drug combination in all patients with bacteremia.     

Drug-resistant bacteria isolated from pharyngeal swab cultures and urine in acutely or chronically febrile elderly nursing home inmates

AIM: Patients in nursing homes are becoming more and more elderly and also prone to infectious diseases. It is important to select proper antimicrobial agents in treating such patients because of the increase in drug-resistant bacteria in recent years. METHODS: Pathogenic aerobic bacteria were isolated from cultures of the pharyngeal swab obtained from patients with acute febrile episodes and those with chronic febrile conditions with a repetition of fever or continuing low-grade fever. Isolation of pathogens was also carried out in patients with a urinary tract infection that was resistant to treatment. Isolated bacteria were tested for sensitivity to commonly used antimicrobial agents. RESULTS: Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 33% of the patients with acute febrile episodes, while they were isolated from 75% of the patients with chronic febrile conditions. The number of major pathogenic bacteria from 85 isolates were methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 13, methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) 6, Streptococcus pneumoniae 8, beta-hemolytic streptococcus 5, Klebsiella pneumoniae 10, and Enterobacter cloacae 6. Only two isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were penicillin-sensitive (PSSP), while the others were penicillin-resistant (PRSP) (1) or penicillin-insensitive (PISP) (5). Among these 8 isolates, 5 were resistant to levofloxacin (LVFX). Escherichia coli was isolated from the pharyngeal swab of 2 patients, one of the 2 isolates being resistant to LVFX. Escherichia coli was isolated from 5 patients with urinary tract infection and 5 of the 6 isolates were resistant to LVFX; with one of them being extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). CONCLUSION: The frequency of isolation of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens was extremely high among elderly patients in our nursing home compared to values reported from a nation-wide survey recently carried out in Japan. In particular, attention should be focused on the resistance of bacteria to fluoroquinolones.     

520例小儿肺炎痰液病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨小儿肺炎痰液病原菌分布及耐药性分析。方法对住院的520例小儿肺炎痰液标本进行细菌学培养及药敏试验。结果 520例标本中共分离出致病菌268株,阳性率为51.5%,以革兰阴性菌为主,占68.3%(183株),革兰阳性菌占30.6%(82株)。革兰阴性菌中以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌为主,对氨苄西林耐药率高,对亚胺培南、美洛培南敏感。革兰阳性菌以肺炎链球菌、金黄也葡萄球菌为主,对青霉素、红霉素耐药率高,对万古霉素、利福平敏感。结论小儿肺炎以革兰阴性菌为主,应根据细菌学结果指导抗生素的选择,避免增加耐药性。     

Analysis of blood culture isolates from hospitalized neonates in Nepal

Clinically suspected 77 cases of neonatal septicemia admitted to the pediatric ward of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal, were evaluated by blood culture. The blood culture was positive for bacterial growth in 46 (59.7%) cases. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 33 (71.7%) cases, the most common being Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common gram-positive bacteria. The bacterial isolates were most sensitive to gentamicin (74.5%) and ciprofloxacin (74.5%) followed by chloramphenicol (59.9%). They were most resistant (78.8%) to ampicillin. This study for the first time underlines the pattern of bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern to antibiotics in this part of Nepal.     

住院期间老年泌尿系统感染患者的病原菌分布及其耐药性特征分析

目的 分析老年泌尿系统感染住院患者的病原菌分布特点和耐药情况,为老年性泌尿系统感染的诊疗提供参考依据.方法 选取2018年1月-2018年12月期间在复旦大学附属华东医院接受治疗、年龄≥60岁、且尿培养阳性的住院患者465例,对泌尿系统感染病原体的分布特点和耐药性进行分析.结果 465例中段尿培养阳性的老年住院患者共检...     

Gram-negative bacteria from patients seeking medical advice in Stockholm after the tsunami catastrophe

Microbiological cultures from 229 patients seeking medical advice in Stockholm after the tsunami catastrophe of December 2004 were analysed at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Gram-negative bacilli were the most common findings from wound cultures. Common human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Proteus species, Klebsiella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated. More rare species of Gram-negative bacilli, e.g. Myroides odoratus, Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Bergeyella zoohelcum were also isolated. Resistance towards ordinary antibiotics was more extensive compared to our Swedish reference material for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter spp., but not for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, probably reflecting that the resistant isolates were nosocomially acquired in Asia.     

Bacteria isolated from blood, stool and urine of typhoid patients in a developing country

Blood, stool and urine samples were collected from 100 patients diagnosed as having typhoid in 5 hospitals in Akwa Ibom State and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella species and other bacteria. Of the 100 blood samples screened, 55 (55%) were positive with the Widal test and 39 (39%) were positive on blood culture. Thirteen (14.1%) out of 92 urine samples were positive for bacterial growth, while 22 (26.8%) of the stool cultures were positive out of the 82 samples screened. Those within the age range 11-20 years old were infected most frequently (33%), followed by the age range 21-30 (19%) and 41-50 (18%) years old. Those in the age range of 0-2 years old (4%) were least infected. Female subjects were more infected than males. The commonest organisms isolated from the blood samples were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecalis, Salmonella paratyphi and Salmonella typhi. S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, K. aerogenes, S. faecalis, Proteus mirabilis and P. aeruginosa were isolated from urine, while those isolated from stool were S. aureus, E. coli, S. typhi, S. paratyphi, Shigella sp, K. pneumoniae, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae 01. The isolates were sensitive to peflacine, ceftazidine, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol. These antibiotics are recommended as the drugs of choice in therapy. The results suggest the existence of symptomless carriers of enteric fever bacilli in the state. This is worrisome, since some of the S. typhi isolates exhibited multiple resistance to commonly used antibiotics.