低温等离子射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症60例的临床观察

腰椎间盘突出症是骨科常见病,严重影响患者的生活质量。传统椎间盘突出手术创伤较大,可出现神经根损伤、硬膜囊损伤、脑脊液漏等并发症[1]。我科自2008-09-2011-12采用低温等离子射频俏融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症60例,取得良好的临床疗效,现报告如下。     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗高龄腰椎间盘突出症的初步观察

目的探讨低温等离子射频消融髓核成形术治疗高龄腰椎间盘突出症的可行性及临床疗效。方法 2011-02-2014-03共收治18例高龄腰椎间盘突出症患者,男10例,女8例;年龄70~88岁,平均77.1岁;所有患者3个月以上非手术治疗无效,行低温等离子射频消融髓核成形术。术后随访采用VAS评分和患者满意度评价手术疗效。结果全部患者随访4~41个月,平均21个月。VAS评分术前(7.89±0.52)分,术后1周(2.89±0.46)分,末次随访(4.28±1.39)分,术后1周及末次随访时与术前比较差异有显著性(P0.01),术后1周与末次随访差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。1例术后症状改善不明显,4例术后6个月症状复发,但较术前减轻,患者满意度72.2%。结论低温等离子射频消融髓核成形术是治疗高龄腰椎间盘突出症的可行手段,特别在无法行开放手术的患者不失为一种选择,可以减轻疼痛,提高生活质量,保持长期疗效的关键是掌握患者适应证。     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。方法自2003年11月至2004年12月，应用射频消融髓核成形术共治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者26例32个间盘，通过该方法降低间盘内压，使突出部分回缩，缓解压迫，达到了治疗的目的。结果随访6个月，术后患者VAS评分显著下降，SF36评分显著增高，无一例出现并发症。结论射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症操作简单、安全、损伤小、恢复快、并发症少，能迅速缓解症状，短期疗效显著，但长期疗效尚不肯定。     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果观察

目的探讨射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法将86例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为对照组和治疗组2组,每组43例,对照组行髓核摘除术,治疗组行射频消融核成形术,比较2组治疗效果。结果治疗组的总有效率(90.69%)高于对照组(72.09%),VAS评分、ODI评分均明显低于对照组,住院时间少于对照组,2组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果显著。     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的初步报告

目的 观察射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的技巧、效果和适应症.方法 对26例腰椎间盘突出症病人,30个椎间隙都采用脊旁经皮穿刺射频消融髓核成形术治疗,对其效果进行临床分析.结果 对26例病人经3～12个月随访,根据中华医学会骨科分会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评定标准,术后疗效优16例、良7例、可2例、差1例,优良率88.5%,有效率96.1%.无并发症发生.结论 射频消融髓核成形术操作简单易行,安全可靠,是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效脊柱微创手术.     

经皮等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的 报告等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 通过对我院104例腰椎间盘突出症患者采用经皮等离子消融髓核成形术治疗,进行疗效随访观察分析.本组病例按Yeung标准:中央型22例(21.1%),旁正中型71例(68.3%),椎间孔型3例(2.9%),椎间孔外侧型8例(7.7%).手术效果按照Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)和腰痛JOA评分标准评定,疗效按Macnab标准评定.结果 患者平均年龄47.8岁,平均随访时间6个月,平均手术时间53min,平均出血量1.5ml.按照Macnab标准评定,优47例(45.2%),良51例(49.1%),可4例(3.8%),差2例(1.9%),其有效率为94.3%,术中术后并发症为0,术后ODI、JOA与术前比较明显改善.结论 经皮等离子消融髓核成形术具有较高安全性及较好近期临床疗效,是目前微创治疗轻中度腰椎间盘突出症的一种较好的方法.     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗颈/腰椎间盘突出症的研究现状

20世纪90年代以来随着高能射频技术的发展,射频消融髓核成形术(radiofrequency ablation nucleoplasty)也先后被用于治疗腰椎间盘突出症和颈椎间盘突出症。笔者就射频消融髓核成形术治疗颈、腰椎间盘突出症的原理、基础及临床研究现状进行综述。     

等离子髓核低温消融叠加经皮髓核切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨应用等离子髓核低温消融叠加经皮髓核切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 2004年11月-2005年11月间,对60例腰椎间盘突出症患者行等离子髓核低温消融叠加经皮髓核切除术并作术后随访分析.结果 全部病例术后随访3-11月,优44例、良13例、可2例、差1例,优良率达到95%.结论 应用等离子髓核低温消融叠加经皮髓核切除术的优势互补技术是一种行之有效的微创治疗,相对应地拓宽了适应症,扩大了微创技术在腰椎间盘突出症治疗中的应用空间.     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的：探讨射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的手术技巧、疗效和适应证。方法：对86例腰椎间盘突出症患者采用经皮穿刺射频消融髓核成形术(nucleoplasty)治疗，并对其疗效进行观察分析。结果：86例患者经3～18个月随访，根据“中华医学会骨科分会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评定标准”，术后疗效优10例，良65例，可6例，差3例，优良率87．2％，有效率为96．5％。无相关并发症发生。结论：射频消融髓核成形术操作简单、安全，是治疗腰椎问盘突出症的有效微创手术。     

等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的护理

目的了解等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的术后并发症及护理要点。方法腰椎间盘突出症患者112例，随机分为治疗组及对照组各56例。治疗组采用等离子消融髓核成形术治疗，对照组采用经皮穿刺切割术治疗。结果两组并发症比较，经统计分析，两组穿刺后血肿、需髂骨钻孔例数比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）；两组穿刺神经损伤、马尾损伤、硬膜囊损伤、椎间盘感染比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症，具有创伤小、操作简单、并发症少等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

射频消融联合臭氧注射治疗颈椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的探讨射频消融结合臭氧注射治疗颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法对120例确诊颈椎间盘突出症的患者行射频消融结合臭氧注射治疗,根据治疗原理行在院护理,分析有效率及优良率。结果有效率达93.3%,优良率达80%。结论射频消融结合臭氧注射是治疗颈椎间盘突出症的一种有效疗法。     

CT引导下双极射频热凝联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的：探讨双极射频热凝联合盘内臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果及安全性。方法选择明确诊断为腰椎间盘突出症患者62例,在CT引导下行椎间盘双极射频热凝术联合盘内臭氧注射术治疗。采用改良Macnab方法评估术后7、14、30、180天的疗效,并记录术后不良反应。结果治疗后7、14、30、180天的疗效优良率分别为62.9%、85.4%、90.3%、93.5%。均较治疗前明显改善;远期疗效满意;治疗过程中未出现严重不良反应。结论双极射频热凝联合盘内臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有微创、安全、疗效好的优点,是可供选择的微创介入方法。     

前列腺素E2在突出腰椎间盘中的表达及其与坐骨神经痛的关系

目的探讨前列腺素(PG)E2在突出腰椎间盘组织中的表达及其在坐骨神经痛发病机制中的作用。方法 42个突出椎间盘标本取自42例腰椎间盘突出并有坐骨神经放射性疼痛症状的手术治疗患者,其中膨隆型12例,破裂型15例,游离型15例,取材部位为紧贴神经根突入椎管的椎间盘组织(A部位)和椎间隙内残存的椎间盘组织(B部位)。术前采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)对所有患者坐骨神经痛严重程度进行评分。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测PGE2含量。结果 A部位PGE2含量自膨隆型、破裂型至游离型逐渐升高,差异有显著性(P<0.01);A部位PGE2含量高于B部位(P<0.01);PGE2含量与患者坐骨神经痛VAS评分存在明显相关性(r=0.848,P<0.01)。结论 PGE2参与了腰椎间盘退变、突出的发病机制,PGE2含量与坐骨神经痛程度呈正相关性。     

The characteristics of spinopelvic sagittal alignment in patients with lumbar disc degenerative diseases

Purpose

A comparative study of the spinopelvic sagittal alignment in patients with lumbar disc degeneration or herniation (LDD/LDH) in normal population was designed to analyse the role of sagittal anatomical parameter (pelvic incidence, PI) and positional parameters in the pathogenesis and development of the disease. Several comparative studies of these patients with asymptomatic controls have been done. However, in previous studies without lumbar MRI, a certain number of asymptomatic LDD patients should have been included in the control group and then impacted on the results.

Methods

Based on MRI findings, we divided 60 LDD or LDH patients and 110 asymptomatic volunteers into the normal group (NG) and the degeneration group (DG), which was further subdivided into the symptomatic (SDG) and asymptomatic (ADG) subgroups according to patients’ symptoms. Standing full spine radiographs were used to measure sagittal parameters, including PI, sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and sacrum-bicoxofemoral distance (SFD).

Results

The PI, SS and LL in DG were significantly lower than NG, while the SVA and SFD were significantly greater (P < 0.05). PI correlated well with the SS and LL in all subjects. However, the trend lines of SS or LL over PI were downward in DG. PI was similar in SDG and ADG (P = 0.716) but SS and LL were significantly lower and SVA was significantly greater (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

PI may play a predisposing role in the pathogenesis of lumbar disc degenerative diseases. The secondary structural and compensatory factors would lead to a straighter spine after disc degenerative change.     

Migration patterns of herniated disc fragments: a study on 1,020 patients with extruded lumbar disc herniation

Background contextHerniated disc fragments are known to migrate in various directions within the spinal canal. To date, no comprehensive studies have been undertaken to examine the migration patterns of herniated disc material using a standard nomenclature and classification system.PurposeTo report migration patterns of extruded lumbar disc fragments.Study designA review of magnetic resonance (MR) images.Patient sampleA total of 1,020 consecutive Azeri patients with symptomatic extruded lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.Outcome measuresMigration patterns of extruded lumbar disc fragments in vertical and horizontal planes and their association with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and the level of herniation.MethodsHigh-quality axial and sagittal MR images of the lumbar spine were used. Disc material that was displaced away from the site of extrusion, regardless of continuity, was considered “migrated.” The migration patterns observed were rostral or caudal in the vertical plane and central, paracentral, subarticular, foraminal, or extraforaminal in the horizontal plane.ResultsIn the vertical plane, rostral and caudal migrations were observed in 27.8% and 72.2% of the patients, respectively. The number of rostral migrations increased significantly with increasing age and in higher levels in the lumbar spine (p<.001 for both). Radiculopathy was significantly more frequent in caudal migrations than in rostral migrations (78.9% vs. 65.1%, p<.001). There was no significant association between gender or BMI and migration patterns in the vertical plane. In the horizontal plane, central, paracentral, subarticular, foraminal, and extraforaminal migrations were reported in 17.3%, 74.2%, 4.3%, 2.5%, and 1.8% of the patients, respectively. The youngest (median age 39 years, interquartile range [IQR] 13 years) and the oldest (median age 55 years, IQR 15 years) groups of patients (p<.001) had the most formainal and extraforaminal migrations, respectively. Radiculopathy was present in 66.5%, 76.8%, 88.6%, 96%, and 27.8% of the patients with central, paracentral, subarticular, foraminal, and extraforaminal migrations, respectively (p<.001). No significant association was found between gender, BMI, or the level of herniation and migration pattern in the horizontal plane.ConclusionsCaudal and paracentral migrations are the most common patterns of migration in patients with extruded lumbar disc herniation in the vertical and horizontal planes, respectively. Age and the level of herniation may affect the migration patterns of herniated lumbar disc material.     

Microsurgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation: Follow-up of 237 patients

Summary We have reviewed retrospectively the results of 237 consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical discectomy for a virgin lumbar disc herniation. Included were 128 (54%) men and 109 (46%) women, with the mean age of 42 years. Intra-operatively, protrusion was found in 60 (25%) patients, prolapse in 127 (54%) patients and sequestration in 50 (21%) patients. The median post-operative follow-up time was 2 years.During the observation period, sciatic pain had completely recovered or markedly diminished in 218 (92%) patients, and 187 (79%) patients had returned to work. The mean duration of preoperative sciatica was 3.8 months in those patients who finally returned to work. In contrast, it was as long as 6.3 months in those patients who lost their working capacity as a consequence of low back pain. The patients operated on for a prolapse or a sequestrum recovered better than those who underwent surgery for a protrusion. Of the patients operated on for a protrusion, 68% returned to work, while 76% of those operated on for a sequestrum and 85% of those operated on for a prolapse returned to work during the follow-up. Difference was seen also in the occupational outcome: only 37% of the patients operated on for a protrusion reported to manage their work well, while 47% of those with a prolapse and 58% of those with a sequestrum managed well. Surgical complications were in-frequent in this study. Dural tear appeared in 10 (4%) patients and post-operative discitis in 4 (1.7%) patients. Of all patients, 9 (4%) required re-operation for a true recurrent disc.