阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的探讨阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合拉米夫定（LAM）治疗LAM耐药慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择LAM耐药的HBeAg阳性CHB患者102例随机分为3组,ADV＋LAM组（A组）38例,给予ADV10mg/d联合LAM100 mg/d口服;ADV组（B组）42例,ADV10mg/d口服;LAM组（C组）22例,LAM 100mg/d口服,分别于完成24、48和72周治疗时,观察血清HBV DNA水平、HBV血清学标志、肝功能及不良反应。结果治疗24、48、72周A、B组HBV DNA水平较C组均显著下降（P〈0.01）,HBV DNA阴转率较C组显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,治疗24、48、72周A组和72周B组ALT复常率较C组均显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;治疗48、72周A组HBV DNA水平较B组显著下降（P〈0.05）,治疗72周HBV DNA阴转率和ALT复常率较B组显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。三组血清HBeAg阴转率及血清转换率间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。治疗期间A组新的耐药变异率低于C组（P〈0.05）,均未发现与药物相关的严重不良反应。结论ADV联合LAM治疗LAM耐药CHB患者具有显著的抗病毒和临床疗效,且安全性良好。     

拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎患者改用或加用阿德福韦酯治疗48周疗效比较

目的观察拉米夫定(LAM)与阿德福韦酯(ADV)联合应用和单用ADV治疗LAM耐药HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效及安全性。方法收集2006年1月至2011年12月在本院就诊的LAM耐药HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者40例,单药组与联合组各20例,分别以ADV与LAM联合或单用ADV进行治疗。观察治疗24周、48周时的血清HBV DNA水平及转阴率、HBeAg转阴率、ALT复常率以及治疗过程中药物的不良反应和耐药性。组间比较计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用卡方检验。结果两组患者在性别、年龄、治疗前的HBV DNA及ALT水平上差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗结束时联合组的血清HBV DNA转阴率和ALT复常率分别为90%及95%,而单药组的血清HBV DNA转阴率和ALT复常率分别为60%及65%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗结束时联合组血清HBeAg转阴率为45%,单药组为35%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.417,P=0.519)。结论 ADV联合LAM或ADV单药治疗LAM耐药HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者均有较好的临床疗效,但ADV与LAM联合治疗可提高HBV DNA转阴率及ALT复常率,其安全性良好,值得借鉴。     

阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎59例临床观察

目的 探讨阿德福韦酯(ADV)联合拉米夫定(LAM)治疗LAM耐药慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者的临床疗效.方法 选择LAM耐药的HBeAg阳性的CHB患者114例,随机分成两组:ADV +LAM(A组)59例,予ADV10mg/d联合LAM 100 mg/d口服;ADV组(B组)55例,予ADV 10 mg/d 口服.分别观察完成24、48、96和144周治疗时血清肝功能,HBV DNA水平,HBV血清学标志及不良反应.结果 治疗96、144周A组ALT复常率较B组显著升高(P＜0.05);治疗96、144周A组HBV DNA水平较B组显著下降(P＜0.05);治疗96、144周A组HBV DNA转阴率较B组显著升高(P＜0.05);治疗96、144周A组新的耐药变异率显著低于B组(P＜0.05);治疗96、144周A组HBeAg转阴率显著高于B组(P＜0.05).两组均未发现与药物相关的不良反应.结论 ADV联合LAM治疗LAM耐药CHB患者有显著的抗病毒效果,能有效减少HBV耐药变异的发生,安全性良好.     

阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

目的 观察阿德福韦酯（ADV）治疗拉米夫定（LAM）耐药的慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法 随机将81例拉米夫定耐药的HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者分为ADV治疗组41例,以ADV联合LAM治疗12周,停用LAM再继续应用ADV治疗36周和LAM治疗组40例,继续应用LAM。结果 ADV治疗组患者在治疗24周和48周时HBV DNA水平下降明显优于LAM组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;ADV组治疗24周和48周时,血清HBeAg阴转率分别为31．7％和34．1％,血清HBeAg／抗-HBe转换率为24．4％和22．0％,丙氨酸氨基转移酶复常率为56．1％和68．3％,均显著优于LAM组（P〈0．05）。治疗中无不良反应发生。结论 ADV能有效安全地治疗LAM耐药性慢性乙型肝炎患者。     

阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药的 HBeAg 阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者临床疗效观察

目的：探讨阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合拉米夫定（LAM）治疗 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法将100例确诊为 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性 CHB 患者随机分为单药治疗组（ADV）和联合治疗组（ADV 联合 LAM）,每组50例,观察治疗12个月;在治疗的3、6、9和12 m 末,观察比较两组患者 ALT 复常率、血清 HBV DNA 载量、HBeAg 血清学转换和不良反应情况。结果在治疗3、6、9和12 m 末,两组患者 HBV DNA 载量均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）,而联合治疗患者在6、9和12 m 末 HBV DNA 载量较 ADV单药治疗患者下降更加明显[分别为（3.94±1.16）、（3.37±1.19）和（3.14±1.18） lg copies/ml 对（4.51±1.37）、（4.07±1.14）和（3.85±1.16）lg copies/ml,P＜0.05];在治疗6、9和12 m 末,联合治疗患者 HBV DNA 转阴率分别为56.0%、64.0%和76.0%,显著高于 ADV 单药治疗患者（分别为32.0%、44.0%和56.0%,P＜0.05）;在治疗6、9和12 m 末,联合治疗患者 ALT 复常率分别为72.0%、80.0%和92.0%,显著高于单药治疗患者（52.0%、60.0%和76.0%,P＜0.05）;两组患者血清 HBeAg 阴转率及 HBeAg 血清学转换率无差异,治疗期间均未出现严重的不良反应。结论 ADV 联合LAM 治疗 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性 CHB 患者临床疗效和安全性好。     

拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗YMDD变异HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎效果观察

目的观察阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合拉米夫定（LAM）治疗酪氨酸-蛋氨酸-天门冬氨酸-天门冬氨酸（YMDD）变异HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎（慢乙肝）的疗效及安全性。方法将YMDD变异HBeAg阳性的慢乙肝患者42例随机分为观察组及对照组各21例,观察组予LAM联合ADV口服,连续治疗1a;对照组方法同上,但于4～8周后停服ALM。两组均于治疗后3、6、12个月检测ALT复常率、HBV DNA转阴率、HBeAg转阴率,观察有无ADV耐药及不良反应。结果治疗后3、6个月时观察组HBV DNA转阴率、ALT复常率高于对照组（P〈0．05）;对照组2例治疗过程中出现病毒学反弹及生化学突破,观察组未出现ADV耐药;两组均未发现与药物相关的不良反应。结论初期ADV与LAM联合治疗YMDD变异HBeAg阳性慢乙肝效果优于ADV单药治疗,安全性高。     

阿德福韦酯初治与挽救治疗拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎观察

目的观察阿德福韦酯初治与拉米夫定治疗耐药后联合阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效。方法将45例入选患者分为两组,其中A组为拉米夫定治疗耐药后加用阿德福韦酯治疗组,B组为阿德福韦酯初治组。治疗前及治疗后12、24、36、48周均检测肝功能、肾功能、HBV DNA载量。结果在治疗12、24周时,A组患者的HBV DNA低于检测下限的比率明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义;治疗48周时,两组HBV DNA载量变化、低于检测下限的比率、ALT复常率的差异均无统计学意义。在治疗期间两组患者的肾功能均正常,均未发现不良反应。结论阿德福韦酯初治与联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药后慢性乙型肝炎患者同样有效,值得继续探索。     

阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效和耐药率

在拉米夫定(LAM)长期治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)中,耐药发生率随时间延长而增加,患者常因耐药毒株的出现,导致乙型肝炎复发和恶化.阿德福韦酯(ADV)能有效抑制LAM耐药变异株,减缓LAM耐药患者的乙型肝炎进程[1].本文通过观察ADV单药初治和LAM耐药后改用联合ADV或单用ADV治疗患者的HBV DNA、AL,T、HBeAg、抗-HBe的血清转换率,评价ADV单药治疗的效果,同时检测HBV核酸序列的变化,分析ADV耐药相关性变异和耐药率.     

拉米夫定联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎60例分析

目的评价拉米夫定联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效.方法60例门诊慢性乙肝病人按就诊顺序随机分为联合治疗组(A组)和单用拉米夫定组(A组),每组30例.治疗结束后比较两组病人的ALT复常率、HBV DNA阴转率、HBV血清标志物的变化和综合疗效.结果治疗结束时两组的ALT复常率、HBV DNA阴转率均无显著差异(P＞0.05),联合治疗组的HBeAg血清转换率和完全应答率均显著高于单用LAM组(P<0.05).结论拉米夫定联合苦参素较单用拉米夫定可明显提高慢性乙型肝炎病人的抗病毒疗效.     

阿德福韦酯对拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效观察

目的观察阿德福韦酯（ADV）治疗拉米夫定（LAM）耐药的慢性乙型肝炎的疗效及ADV的耐药情况。方法152例拉米夫定耐药（也称YMDD变异）的慢性乙型肝炎患者分为治疗1组和治疗2组各76例。治疗1组停用LAM,单用ADV10mg/d口服。治疗2组继续服用LAM100mg/d,加用ADV10mg/d联合服用。通过测定HBVDNA、ALT、HBeAg水平,比较治疗12周、24周、48周、96周时的HBVDNA转阴（应答）率、ALT复常率及HBeAg阴转率。结果治疗12周时2组的HBVDNA阴转率、ALT复常均明显高于1组（P〈0.05）。24周时、48周时两组大部分HBVDNA能阴转,ALT能复常;两组无统计学差别（P〉0.05）;96周时1组有12例出现HBVDNA又转阳性,ALT异常,即出现了ADV耐药。2组疗效稳定,没出现ADV耐药。96周时两组HBeAg阴转率无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论ADV与LAM联合治疗LAM耐药的慢性乙型肝炎比单用ADV治疗能更早显效,且能降低ADV耐药的发生。     

Clinical experience with lamivudine

Lamivudine, an oral nucleoside analogue, has demonstrated efficacy against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B. Treatment with lamivudine is safe and well tolerated and induces a virological and biochemical response in most patients within a short time. Significant histological improvement was seen in clinical trials after 52 weeks of lamivudine treatment. However, durable posttreatment remission of chronic hepatitis B has not been shown to occur in a significant number of lamivudine-treated patients. To maintain the response to treatment, therefore, long-term therapy is required. Prolongation of therapy, however, is associated with the emergence of HBV resistance to lamivudine in most patients. This is accompanied by virological rebound and reversal of the initial therapeutic response, and sometimes by exacerbation of hepatitis. The need remains for effective, safe, and tolerable oral agents with durable activity against HBV.     

Treatment of chronic delta hepatitis with lamivudine vs lamivudine + interferon vs interferon

Summary.  Chronic delta hepatitis is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis for which interferon (IFN) is the only available treatment. In 39 patients (25 were treatment-naïve, 14 had previously used IFN), efficacy of 1-year treatment with IFN (9 MU, t.i.w.) or lamivudine (LAM; 100 mg, q.d.) alone was compared with IFN and LAM combination (2 months of LAM to be followed by combination treatment). IFN monotherapy was given only to treatment-naïve patients. In both treatment-naïve and previous IFN users, end of treatment virological and biochemical responses were similar with IFN–LAM combination and superior to LAM monotherapy ( P  < 0.05). Improvement in liver histology occurred more often with IFN ± LAM than with LAM alone ( P  < 0.05). In treatment-naïve patients, combination treatment was not superior to IFN monotherapy. After treatment discontinuation, virological and biochemical response rates decreased in LAM and IFN combination and IFN monotherapy. On treatment virological response at month 6 of treatment predicted sustained virological response. The results of this study suggest that addition of LAM to IFN for the treatment of delta hepatitis is of no additional value and that both treatment modalities are superior to LAM monotherapy.     

Antiviral efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil versus lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B sequentially treated with lamivudine and adefovir due to lamivudine resistance

AIM： To compare the antiviral efficacy of adefovir （ADV） in lamivudine （LMV）-resistant patients with LMV treatment in nucleoside-naive patients, using serum samples collected sequentially during the course of treatment progressing from LMV to ADV.
METHODS： Forty-four patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB） were included. The patients were initially treated with LMV and then switched to ADV when LMV resistance developed. Antiviral efficacy was assessed by measuring the following： reduction in serum HBV DNA from baseline, HBV DNA negative conversion （defined as HBV DNA being undectable by the hybridization assay）, and HBV DNA response （either HBV DNA level ≤ 10^s copies/mL or a ≥ 2 log10 reduction from baseline HBV DNA level）.
RESULTS： After two and six months of treatment, HBV DNA reduction was greater with LMV compared to ADV treatment （P = 0.021）. HBV DNA negative conversion rates were 64% and 27% after one month of LMV and ADV treatment respectively （P = 0.001）. Similarly, HBV DNA response rates were 74% and 51% after two months of LMV and ADV treatment respectively （P = 0.026）. The time taken to HBV DNA negative conversion and to HBV DNA response were both delayed in ADV treatment compared with LMV.
CONCLUSION： The antiviral efficacy of ADV in LMV-resistant patients is slower and less potent than that with LMV in nucleoside-naive patients during the early course of treatment.     

Extended treatment with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine resistance

Purpose

We and others have reported that adding adefovir dipivoxil (adefovir) to lamivudine results in virological and biochemical improvement in cases of lamivudine resistance. The current study assessed the efficacy and safety of combined therapy after 104 weeks of combined treatment and analyzed the frequency of persistent lamivudine resistant HBV.

Methods

A total of 78 patients with compensated CHB (Group A) were maintained on either adefovir 10 mg daily (n = 38) or placebo (n = 40) while continuing lamivudine. An additional 38 patients with decompensated cirrhosis or post liver transplantation (Group B) received lamivudine plus adefovir. The primary endpoint was HBV DNA response at year 2.

Results

At week 104 of therapy, a significantly greater proportion of patients in Group A on combination therapy (76%) had a decline in serum HBV DNA to ≤10⁵ copies or >2 log₁₀ reduction from baseline compared to those receiving lamivudine alone (13%; p < 0.001). Fifty-two percent of Group A patients on combination treatment continued to have the M204V/I HBV mutation compared to 92% receiving lamivudine alone (p = 0.0013). Virologic response occurred less frequently in patients expressing persistent lamivudine resistant HBV. In Group B, 87% of patients had HBV DNA response at week 104 (median change from baseline of −5.84 log₁₀ copies/mL).

Conclusions

The combination of lamivudine and adefovir for 2 years generally proved effective in lamivudine-resistant cases, but there was a persistently high rate of detection of lamivudine resistant mutants and impaired virologic response in compensated patients.     

泛昔洛书加拉米夫定联合治疗的HBV清除动力学比较

目的 比较单用拉米大定和泛昔洛韦加拉米在定联合治疗对ＨＢＶ清除动力学的影响。方法 ２１例ＨＢｃＡｇ阳性慢性乙型肝炎分二组分别接爱核苷类似物治疗,９例单用拉米大定１５０ｍｇ,每日一次,共１２周,１２例洛昔韦加拉米与夫定联合治疗,其中拉米夫定１５０ｍｇ,每日一次,稼昔洛韦５００ｍｇ,每日三次,共１２周,每一病例均有治疗前中后系列血清标本检测ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ。按照蒋氏数学模型分析二种治疗方案对ＨＢＶ动力学     

A prospective study of the evolution of lamivudine resistance mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine

Summary. Lamivudine resistance has been described in subjects with chronic hepatitis B infections, associated with mutations in the viral polymerase gene. The objective of this study was to estimate the emergence rate of lamivudine‐resistant viral strains and their consequences over a 2‐year period. We evaluated 283 lamivudine‐naïve subjects with chronic hepatitis B. Clinical and virological features were assessed at inclusion and every 6 months thereafter. Viral DNA was characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based sequencing. Potential risk factors for the emergence of lamivudine resistance mutations were assessed using logistic regression analysis. The annualized incidence rate for viral polymerase mutations was 22%. The only independent risk factor identified was high viral load, at inclusion. Detectable viral DNA and elevated transaminases were more frequent in subjects harbouring mutant viral strains, and these underwent a lower rate of hepatitis B e seroconversion. All subjects responded favourably to treatment, with no difference in symptoms between the two groups. This prospective cohort study identified lamivudine‐resistant mutations emerging in 22% of subjects, yearly, which were apparently not associated with clinical aggravation over the study period.     

阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎的临床观察

目的 观察阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎临床疗效.方法 首先在充分告知符合研究对象的患者(80例)病情后根据患者的意愿选择分为:(1)对照组(单药治疗组,n=38例),在拉米夫定应用基础上重叠阿德福韦酯治疗12周后,停用拉米夫定,单独使用阿德福韦酯治疗132周;(2)观察组(联合治疗组,n=42例),出现拉米夫定耐药后联合应用阿德福韦酯144周.每3个月检测患者的HBV-DNA、HBV-M、肝功能、肾功能及血常规等.结果 144周疗程结束后联合治疗组患者HBV-DNA转阴率明显优于对照组,疗效差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),HbeAg在两组间未见明显差异(P>0.05),联合治疗组治疗后肝功能复常率较单药治疗组高(P<0.05).结论 阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎有较好的疗效.     

阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者48周疗效观察

目的 观察阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合拉米夫定（LAM）治疗LAM耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床疗效。方法 2011年1月～2013年6月我科诊治的对LAM耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者85例,43例接受ADV组治疗,42例接受ADV联合LAM治疗,观察治疗48 w时的疗效。结果 在治疗24 w和48 w时,联合治疗组患者肝功能指标改善情况优于阿德福韦治疗组（P<0.05）;在治疗24 w和48 w时,联合治疗组患者血清HBV DNA阴转率分别为54.7%（23/42）和92.8%（39/42）,显著高于阿德福韦治疗组[分别为37.2%（16/43）和67.4%（29/43）,P<0.05];在治疗48 w时,联合治疗组血清HBeAg阴转率为24.1%（7/29）,显著高于阿德福韦组的[3.2%（1/31）,P<0.05]。结论 ADV联合LAM治疗LAM耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者有较好的临床疗效。