辛芩冲剂治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效和安全性分析

目的：探讨辛芩冲剂对变压性鼻炎的疗效和安全性。方法：确诊为变应性鼻炎的患者142例随机分成两组，试验组（112例）接受辛芩冲剂口服，一次5g，一日3次；对照组（30例）接受千柏鼻炎片口服，一次3片，一日3次，二种药物均用药20天。观察的症状包括喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞和鼻痒，并进行4分法评分，计算出治疗后积分改善率。结果：经过20天的治疗，辛芩冲剂治疗组的临床控制率为27．67％（31／112），显效率为43．75％（49／112），有效率为17．86％（20／112），无效率为10．71％（12／112），总有效率为89．29％（100／112）；千柏鼻炎片治疗组的临床控制率为0％（0／30），显效率为6．67％（2／30），有效率为20．00％（6／30），无效率为73．33％（22／30），总有效率为26．67％（8／30）。经统计学处理两者差异有显著性意义（P＜0．01），辛芩冲剂治疗组明显优于千柏鼻炎片治疗组，辛芩冲剂和千柏鼻炎片治疗组的病人均未发生不良反应。结论：辛芩冲具有疗效好、无毒副作用等优点，是治疗变应性鼻炎的理想药物。     

鼻炎冲剂对变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜的影响

观察鼻炎冲剂对应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜的影响,证实对ＡＲ的治疗,方法：选用健康豚鼠２９只,随机分成剂组,阳性对照组,阴性对照组和空白对照组,冲剂组采用鼻炎冲剂治疗。结果冲剂组鼻痒,喷嚏计分明显低于其他组。结论鼻炎冲剂可以改善ＡＲ患者鼻粘膜的炎症变状态,从组织学证明其对ＡＲ具有明显的治疗作用。     

P物质能神经阻滞剂治疗变应性鼻炎的实验研究

对实验性变应性鼻炎动物模型进行Ｐ物质能神经阻滞剂治疗。在整个治疗过程中观察记录鼻分泌量、喷嚏反射、鼻部抓痒等症状，并与对照组进行量化指标比较。对治疗组、末治疗组和正常对照组分别用特异性Ｐ物质放射免疫测定法，检测了鼻粘膜中的Ｐ物质含量，用滤纸法观察了鼻分泌功能状态实验组予Ｐ物质能神经阻滞剂滴鼻，治疗结果表明，变应性鼻炎的症状明显缓解，鼻分泌量较治疗前减少了６４％，鼻粘膜中ＳＰ含量与末治疗组相比明显减     

辛芩颗粒联合丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷剂治疗变应性鼻炎的临床观察

目的 观察联合应用辛芩颗粒和丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷剂治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效和安全性,探讨中西医结合治疗的临床价值.方法 将门诊确诊为变应性鼻炎的120例患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组60例采用辛芩颗粒口服以及丙酸氟替卡松喷鼻进行治疗;对照组60例单独使用丙酸氟替卡松喷鼻治疗,疗程均为一个月.结果 治疗组和对照组患者治疗一个月结束时,总有效率分别为86.7％和70.0％ (P＜0.05);治疗结束一个月后进行随访观察,总有效率分别为75.0％和53.3％(P＜0.05),差异均有统计学意义.两组患者在治疗期间及随访过程中均未发生全身和局部不良反应,且患者的耐受性良好.结论 中西医结合治疗变应性鼻炎在临床上取得良好的效果和安全性,而且停药后可使疗效得以巩固,延缓症状复发,是较理想的药物治疗方法.     

卫气虚与变应性鼻炎相关性的初步实验研究

本实验采用制作卫气虚模型和卫气虚变态反应性鼻炎证病复合模型的方法．并采用具有益卫固表作用的“加味苍耳子丸”进行治疗．试图探寻卫气虚体质与变态反应性鼻炎发病的内在联系。在实验中．分别采用健康豚鼠和卫气虚豚鼠(用高温发汗加风寒刺激方法造模．从行为外观，壳温与核温变化、耗氧量变化三方面观察)．以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)作致敏原．对豚鼠行鼻内给药法建立了实验性变应性鼻炎动物模型，观察其鼻部症状、鼻粘膜表面细胞学变化．结果发现两组动物均有典型的鼻超敏反应出现．鼻粘膜出现大量噬酸性细胞及肥大细胞，而且气虚动物上述情况的出现较健康动物显著提前，显示卫气虚动物更易于造成变应性鼻炎模型，并用加味苍耳子丸对卫气虚变应性鼻炎模型进行治疗．一个疗程后分别对两组动物进行鼻粘膜激发试验．发现治疗组鼻部症状较对照组轻．血EOS计数两组有显著差异，显示加味苍耳子丸对卫气虚变应性鼻炎模型有一定治疗效应。建立卫气虚变应性鼻炎证病复合模型．从症状表现及免疫学角度探讨卫气虚与变应性鼻炎发病之同的相关性．一方面把变应性鼻炎动物模型纳入中医基础研究，另方面为中医进一步研究变应性鼻炎，为中医药治疗变应性鼻炎的药理学、药效学打下基础。可以说．本研究在思路和方法上均有一定创新性．     

免疫疗法合并鼻炎冲剂治疗常所性变应性鼻炎疗…

常年性变应性鼻炎９０例分单纯中药组（鼻炎冲剂），单纯免疫疗法组和中西医结合（鼻炎冲剂结合免疫疗法）进行治疗，治疗前及治疗４月时测定血清ＩｇＥ，ＩｇＧ血浆ｃＡＭＰ，ｃＧＭＰ及鼻分泌物嗜酸细胞，结果表明，单纯中药组，单纯免疫法组和中西医结合治疗组有效率分别为７１％，７５％和９７％。中西医结合组疗效优于其它两组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。三组患者治疗后，ＩｇＧ升高，而ＩｇＥ趋于正常，血浆ｃＡＭＰ有不同程度的上升，     

鼻舒宁治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察

目的观察鼻舒宁喷雾剂对变应性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法30例变应性鼻炎患者,用鼻舒宁喷雾剂喷鼻,观察治疗前后患者的临床症状、体征变化。结果治疗2周后症状、体征明显改善,P<0.01,均为显效,其中鼻痒、喷嚏疗效最佳。结论鼻舒宁喷雾剂对变应性鼻炎有良好的临床疗效。     

鼻敏合剂对变应性鼻炎动物模型行为和鼻分泌物细胞学影响的实验研究

目的 了解鼻敏合剂治疗变应性鼻炎的治疗效果和对鼻黏膜免疫反应的影响.方法 豚鼠40只,随机分A(正常对照组)、B(变应性鼻炎模型组)、C(鼻敏合剂治疗组)、D(辛芩颗粒治疗组)四组,每组10只.先把B、C、D组做成变应性鼻炎动物模型.后用鼻敏合剂和辛芩颗粒治疗C、D组.制备模型前和治疗前、后,用攻击致敏液滴鼻,观察豚鼠行为改变.治疗后处死豚鼠,观察各组鼻分泌物中嗜酸细胞和肥大细胞出现的阳性率.结果 行为变化:①A组:成模前,治疗前、后之间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05);②B组:成膜前与治疗前、后组比较有显著差异(P＜0.01),治疗前、后组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05);③C、D组:治疗前、后组比较有显著差异(P＜0.01).鼻分泌物中嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大细胞出现的阳性率:B组与A、C、D组阳性率比较有显著差异(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 鼻敏合剂可减轻变应性鼻炎动物模型的症状,抑制其鼻腔分泌物中嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大 细胞的分泌.故鼻敏合剂对变应性鼻炎具有一定的治疗作用.     

免疫疗法合并鼻炎冲剂治疗常年性变应性鼻炎疗效观察

常年性变应性鼻炎90例分单纯中药组（鼻炎冲剂）、单纯免疫疗法组和中西医结合组（鼻炎冲剂结合免疫疗法）进行治疗，治疗前及治疗4月时测定血清IgE、IgG、血浆cAMP、cGMP及鼻分泌物嗜酸细胞。结果表明：单纯中药组、单纯免疫疗法组和中西医结合疗法组有效率分别为71％、75％和97％。中西医结合组疗效优于其它两组（P＜0．05）。三组患者治疗后，IgG升高，而IgE趋于正常。血浆cAMP有不同程度的上升，cGMP下降，中西医结合组尤为明显。本文资料表明：中西医结合免疫疗法是疗效好且巩固的治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的方法。     

中西医结合治疗变应性鼻炎

目的：评价微波配合中药治疗变应性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法：98例常年性变应性鼻炎分为对照组（45例）和治疗组（53例），对照组以微波治疗后配合抗过敏西药，治疗组以微波治疗后配合中药内服。治疗2月后观察喷嚏、清涕、鼻痒等症状改善情况。结果：治疗组症状改善明显优于对照组，且疗效稳定。结论：微波加中药内服的中西医结合治疗对变应性鼻炎有显著的疗效。且起效快、疗效稳定而持久。     

Clinical and immunohistoenzymatic investigations in patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis

The aim of our study was evaluation of the results of clinical examination in patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis and assessment of number of blood vessels, nerve fibres and mast cells on the basis of immunohistoenzymatic examination. There were 42 patients examined aged from 18 to 50 and divided into three groups: I--16 patients with vasomotor rhinitis and II--14 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and III--12 patients (control) with nasal septum deviation. On the basis of the patient's history data, clinical otorhinolaryngologic examination and active anterior rhinomanometry the patients were qualified to bilateral inferior turbinectomy. The nasal mucosa removed during surgery underwent immunohistoenzymatic examination using the monoclonal antibody against the tryptase of mast cells (MCT company, DAKO), the endothelin of blood vessels (EC - DAKO) and the neurospecific enolase (NSE - DAKO). In examined groups of patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis and control group similar escalation of clinical symptoms expressed by means of points index were stated. In immunohistoenzymatic studies the differences in mean number of blood vessels and nerve fibres between examined groups were not statistically significant, however statistically significant difference concerned higher number of mast cells patients with vasomotor rhinitis in comparison to perennial allergic rhinitis.     

Evaluation of nasal symptoms and mucociliary function in patients with allergic rhinitis treated with chemosurgery using trichloroacetic acid

PURPOSE: We treated allergic rhinitis with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) applied to the inferior turbinates. Further clinical evaluations were made to determine the effect of TCA application on symptoms of allergic rhinitis. We also report the results of measurement of the mucociliary transit time (saccharin time) and nasal airway resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 54 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis was treated with 80% TCA applied to the inferior turbinate. Further clinical evaluations were made to determine the effect of TCA application on symptom scores of allergic rhinitis. We also report the results of measurement of the mucociliary transit time (saccharin time) and nasal airway resistance in those cases. RESULTS: The most common complaint, nasal obstruction, improved effectively in 82% of cases, watery rhinorrhea in 86%, and sneezing in 86%, 1 year after treatment. A significant decrease in scoring was noted for subjective nasal obstruction, watery rhinorrhea, and sneezing. Nasal airway resistance was effectively reduced 1 year after treatment, and the difference was statically significant. In our study, saccharin time appeared to be shortened in the early and late periods after the TCA application. There was a statistical difference between the before- and after-treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that TCA treatment was quite effective for controlling nasal allergic symptoms and that it does not damage the mucociliary function.     

Effects of beclomethasone dipropionate nasal spray on subjective and objective findings in perennial allergic rhinitis

Effects of beclomethasone dipropionate nasal spray on subjective and objective findings in perennial allergic rhinitis It was the aim of this trial to study the effect of intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate on symptoms and signs of perennial allergic rhinitis in Japanese patients. In a multicenter trial 183 patients, children and adults, were treated with placebo or with 400 μgbeclomethasone dipropionate a day for 2 weeks. The active treatment had an effect on all nasal symptoms: sneezing, nose blowing, and blockage being reduced to 34%, 44% and 63% (P <0 01) of the values in the placebo group. A considerable carry-over effect was found, suggesting a group comparative design to be preferable for a cross over trial for the study of intranasal steroids. The beclomethasone dipropionate therapy had a significant inhibitory effect on the immediate response to nasal allergen provocation. The number of secretion eosinophils was reduced during treatment, and the appearance of the mucous membrane tended to normalize. Local side effects were few and insignificant. It is concluded that beclomethasone dipropionate is a valuable drug for the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis.     

Nasal mastocytosis

The treatment of obstructed nose due to removable lesions such as adenoidal hypertrophy, nasal polyps, tumors or deviation of the septum is surgical. In the non-surgical obstructed nose the establishment of the proper diagnosis in order to institute proper therapy is obvious. The allergic nose is treatable in most instances with antihistamines, decongestants, and, appropriately, by desensitization. There is a considerable body of patients with non-allergic perennial rhinitis who have no surgical obstruction, and who have been treated, usually for years, with the usual modes appropriate for the allergic nose. The results universally are poor. Nasal biopsies have been used to show a marked difference of infiltration of the mast cell in the submucosa of patients with perennial rhinitis who have neither obstruction due to surgically treatable conditions or due to allergic rhinitis. It is postulated that the mast cells infiltrate the nasal mucosa in response to factors yet to be determined. The mast cell contains chemical mediators which when released into the nasal tissue cause the symptoms of perennial rhinitis. The diagnosis cannot be made by direct visualization or even by nasal mucus smears but only made by biopsy. Surgery and allergy management usually fail in these patients, and usually they respond only to an honest explanation of the condition and short term steroid therapy.     

鼻内镜下Nd:YAG激光翼管神经凝固术治疗变应性鼻炎的临床研究

目的:探讨提高治疗变应性鼻炎有效方法。方法:对145例变应性鼻炎的病人,随机分为治疗组与对照组进行疗效观察,对治疗组85例采用在鼻内镜下Nd:YAG激光翼管神经凝固术治疗;对照组6O例采用微波治疗。结果:季节性变应性鼻炎治疗组有效率98.0％,与对照组(66.7％)比较P<0.01。常年性变应性鼻炎治疗组有效率94.3％,与对照组(70.0％)比较P<0.05。治疗组总有效率96.5％(82/85)。结论:鼻内镜下Nd:YAG激光翼管神经凝固术治疗变应性鼻炎,具有疗效显著,操作简单,治疗部位基本准确,创伤小,安全等优点,无鼻出血、眼干、上腭麻木、鼻孔撕裂及牙疼头疼等并发症,有较好的临床应用价值。     

鼻内镜下射频热凝筛前神经治疗常年性变应性鼻炎

目的:探讨提高常年性变应性鼻炎(PAR)疗效的治疗方法。方法:利用鼻内镜行前筛开放术,暴露并用射频热凝筛前神经鼻内支治疗22例PAR患者。结果:随访1年,显效18例(81.82％),有效3例(13.64％),无效1例(4.54％),总有效率95.46％,无严重并发症发生。结论:鼻内镜前筛开放术射频热凝筛前神经治疗PAR具有疗效显著,治疗部位精确等优点,有较好临床应用价值。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对变应性鼻炎的免疫调节及临床疗效观察

目的:观察卡介菌多糖核酸(BCG-PSN)对常年性变应性鼻炎患者的免疫调节作用及临床疗效。方法:将60例常年性变应性鼻炎患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组30例。试验组在与对照组相同治疗的基础上给予卡介菌多糖核酸注射液1ml(0.5mg),肌肉注射,隔日1次,疗程为6周。两组均随访3个月,每2周门诊随访1次,对临床情况进行评价,并检测两组患者治疗前、后血清IgA、IgG、IgM、IgE、CD3、CD4及CD8水平。结果:试验组有效率为93.33%,对照组为63.33%,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);卡介菌多糖核酸治疗后CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8水平均明显升高,分别与治疗前及对照组的治疗后比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗后IgA、IgM和IgE明显降低,与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中IgE与对照组的治疗后比较,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:卡介菌多糖核酸可调节常年性变应性鼻炎患者的免疫功能,与抗过敏药物联合应用可提高其疗效,具有临床实用价值。     

变应性因素及变应性鼻炎与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的相关性探讨

目的：探讨变应性因素及变应性鼻炎（AR）与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的临床相关性。方法：将200例研究对象分为A、B组,A组诊断为AR（110例）,B组诊断为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉（90例）,通过欧蒙印迹法定量检测血清sIgE浓度并观察慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉手术治疗后的复发率、AR并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的发生率。结果：A组sIgE总阳性率为89.09%,B组sIgE总阳性率为74.44%。B组中sIgE阳性者术后复发率为58.21%,sIgE阴性者术后复发率为8.70%。A组41例（37.27%）并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉,血清sIgE阳性率为97.56%;69例（62.73%）未并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉,血清sIgE阳性率为79.71%;组内slgE阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.96,P〈0.01）。结论：变应性因素及AR与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的发生有一定的相关性,提示避免接触变应原、合理治疗AR能够有效控制慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的复发率。     

Levocabastine nasal spray significantly improves perennial allergic rhinitis: A single-blind placebo-controlled study

Objective

The efficacy of levocabastine nasal spray for relieving the symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis was compared with placebo in a single-blind study.

Methods

Three hundred and thirty-five patients with moderate to severe perennial allergic rhinitis were randomized to three groups that were administered a high or low dose of levocabastine nasal spray or a placebo. Patients were not informed of their treatment. Efficacy was evaluated based on the changes of symptoms and rhinoscopy findings.

Results

Significant improvement of symptoms was observed in both the high-dose and low-dose levocabastine groups compared with the placebo group. There were no significant differences of efficacy between the high-dose and low-dose levocabastine groups. There was also no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse effects among the three groups.

Conclusion

Levocabastine nasal spray is a safe and effective treatment for perennial allergic rhinitis.