EXPRESSION OF P53 GENE IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND ITS RELATION WITH CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS

One hundred and eleven cases of cral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were examined for overexpression of p53 protein by using immunchistochemical technique.Association between p53 protein overexpression and clinical and pathological parameters as well as prognosis of patients were also analyzed. p53 protein overexpression was commonly observed (69.4%) in OSCC and may be used as a marker of carcinogenesis of OSCC.The level of p53 protein overexpression is correlated with the lowet three and five-year survival rate of OSCC.The presence of absence of p53 overexpression was not correlated with sex,age,site of tumor,size of tumor,degree of differentiation,node status,and clinical stage in OSCC.Single factor COX proportinoal hazards regression model analysis indicated that there was no significant association between p53 overexpression and prognosis of OSCC,Multivariable COX model analysis failed to establish effective life function of risk rate function,These showed that all the parameters analyzed in this study as well as p53 overexpression were not significant and effective risk factors of prognosis for patients wich OSCC.     

THE EXPRESSION OF C-erbB-1 AND C-erbB-2 ONCOGENES IN BASAL CELL CARCINOMA AND SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF SKIN

The expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes were investigated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 protein in 43 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 26 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found that the expression of c-erbB-1 oncogene in all BCC increased by different degrees and the expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene in BCC was significantly reduced or lost when compared to that in normal epidermal cells.Furthermore,apparent negative and positive relationships were observed respectively between the tumor differentiation and the expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in SCC.It is suggested that the abnormal expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in BCC and SCC may play a role in the development of skin tumors.The pattern of the c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes expression in SCC may assist in distinguishing the biological behavior and prognosis of SCC.     

DOWN-REGULATED EXPRESSION OF PTEN GENE AND LOH OF ITS EPIGENETIC MICROSATELLITES IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA

TherecentlyidentifiedPTEN/MMAC1/TEP1(phosphataseandtensinhomologuedeletedonchro-mosome10/mutatedinmultipleadvancedcancers/TGF-βregulatedandepithelialcellenrichedphos-phatase1)geneisanoveltumorsuppressorgenelo-catedtochromosome10q23.3(1).PTENencodingproductisadualspecificityphosphatasewithhomolo-gytotensinandauxillin.PTENdephosphorylatesphosphatidylinositol?triphosphated(PIP3),whichacti-vatesserine/threoninekinase,Akt.(2,3).Thephos-phataseactivityofPTENdown?regulatestheAktsig-nalin…     

POLO-LIKE KINASEl GENE EXPRESSION AND ITS CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA

Objective To clarify the polo-like kinasel (PLKI) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological significance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLKl expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gastric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PLKI protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLKI mRNA and protein expression level in the 60 fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P <0. 0001, P =0. 031 respectively). In paraffin-embedded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLKI was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location only occurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLKI expression intensity was associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0. 03) , invasion (P = 0. 032) , TNM stage (P=0.019), ki67 expression (P =0.011). The patients with negative PLKl expression had better survival rate than that with positive PLKl expression (P = 0. 0292). Conclusion PLKl may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis, and may become another new bio-marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.     

POLO-LIKE KINASE1 GENE EXPRESSION AND ITS CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA

Objective To clarify the polo-like kinasel （PLK1） expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological significance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLK1 expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gastric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay, lmmunohistochemistry was used to detect PLK1 protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLK1 mRNA and protein expression level in the 60 fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues （ P 〈 0. 0001, P = 0. 031 respectively）. In paraffin-embedded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLK1 was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location only occurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLKI expression intensity was associated with tumor dif- ferentiation （ P = 0. 03）, invasion （ P = 0. 032 ）, TNM stage （ P = 0. 019） , ki67 expression （ P = 0. 011 ）. The patients with negative PLK1 expression had better survival rate than that with positive PLK1 expression （ P =0. 0292 ）. Conclusion PLK1 may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis, and may become another new biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.     

EXPRESSION OF p16 AND p53 IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of p53 and p16 expression in gastric carcinoma with special reference to the prognosis.Methods:One hundred and fifty-two patients with gastric carcinoma undergoing operation in our hospital between 1991 and 1998 were evaluated for expression of p53 and p16 in formalinfixed and paraffin-enbedded tumor tissue utilizing Avidin-Biotin immunohistochemistry techniques.Statistical correlations with stage,histological type,differentiation degree,location,size ,and overall survial were done.The Cox proportional hazard model was also performed to evaluate which factors had an independent prognostic value.Results:In 152 cases of resected gastric cancer,110(72.4%) were p16 positive and 49(32.2%) showed p53 overexpression.Differences were observed in the frequency of p16 positivity with rewspect to age ,gender and tumor size.The frequency of p53 positivity cells in well-differentiated tumors was significantly higher than that in poorly diffentiated tumors(41.9%vs 25.6%;P=0.034).In a multivariate analysis,tumor TNM stage,perioperation chemotherapy and the expression of p16 were independent prognostic factos in gastric cancer.Conclusions:The results of the current study suggest that expression of p16 may be a useful prognostic factor for patients with gastric carcinoma,but the expression of p53 as detected by immunohistochemistry were of no valus in predicting the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma independently.     

SURAMIN ACTIVITY IN HUMAN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Suramin,a drug used for the treatment of African trypanosomi-asis and onchoceriasis,has potential anti-cancer activity.In the present study.the effect of suramin on proliferation of human head and neck squamous cellcarcinoma cells was determined.A significant growth inhibition in all threecell lines tested was observed when the concentration of suramin was 100μg/ml or more.The hypothesis was tested whether growth inhibition may bedue to selective interference with the action of epidermal growth factor.Suraminat growth inhibiting concentrations only partly antagonized the growth slimulat-ing effect of EGF at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/ml,indicating that alsoother mechanisms of action may contribute to the growth inhibitory activity ofsuramin.Furthermore,evidence was found that also serum proteins other thangrowth factors presented in the culture medium have a growth stimulating effecton cells and a strongly antagonistical effect on suramin activity.     

CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ORAL AND OROPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA IN SEYCHELLES

Oral and oroPharyngeal eareinoma happen to be one of the commonest eaneerous leSlons in Sey-ehelles. AeeordIng to our caneer registry statistjcs of 621 cases of     

口腔鳞状细胞癌中Paxillin和MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌中Paxillin和MMP-9的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学-SP法检测55例口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中Paxillin和MMP-9的表达,用Spearman秩相关分析两者之间的相关,用χ^2检验分析Paxillin和MMP-9表达与临床病理参数的关联。结果：（1）本实验结果显示,Paxillin表达在癌细胞质和/或胞膜,呈棕黄色。55例口腔鳞状细胞癌中阳性率为67.27%（37/55）。MMP-9主要表达在癌细胞质内,少量有细胞膜表达,呈黄色。55例口腔鳞状细胞癌中阳性率为65.45%（36/55）。（2）Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,在口腔鳞状细胞癌中Paxillin和MMP-9表达呈正相关,关系系数为：rs=0.349,P〈0.05。（3）Paxillin和MMP-9表达率均与淋巴结转移有关,Paxillin表达与肿瘤的分化程度有关,与临床分期、年龄、性别无显著关联。结论：（1）Paxillin和MMP-9在淋巴结转移组中的表达率均显著高于无淋巴结转移组,提示Paxillin和MMP-9表达可能与口腔癌的侵袭转移生物学行为有关联。（2）Paxillin和MMP-9在口腔癌呈正相关,从该结果可推测在口腔癌的发生发展过程中二者在某一信号通路上具有协同作用。     

p53和c-myc在口腔鳞癌中基因扩增和mRNA表达

目的：探讨p53和c-myc基因扩增和mRNA表达在口腔鳞癌(OSCC)形成和发展中的作用。方法：用原位杂交与图像分析相结合的方法，对30例口腔鳞癌和5例正常口腔粘膜中p53和c-myc的基因扩增和mRNA表达状况进行了定性、定位、定量研究。结果：OSCC中p53和c-myc的扩增阳性率分别为40％和63．3％，其mRNA表达率分别是80％和83．3％。p53和c-myc基因扩增量之间具有显著性相关。结论：这两种基因的扩增和mRNA表达在OSCC发生发展中都具有重要作用；在OSCC中导致p53和c-myc扩增的某些因素可能是相同的。     

口腔鳞状细胞癌微血管密度与临床病理因素的关系

①目的　探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌肿瘤微血管密度 (MVD)与临床病理因素的关系。②方法　对 5 6例口腔鳞状细胞癌的组织切片采用抗Ⅷ因子单抗进行免疫组织化学染色 ,计算肿瘤MVD。③结果　TNM临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期病人的MVD明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期病人 ( χ2 =4.14,P <0 .0 5 ) ;肿瘤细胞分化程度高的病人MVD明显低于中、低分化病人 ( χ2 =4.2 8,P <0 .0 5 ;P =0 .0 0 1) ;有淋巴结转移病人的MVD明显高于无淋巴结转移病人 ( χ2 =9.75 ,P <0 .0 1)。MVD计数高病人 5年生存率较计数低者差 ( χ2 =5 .72 ,P <0 .0 5 )。④结论　MVD的检测可作为反映口腔鳞状细胞癌生物学行为及判断预后的指标之一     

Kai1基因在口腔鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的 :研究肿瘤转移抑制基因Kai1在口腔鳞癌中的表达及意义。方法 :运用免疫组化法检测 6 7例口腔鳞癌 (包括 39例不伴有、2 8例伴有淋巴结转移的原发灶 )、2 8例淋巴结转移灶及 2 3例口腔粘膜白斑、12例癌旁正常口腔粘膜组织中Kai1 CD82的表达情况。结果 :正常组、口腔粘膜白斑组、不伴淋巴结转移、伴淋巴结转移的口腔鳞癌原发灶组及淋巴结转移灶组Kai1 CD82的阳性表达率分别为 10 0 % (12 12 )、86 .9% (2 0 2 3)、6 9.6 % (2 3 39)、2 8.6 % (8 2 8)和 7.14 % (2 2 8)。Kai1 CD82的表达在口腔粘膜白斑组与正常组中无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但其在其余三组中的表达较正常组均明显减低 ,它们之间的差别均有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。有转移的原发灶组较无转移组中Kai1 CD82的表达明显减低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而在淋巴结转移灶中的表达又较相对应的原发灶组进一步减低 (P <0 .0 5 )。Kai1 CD82的表达与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的pTNM分期及组织分化程度无关 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :Kai1基因的表达下调与口腔鳞癌的转移密切相关 ,检测Kai1基因的表达可作为临床预测口腔鳞癌转移潜能的良好指标。     

p^27KIP1在喉鳞状细胞癌中表达的临床意义

目的：探讨p^27KIP1基因蛋白与LSCC生物学行为的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测60例LSCC、40例喉不典型增生病变和20例喉正常粘膜中p^27KIP1基因蛋白的表达。结果：p^27KIP1阳性表达主要定位于细胞核,在LSCC、喉不典型增生病变和喉正常粘膜中p^27KIP1阳性表达率分别为：58．3％（35／60）、67．5％（27／40）和90．0％（18／20）（P＜0．05）。LSCC中颈淋巴结转移组p^27KIP1阳性表达率明显低于无淋巴结转移组（P＜0．01）。结论 在LSCC癌变过程中,p^27KIP1阳性表达率呈逐渐下降趋势。p^27KIP1表达的下调对喉癌发展起重要 作用     

眼睑鳞状细胞癌p53蛋白过度表达与PCNA、AgNOR关系的研究

为探讨ｐ５３基因突变与眼睑鳞状细胞癌（ＳＣＣ）发生的关系及其临床病理学意义,采用微波处理免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法对３２例ＳＣＣ进行了ｐ５３蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）检测,同时应用银染法检测了核仁组成区相关嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）计数。结果显示,在正常眼睑皮肤及轻度不典型增生上皮未见ｐ５３蛋白表达,而中、重度不典型增生、原位癌、浸润癌ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达率逐渐增高,其ＰＣＮＡ指数及ＡｇＮＯＲ计数也有增加趋势;随着癌细胞分化程度的降低,ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达强度增高;ＰＣＮＡ平均指数和ＡｇＮＯＲ计数分别为３８３±３０１和３７５±１５３,ＰＣＮＡ指数和ＡｇＮＯＲ计数随ＳＣＣ分化程度的降低逐渐增高,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００５）。ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达的肿瘤组织,其ＰＣＮＡ指数和ＡｇＮＯＲ计数均高于ｐ５３蛋白阴性表达者,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００５）。结果表明,ｐ５３蛋白过度表达与ＳＣＣ发生密切相关,出现于ＳＣＣ发生的早期,将３项指标综合应用于ＳＣＣ的分化程度、增殖活性及早期诊断较为客观,对协助临床病理诊断及预后评价有一定参考价值     

341例口腔鳞癌病变部位及颈淋巴结转移的临床分析

目的 对341例口腔鳞癌的病变部位及颈淋巴结转移进行临床分析。方法 作者搜集了1988年5月至2000年2月间在学习和工作中遇到的341例口腔鳞癌病例，分别记录年龄、性别、病变部位及颈淋巴结转移情况，并进行统计分析。结果 341例口腔鳞癌的病变部位排列歇为舌、颊、牙龈、口底、腭；40－60岁为高发年龄组，其淋巴结转移率为35.48%，口底癌的转移率最高。     

bcl-2蛋白在口腔扁平苔藓和口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达

目的:探讨bcl-2在口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)和口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)的表达及意义。方法:运用免疫组化SP法研究bcl-2在糜烂型、非糜烂型OLP,高、中、低分化OSCC中的表达。结果:bcl-2在正常口腔粘膜(NOM)上皮的表达较OLP明显增强,差异具有统计学意义。bcl-2在高、中、低分化OSCC中的表达差异明显,OSCC分化越低,bcl-2表达则越强;分化越高,表达越弱。结论:bcl-2在OLP上皮层中表达较正常口腔粘膜(NOM)上皮明显减少,可能与OLP上皮细胞凋亡增加、上皮变薄有关。bcl-2在高、中、低分化OSCC中的表达具有明显差别,可能与OSCC的分化的程度有关。     

p27KIP1和CyclinE表达与喉鳞状细胞癌生物学行为的关系

目的:探讨p27^KIP1和CyclinE基因蛋白与喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）生物学行为的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测60例LSCC、40例喉不典型增生病变和20例喉正常粘膜中p27^KIP1和CyclinE基因蛋白的表达。结果：p27^KIP1和CyclinE阳性表达主要定位于细胞核；在LSCC、喉不典型增生病变和喉正常粘膜中p27^KIP1阳性表达率分别为：58．3％（35／60）、67．5％（27／40）和90．0％（18／20）（P＜0．05）；CyclinE阳性表达率分别为：45．0％（27／60），20．0％（8／40），5．0％（1／20）（P＜0．001）。LSCC中颈淋巴结转移组和非淋巴结转移组，淋巴结转移阳性组p27^KIP1阳性表达率明显低于阴性组（P＜0．01）；淋马结转移组CyclinE阳性表达率明显高于非淋巴结转移组（P＜0．01）。p27^KIP1和CyclinE表达显著相关性（P＜0．01）。结论：p27^KIP1和CyclinE异常表达可能是喉癌发生中早期分子事件，对喉癌发生发展起重要作用。     

PVP方案术前诱导化疗治疗口腔颌面部鳞癌的临床研究

目的：研究PVP方案术前诱导化疗的近、远期疗效。方法：对60例Ⅲ-Ⅳ期口腔颌面部鳞癌患者，采用PVP方案术前诱导化疗结果：总有效率为76.6%，其中52例化疗后施行手术治疗，其3，5年生存率分别为71.2%，66.7%.结论:PVP方案术前诱导化疗能显著提高生存率.