PANI-Fe3O4复合材料的制备及其电磁参数匹配特性的数值模拟

以电损耗型吸波剂为研究基础,根据传输线理论模拟获得给定条件下的理想电磁参数区域,考察厚度（d）、频率（f）、反射率（R）等因素对理想电磁参数区域的影响。将模拟结果与导电聚苯胺（PANI）的测试结果进行对比,给出吸波剂改性方向并预测不同频段下的吸波性能。结果显示,在中空结构PANI表面负载Fe₃O₄后,复合材料的介电损耗降低,磁损耗增加,介电损耗角正切（tan δ_ε）和磁损耗角正切（tan δ_μ）相接近,电磁匹配特性得到改善,上述实验结论与模拟结果相吻合。     

丁腈橡胶/硫酸铁配位交联复合材料的制备与表征

采用溶液球磨法制备了丁腈橡胶（NBR）/硫酸铁（Fe₂（SO₄）₃）复合材料,Fe₂（SO₄）₃颗粒的平均粒径由10.23 μm降低到1.13 μm,粒径大小分布变窄。电子顺磁共振谱（ESR）以及X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）证明了丁腈橡胶中的-CN与Fe₂（SO₄）₃中的Fe³⁺发生了配位反应。随着Fe₂（SO₄）₃添加量的增加,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度（T_g）与交联密度逐渐增加。当Fe₂（SO₄）₃添加量为15 phr （每100份基体中的填料份数）时,NBR/Fe₂（SO₄）₃复合材料综合力学性能最好,复合材料的拉伸强度比纯NBR的拉伸强度提高了约12.8倍。采用溶液球磨法制备出的NBR/Fe₂（SO₄）₃复合材料的交联密度、拉伸强度、硬度、回弹性、伸张疲劳系数以及耐老化性能均高于干法制备的NBR/Fe₂（SO₄）₃复合材料的相应值。     

氮硼共掺杂有序介孔碳的制备及性能

采用硬模板法,以间位碳硼烷为硼源、3-氨基苯基乙炔树脂为氮源和碳源、介孔二氧化硅（SBA-15）为硬模板,成功制备了氮硼共掺杂的有序介孔碳材料（NBC）。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、N₂吸附-脱附测试、透射电镜（TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了前驱体中B与N的物质的量之比（n_B/n_N）对NBC结构的影响。采用紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）研究了NBC对甲基橙染料的吸附性能。结果表明：NBC具有二维六方的有序结构,孔径可调且分布集中在3~6 nm。其中,NBC-1.0样品（n_B/n_N=1.0）具有最高的比表面积（1 560 m²/g）、最大比孔容（1.92 cm³/g）及高度有序性。相比于传统的活性炭吸附剂（吸附量61 mg/g）,NBC-1.0可以实现对甲基橙染料的快速、有效吸附,其吸附量可达214 mg/g。     

P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯的制备与表征

以单分散的苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(P(St-co-MMA))微球为载体,FeSO₄·7H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O为铁源,NaOH为沉淀剂,在氧化石墨烯(GO)存在下,利用反相共沉淀法通过原位复合技术在P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯(P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和氮吸附-脱附等温线对P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO样品的结构和性能进行表征分析。研究结果表明:纳米级的磁性氧化石墨烯成功地负载在了微米级的共聚物P(St-co-MMA)表面,所制备的P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO微纳米复合物平均孔径为14.55 nm,孔体积为0.204 2 cm³/g,比表面积为56.14 m²/g。该复合物具有超顺磁性和良好的磁响应性,能够满足磁分离的要求。     

氟尿嘧啶-聚酰胺-胺复合物的制备及大鼠体内药代动力学

合成并表征了聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）G5.0树枝状聚合物,平衡透析法制备氟尿嘧啶-聚酰胺-胺复合物（5-Fu-PAMAM）,研究PAMAM对5-Fu的结合能力;高效液相色谱法研究大鼠经口给予5-Fu混悬液和5-Fu-PAMAM复合物的药代动力学。结果显示,当5-Fu与PAMAM G5.0的物质的量比在250附近达到最大结合,制备的复合物粒径为（30.2±4.9)nm。大鼠经口给予复合物组的K_a,c_max均较混悬液组有显著增加（P<0.01）,AUC_0-∞是混悬液组的1.37倍。研究表明PAMAM能显著增加5-Fu的口服吸收,提高5-Fu制剂的生物利用度。     

丙烯酸酯橡胶/硫酸铜配位交联复合材料的制备与性能表征

采用溶液球磨法直接制备丙烯酸酯橡胶（AR）/硫酸铜复合材料,在180℃热压下实现AR与CuSO₄的配位作用。球磨后CuSO₄粒径大幅减小且分布变窄,粒径平均峰值从9.88 μm减小到1.03 μm。采用电子顺磁共振波谱（ESR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-vis）、动态力学分析（DMA）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等手段对复合材料进行表征。结果表明,溶液球磨法制备的w（CuSO₄）=2.9%的复合材料较传统方法制备的w（CuSO₄）=4.8%复合材料,CuSO₄的添加量减少了40%,但拉伸强度提高了120%。SEM分析结果表明溶液球磨法制备的复合材料中CuSO₄的粒径和分布情况均得到显著改善;ESR、XPS谱图证明了AR与CuSO₄之间发生配位作用;DMA结果表明：由于配位作用,复合材料较AR呈现出刚性的特点。     

二硫化钼包覆聚丙烯隔膜在锂硫电池中的应用

采用水热法合成片层状二硫化钼（MoS₂）,不添加黏结剂,通过简单真空抽滤将MoS₂包覆在聚丙烯微孔隔膜（Celgard）上,从而提高锂硫电池的性能。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、比表面积孔隙度及化学吸附分析仪（BET）对MoS₂进行了形貌和物性测试,使用电化学工作站和电池测试系统对锂硫电池进行电化学性能表征,研究了MoS₂包覆隔膜对锂硫电池穿梭效应的抑制效果。结果表明：MoS₂包覆Celgard隔膜通过吸附多硫化锂和阻挡多硫化锂的穿梭,可以有效抑制锂硫电池的穿梭效应,在400 mA/g电流密度下,首圈容量达到1 010 mA·h/g,循环150圈后容量为432 mA·h/g,性能明显优于使用空白商用Celgard隔膜的锂硫电池。     

Box-Behnken效应面法优化多西他赛长循环脂质体处方

目的 优化多西他赛长循环脂质体（DLCL）处方。方法 采用薄膜蒸发法制备DLCL,分别以卵磷脂（PC）与多西他赛（DOC）质量比（X₁）、PC与胆固醇（Chol）质量比（X₂）、DSPE-PEG 2000与PC物质的量之比（X₃）为考察对象,包封率（Y₁）、载药量（Y₂）、综合指标OD值为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken效应面法筛选DLCL的最佳处方。结果 最优处方为X₁＝0.616 2,X₂＝1.0,X₃＝?1.0;DLCL的包封率为（94.71±1.75）%,载药量为（5.37±0.43）%,标准偏差均小于10%;平均粒径139.6 nm,分布均匀,体外释放试验结果表明其具有明显的缓释效果。结论 采用Box-Behnken效应面法优化DLCL处方是有效、可行的。     

硅-丙乳液/天然乳胶共混膜的制备与性能

在丙烯酸丁酯（BA）/苯乙烯（ST）体系中引入硅氧烷3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三异丙氧基硅烷（C1757）,通过乳液聚合法合成了可交联型共聚硅-丙乳液（PBSC）,并采用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）对其结构进行表征。利用共混法制备了天然乳胶（NR）/PBSC复合膜,并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析仪（TG）及差示扫描量热仪（DSC）等仪器对其性能进行测试。结果表明：随着PBSC的加入,改性NR膜表面及内部孔洞数量减少。当w（C1757）=12%和PBSC添加量（质量分数）为12%时,NR/PBSC拉伸强度由14.4 MPa提高到23.3 MPa,热降解特征温度T₀、T_p、T_f分别提升了12.9、3.7、11.5℃。同时改性乳胶膜耐溶剂性能及耐水性能均得到改善,蛋白质溢出量明显降低（低于110 μg/g）。     

P(4-VPPS-co-DMAPS)两性离子共聚物膜的制备及表征

首先,以4-乙烯基吡啶（4-VP）与甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯（DMAEMA）为单体通过自由基共聚,得到聚（4-乙烯基吡啶-co-甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯）共聚物（P（4-VP-co-DMAEMA））;然后,用1,3-丙磺酸内酯对P（4-VP-co-DMAEMA）侧链进行季铵化改性,得到不同离子化修饰程度的P（4-VP-co-DMAEMA）的两性离子共聚物（P（4-VPPS-co-DMAPS））。采用傅里叶转换红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振氢谱（¹H-NMR）和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对P（4-VP-co-DMAEMA）和P（4-VPPS-co-DMAPS）的化学结构进行表征。用万能拉力试验机、差示扫描量热分析仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（TG）以及稀释涂布平板法对P（4-VP-co-DMAEMA）和P（4-VPPS-co-DMAPS）薄膜的力学性能、热学性能以及抗菌/防污性能进行了表征。探究了单体单元物质的量之比、季铵化修饰程度对P（4-VPPS-co-DMAPS）薄膜材料物理化学性能以及功能性的影响。结果表明：当两种单体单元的物质的量之比（n_4-VP/n_DMAEMA）为3/7,离子化修饰程度为20%时,得到的两性离子共聚物薄膜具有一定的热稳定性、韧性和强度,且兼具优异的抗菌/防污特性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.