Tailored endoscopic surgery for the treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of tailored endoscopic surgery. Tailored endoscopic surgery aims at resecting the inverted papilloma completely with a customized surgical approach, especially when an en-bloc excision cannot be comprehensively or routinely achieved because of the immense extent of the tumor. METHODS: Between November 1991 and March 2002, 43 patients with sinonasal inverted papillomas were treated by tailored endoscopic surgery. The average duration of follow-up for this population was 25.3 months (range, 9-150 months). A staging system developed by Krouse was adopted for tumor grading. On the basis of tailored endoscopic surgery, 15 localized lesions and 12 smaller extensive lesions (Krouse stages 1 and 2) were treated by ordinary endoscopic resection, whereas 16 larger extensive lesions (Krouse stages 3 and 4) in which the tumors were immense were subjected to sequential segmental endoscopic surgery (SSES). Seven of these 16 larger extensive lesions combined with endoscopic medial maxillectomy because of extensive encroachment of maxillary sinus antrum. RESULTS: Four patients (9.3%) had residual disease, each requiring one revision surgery. All tumors were successfully resected. No patient required lateral rhinotomy or midfacial degloving procedure. No major complications were encountered in any of the patients. None of the patients had residual disease at the time of this writing. CONCLUSIONS: Tailored endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment that obviates the need for more extensive surgery for the management of inverted papilloma. Proper preoperative evaluations, intraoperative determination of extent and attachment of the tumor, close endoscopic follow-up, and expert application of endoscopic techniques are the keys to the successful use of tailored endoscopic surgery.     

Clinical value of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma

BACKGROUND: Although sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare benign tumor, it has a tendency to recur and is sometimes associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Therefore, postoperative long-term follow-up of these patients is recommended. We previously reported that serum SCC antigen might be a useful tumor marker for sinonasal IP. In this study, we investigated whether serum SCC antigen level has a correlation with disease status and is useful in the early detection of recurrent disease. METHODS: Blood samples for the analysis of serum SCC antigen were taken from 28 IP patients before and after surgical treatment. RESULTS: Twenty-five (89%) of 28 cases showed evaluated serum SCC antigen levels above the upper limit. This marker level decreased in all cases after surgical resection. Four of these patients had a recurrence. None of the patients with recurrent tumor showed symptoms at the time of detection of their recurrent tumor, and recurrence was discovered from elevated levels of SCC antigen. CONCLUSIONS: Serum SCC antigen level has a correlation with disease status of IP and has a potential to serve as a useful tool for monitoring the course of disease. SCC antigen is a reliable tumor marker in the management of sinonasal IPs.     

早期和浅表性食管鳞状细胞癌内镜治疗现状

食管癌目前已成为我国主要恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和病死率逐年增加,发病原因多而复杂。早期食管鳞状细胞癌是指局限于食管黏膜层的鳞状细胞癌,而侵犯到黏膜下层的鳞状细胞癌属于浅表性食管癌。随着内镜检查的普及和技术的进步,早期和浅表性食管鳞状细胞癌的诊断率不断提高,目前内镜下治疗的方法主要有内镜下切除和非切除治疗,其中内镜下切除治疗主要有内镜下黏膜切除术、内镜下黏膜剥离术等,相对于手术治疗,内镜下切除治疗具有安全、创伤小、操作简单、并发症少等优点,提高了患者的生存质量。但对于淋巴结转移风险较大的患者,若行内镜下治疗后,建议术后密切随访。随着针对较大病变的内镜下隧道式黏膜下剥离术等技术的开展,内镜下治疗将会为早期食管肿瘤的患者提供更好的治疗方案。     

Surgical treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue.

INTRODUCTION: Squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) of the tongue base has historically been shown to be associated with a poor prognosis. We reviewed our experience with primary surgery followed by postoperative radiation therapy (XRT) to determine the impact of our treatment protocols on outcome. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients presenting to the University of Pittsburgh with previously untreated SSC of the tongue base between 1980-1997. Patients who were treated nonoperatively were excluded from analysis. Surgical excision of the primary was performed with ipsilateral neck dissection. The contralateral neck was dissected when the primary lesion was located in the midline or for clinically positive contralateral neck nodes. Postoperatively, most patients (93%) received XRT to the primary site and neck. Adjuvant chemotherapy was offered if histologic signs of aggressive behavior were identified (multiple nodes or extracapsular spread). RESULTS: Of 87 patients identified, 39 (45%) were initially seen with T1 or T2 tumors. Seventy-nine patients (91%) were initially seen with stage III or IV disease. Contralateral neck dissection was performed in 36 patients (41%). Metastatic disease was demonstrated in 84% of ipsilateral neck nodes and in 47% of contralateral neck nodes. Occult metastases were found in 61% of clinically N0 necks. Local recurrence occurred in 5 patients, regional recurrence occurred in 12 patients, and distant metastases developed in 22 patients. Overall and disease-specific survival rates at 5 years for all patients were 49% and 56%, respectively. The 5 year disease-specific survival rates for stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV disease were 100%, 86%, 62%, and 48%. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 88% for T1 lesions, 64% for T2 lesions, 58% for T3 lesions, and 30% for T4 lesions (p <.05, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of SCC of the tongue base is highly effective in achieving local disease control and disease-free survival for early lesions. Because both functional outcome and survival are poor after surgical treatment of advanced lesions, we now offer brachytherapy with XRT or participation in a combined chemoradiation protocol rather than primary surgical therapy to patients with advanced disease. Prospective studies are needed to compare the effect of these organ-preserving therapies with traditional combined surgery and XRT to determine the effect on functional outcome and quality of life.