栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型感染后细胞膜流动性的影响

目的 观察栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型感染后宿主细胞膜流动性的影响，以探讨其抗病毒作用机理。方法 采用NBD-C6-HPC特异性荧光探针标记Hep-2细胞膜脂质，以肝素钠为阳性对照，借助激光共聚焦扫描技术检测栀子提取物ZG对病毒感染后宿主细胞膜流动性的影响。结果 正常细胞膜具有良好的流动性，漂白后荧光恢复率为73．89％；病毒感染后Hep-2细胞膜流动性显著降低，荧光恢复率为18．54％；栀子提取物ZG作用后细胞膜流动性明显恢复，荧光恢复率为61．21％；肝素钠作用后细胞膜流动性明显恢复，荧光恢复率为56．62％。结论通过改善细胞膜的流动性，从而维持细胞膜的正常功能可能是栀子提取物ZG抗病毒感染的机理之一。     

栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型吸附量的影响

目的 观察栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）吸附过程中病毒吸附量的影响，以探讨其抗病毒作用机理。方法 采用异硫氰酸荧光素（fluorescein isothiocyanate，FTrc）作为荧光探针标记病毒，以肝素钠为对照，借助流式细胞仪，通过收集多种不同的加药方式后细胞表面的荧光强度，来考察病毒吸附过程中病毒吸附量的变化及栀子提取物ZG对此变化的影响。结果 单纯疱疹病毒1型在Hep-2细胞表面吸附存在饱和性、特异性；肝素钠3种加药方式均能明显降低病毒吸附量，先加药后吸附及吸附和加药同时进行两种方式，优于先吸附后加药的方式，其吸附抑制率分别为84．76％和82．02％；栀子提取物ZG3种加药方式均能明显降低病毒吸附量，其中以吸附和加药同时进行组最为显著，吸附抑制率为68．46％。结论 栀子提取物ZG可能是通过作用于病毒吸附的多个环节来达到抑制HSV-1的吸附作用。     

栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型吸附后宿主细胞膜电位的影响

经我试验组反复验证栀子提取物ZG在体内外均有明显的抗病毒感染作用，其作用机理之一可能是通过抑制病毒吸附来发挥抗病毒作用。通常情况下，稳定的膜电位是维持细胞正常功能所必需的；而在病毒感染过程中，细胞膜跨膜电位差（△φ）则作为促使病毒内化的主要能态来源。国外有研究证实在HSV-1感染8h后HeLa细胞出现明显的去极化，而国内未见病毒吸附过程中膜电位变化的报道。     

单纯疱疹病毒1型载体

本文讨论单纯疱疹病毒1型的特点和作为基因治疗载体的单纯疱疹1型载体的构建方法及其应用。     

单纯疱疹病毒1型与阿尔茨海默病的研究进展

单纯疱疹病毒1型(herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1)感染常引起口唇疱疹,但近年来其引发的生殖器疱疹越来越多,且与阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病的发生密切相关。阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)是一种慢性进行性的中枢神经系统变性病,其发病机制尚未完全阐明,目前也缺乏能...     

单纯疱疹病毒1型感染人胚神经细胞的研究

目的 观察人胚脑皮层细胞受到ＨＳＶ－１攻击后的连续病变过程及感染特征,方法 采用人胚脑皮层细胞原培养,接种１００ＴＣＩＤ５０ＨＳＶ－１后用光镜、免疫组化染色观察病变全过程。结果 接种ＨＳＶ－１后４ｄ逐渐出现细胞肿胀、变园、呈气球样改变,。出现核内包涵体。结论 ＨＳＶ－１接种所致的人胚脑皮层细胞出现连续的细胞病变,更接近地反映了人体在自然状态下感染ＨＳＶ－１后的神经细胞病变过程。     

小鼠单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型脑内再激活感染的实验研究

单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型初次感染后能够在外周神经节和中枢神经系统潜伏下来 ,应激很容易诱发外周神经节病毒的活化。本实验以过热做为应激源 ,观察机体在热应激后脑组织是否也存在活化的病毒 ,以及病毒再激活感染的特征。1　材料和方法1 1　潜伏感染的建立　雌性BALB c小鼠 6 5只 ,3     

T细胞对单纯疱疹病毒1的潜伏和再活化的调节

单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1），像所有的疱疹病毒一样，拥有多种逃逸宿主免疫系统的机制，它可以长期持续存在于宿主体内，说明在多数情况下，机体免疫系统对它是无能为力的。HSV-1感染粘膜或皮肤的上皮细胞，然后进入外周神经末梢，经过神经轴突传导到感觉神经节。HSV-1潜伏在神经元中，并周期性的再活化，逆向沿着神经纤维到达表皮肤，开始新一轮的病毒复制，此为再感染或复发。     

T细胞对单纯疱疹病毒1的潜伏和再活化的调节

单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1),像所有的疱疹病毒一样,拥有多种逃逸宿主免疫系统的机制,它可以长期持续存在于宿主体内,说明在多数情况下,机体免疫系统对它是无能为力的。HSV-1感染粘膜或皮肤的上皮细胞,然后进入外周神经末梢,经过神经轴突传导到感觉神经节。HSV-1潜伏在神经元中,并周期性的再活化,逆向沿着神经纤维到达表皮肤,开始新一轮的病毒复制,此为再感染或复发。     

1型单纯疱疹病毒突变体治疗肿瘤的研究进展

病毒溶瘤治疗的研究由来已久,但治疗多种人类恶性肿瘤的溶瘤病毒的选择构建仍在不断的探索与研究中.目前1型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV-1)被认为是最为有效的溶瘤病毒.作者阐述了溶瘤病毒治疗肿瘤的现状及研究机制、HSV-1的生物学特点、HSV-1突变体构建及其治疗肿瘤的现状,并探讨了放射性核素标记HSV-1突变体的可行性及标记物治疗肿瘤的前瞻性.     

Recovery from herpes simplex virus type-1 hepatitis in a female adult

Summary A study of one case of herpes simplex hepatitis in an adult woman is presented. The clinical feature and laboratory findings were typical for acute hepatitis in a febrile patient without herpetic mucocutaneous lesions. The evidence of high IgM antibody titer in serum against herpes simplex virus and confirmation of the herpes simplex virus hepatitis by immunofluorescent microscopy after liver biopsy helped us establish the diagnosis. After 3-months the patient recovered.Abbreviations HSV Herpes simplex virus - CMV Cytomegalovirus - EBV Epstein Barr virus     

The proportion of galanin-immunoreactive neurons in mouse trigeminal ganglia is transiently increased following corneal inoculation of herpes simplex virus type-1

To investigate whether neurobiological functions are modified by viral infection, we inoculated mouse corneas with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and examined neuronal galanin content in trigeminal ganglia at selected survival times. HSV-1 antigen appeared in neurons at day 3, peaked at day 6 and disappeared by day 11. Increased galanin positivity was first seen at day 6, peaked at day 10 and approached control values by day 21. This result provides further evidence that the biological program of peripheral sensory neurons is modified by herpes-virus infection.     

Effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity of herpes simplex virus type 1 （HSV-1）

To observe the effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) so as to explore the mechanism of its antiviral activity, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used as the fluorescent probe to label viruses and heparin sodium was used as control. Meanwhile , the effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity on the surface of Hep-2 cells was determined by flow cytometry. It was demonstrated that adsorption of HSV-1 on the surface of Hep-2 cells exhibited the character of saturation and specificity and heparin sodium could prevent attachment of viruses on these cells. These results are in accord with those reported previously. It was also proved that the manner of drug-use prior to adsorption or simultaneous use of drug and adsorption was better than adsorption prior to drug-use, and the inhibition rates of the former and latter manner were 84. 76% and 82.92% respectively. Three manners of drug-use with Gardenia extract ZG were all effective to reduce the adsorption quantity of viruses, especially the manner of simultaneous use of drug and adsorption with an adsorption inhibition rate of 68.46% . From the above observation, it is apparent that the mechanism of anti-viral activity of Gardenia extract ZG may be via several steps involved in the HSV-1 adsorption.     

Application of shRNA-containing herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-based gene therapy for HSV-2-induced genital herpes

HSV-1-based vectors have been widely used to achieve targeted delivery of genes into the nervous system. In the current study, we aim to use shRNA-containing HSV-1-based gene delivery system for the therapy of HSV-2 infection. Guinea pigs were infected intravaginally with HSV-2 and scored daily for 100 days for the severity of vaginal disease. HSV-2 shRNA-containing HSV-1 was applied intravaginally daily between 8 and 14 days after HSV-2 challenge. Delivery of HSV-2 shRNA-containing HSV-1 had no effect on the onset of disease and acute virus shedding in animals, but resulted in a significant reduction in both the cumulative recurrent lesion days and the number of days with recurrent disease. Around half of the animals in the HSV-2 shRNA group did not develop recurrent disease 100 days post HSV-2 infection. In conclusion, HSV-2 shRNA-containing HSV-1 particles are effective in reducing the recurrence of genital herpes caused by HSV-2.     

Antigen-specific CD8+ T cell subset distribution in lymph nodes draining the site of herpes simplex virus infection

Inoculation with replicating virus leads to an increase in T cell numbers within lymph nodes that drain the site of infection. This increase has been associated with a nonspecific proliferation of bystander cells, with only a minority thought to be directed to the infectious agent. Such an assumption is largely based on precursor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) estimations using limiting dilution analysis. Recently, studies using more advanced molecular approaches have suggested that such functionally derived precursor frequencies considerably underestimate the proportion of T cells specific for the antigen under investigation. We have defined T cell receptor sequences characteristic of CTL populations directed to a dominant determinant of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein B (gB). In this investigation, we used this receptor signature as a probe to directly monitor changes occurring within lymph nodes draining the sites of active infection with HSV. We found that although lymph node CD8⁺ T cell numbers increase as a consequence of HSV infection, the majority of these cells are small resting cells that are not enriched for gB-specific receptors. In contrast, a significant proportion of activated T cells are highly enriched for CTL bearing gB-specific receptors. Our results are therefore consistent with a nonspecific migration of CTL precursors into the lymph nodes draining the site of infection, followed by the activation and proliferation of the antigen-specific subset that normally makes up a small proportion of the naive T cell repertoire.     

Effects of linker-insertion mutations in herpes simplex virus 1 gD on glycoprotein-induced fusion with cells expressing HVEM or nectin-1

Several cell surface molecules, including HVEM and nectin-1, can serve as entry receptors for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and as receptors for virus-induced or viral glycoprotein-induced cell fusion. The viral ligand for these receptors is the HSV envelope glycoprotein gD. A set of linker-insertion and deletion mutants of HSV type 1 (HSV-1) gD was analyzed for effects of the mutations on binding of gD to HVEM and nectin-1, on viral glycoprotein-induced cell fusion with target cells expressing HVEM or nectin-1 and on complementation of infectivity of a gD-null HSV-1 viral mutant. Insertions after amino acid 151 or 225 or deletion of amino acids 234-244 disrupted (i) binding of the mutant forms of gD to both receptors and (ii) functional interactions (cell fusion and complementation) with both receptors, but were without effect on cell surface expression. Insertions in the N-terminal domain of gD (after amino acid 12, 34 or 43) disrupted binding to HVEM and functional activities with HVEM, as expected from a previously reported X-ray structure of a gD-HVEM complex, but were without effect in the case of nectin-1. These and other results indicate that the mutations disruptive of interactions with both receptors probably affect conformations of contact sites that are different for each receptor.