瑞舒伐他汀钙对冠心病伴有高脂血症患者的临床疗效及其对血脂和血糖水平改善的影响

目的:评价瑞舒伐他汀钙对冠心病伴有高脂血症患者的临床疗效及其对血脂和血糖水平改善的影响。方法:选取2017年1—12月期间医院收治的冠心病合并高脂血症患者65例资料,按治疗方法的不同将其分为参照组(32例)和观察组(33例);参照组患者给予常规药物即烟酸肌醇酯片治疗,观察组患者给予瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗,比较两组患者治疗后的总有效率的差异,以及治疗前后血脂指标即总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇((LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平以及血糖指标即空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平测得值的变化情况。结果:观察组患者治疗后的总有效率高于参照组(P<0.05);两组患者治疗前的TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、FPG、2 h PG和HbA1c水平测得值经组间比较其差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后的TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、2 h PG和HbA1c水平测得值均低于治疗前(P<0.05),HDL-C水平测得值高于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后的TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、2 h PG和HbA1c水平测得值均低于参照组(P<0.05),而HDL-C水平测得值高于参照组(P<0.05)。结论:采用瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗冠心病合并高脂血症患者的疗效优于烟酸肌醇酯片的疗效,有效改善了其血脂与血糖各指标水平。     

2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白与血脂血糖间的关系研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白水平与血脂、血糖之间的关系。方法采集来我院健康体检的2型糖尿病患者及健康人体检资料各200例,统计其糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FBG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)等各项指标,对两组的检测结果进行比较,分析糖化血红蛋白与各项检测结果是否具有相关性。结果 2型糖尿病组的HbA1c、FBG、TG、TC及LDL-C明显高于健康对照组,HDL-C则低于健康对照组,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组HbA1c与TC,LDL-C,HDL-C的关系不明显。结论 2型糖尿病患者血脂异常的发生率显著高于正常人,其血中HbA1c与FBG、TG存在正相关关系,与TC,HDL-C、LDL-C关系不明显。HbA1c、血糖和血脂联合检测对糖尿病及其并发症的早期发现和治疗有着重要意义。     

胰岛素注射方式对2型糖尿病KK小鼠血脂的影响

目的:观察胰岛素腹腔和皮下给药对2型糖尿病模型(KK小鼠)血脂的影响。方法:选择空腹血糖高于20 mmol/mL的KK小鼠作为2型糖尿病模型,分为腹腔给药组(腹腔给药组,n=9)和皮下给药组(皮下给药组,n=9)。C57BL小鼠作为正常对照(正常对照组,n=10)。2型糖尿病KK小鼠连续给予高糖高脂饮食4周,同时IP组每日一次注射胰岛素0.3 mL,皮下给药组每日一次注射胰岛素0.4 mL(速效胰岛素?精蛋白锌胰岛素=2?1),以维持空腹血糖正常(6.0±1.5)mmol/L。结果:胰岛素治疗2~4周,腹腔胰岛素给药可使2型糖尿病KK小鼠血清TG、TC、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的浓度达到正常水平。皮下胰岛素给药只能使TC达到正常水平。结论:与胰岛素皮下给药相比,腹腔胰岛素给药能够更有效地纠正2型糖尿病KK小鼠脂代谢异常。     

牡丹籽油降血脂、降血糖作用的实验研究

目的研究牡丹籽油对高脂血症大鼠的作用,并观察对糖尿病小鼠及小鼠糖耐量的影响。方法高脂饲料喂养SD雄性大鼠建立高脂血症模型,造模同时连续灌胃给药30 d,检测各组大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的水平;尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶诱导高血糖小鼠模型,连续灌胃给药30 d,检测小鼠血糖值;正常小鼠连续给药30 d后,灌胃葡萄糖溶液(2.5 g·kg-1),于给糖前及给糖后30、60、120 min分别检测血糖含量变化。结果高脂血症大鼠在灌胃给予牡丹籽油30 d后,低剂量组TC水平显著降低,高剂量组TG水平明显降低,且HDL-C值显著升高;牡丹籽油各剂量组均显著降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖值,且呈现一定的剂量依赖性;糖耐量实验发现,牡丹籽油可降低正常小鼠的血糖水平,在给糖30 min时的降糖作用最为明显。结论牡丹籽油可降低高脂血症大鼠的血脂水平,同时具有降低糖尿病小鼠血糖、改善正常小鼠糖耐量的作用。     

复方苦豆子颗粒对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响

目的:观察复方苦豆子颗粒对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响。方法:除空白对照组外,用喂饲高脂饲料法复制大鼠高脂模型,实验分空白对照组、高脂模型组、复方苦豆子颗粒组(低、中、高剂量组,分别喂饲生药7g.kg-1.d-1、15g.kg-1.d-1、22g.kg-1.d-1)、血脂康组(0.8g.kg-1.d-1),给药后每4wk抽1次血,连续3次,分别测定血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。结果:高脂模型组血浆TC、TG、LDL-C、VLDL-C、HDL-C和MDA含量显著上升,同时动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)增加;给予复方苦豆子颗粒4wk后,各组血浆TC、TG、LDL-C、VLDL-C、MDA及AI水平均降低,且呈剂量依赖性。结论:复方苦豆子颗粒对高脂血症大鼠具有调血脂作用。     

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝和血脂、体脂成分的相关性研究

目的:研究2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)与血脂、体脂成分的相关性.方法:选取2020年1月到2020年12月182例2型糖尿病就诊患者,将其分为对照组和实验组,对照组为单纯2型糖尿病患者90例;实验组为2型糖尿病合并NAFLD患者92例.统计患者年龄、性别、BMI、空腹静脉血,检测空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度胆固醇(HDL-C),通过Pearson相关性分析FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C与T2DM合并NAFLD的相关性.结果:对照组与实验组中患者年龄、性别等无显著差异(P>0.05);实验组中患者FPG、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC及TG均高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:T2DM合并NAFLD患者FPG、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC及TG增高,提示血脂可能与T2DM合并NAFLD发病呈正相关.     

联合检测血脂各组分对2型糖尿病并冠心病预测的意义

目的探讨联合检测血脂各组分对糖尿病并冠心病(CHD)预测的意义。方法选取2型糖尿病并CHD患者64例作为观察组,另选取单纯2型糖尿病患者32例作为对照组,检测2组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、脂蛋白(a)[LP(a)]指标,并对2组进行Gensini评分。结果观察组TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB、LP(a)水平及Gensini评分均高于对照组,HDL-C、ApoA1、ApoA1/ApoB比值均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。观察组各组分与Gensini积分进行相关分析示除ApoA1、HDL-C与其呈负相关,其余指标[TC、TG、LDL-C、Lp(a)、ApoB]均与其呈正相关;观察组各血脂异常中ApoB及LDL-C异常所占比重较大。结论糖尿病并CHD患者脂代谢紊乱明显,血脂各组分与糖尿病并CHD有密切关系,尤其与ApoB及LDL-C关系密切。     

消栓降脂丸对高脂血症模型大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的:观察消栓降脂丸对高脂血症模型大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为6组,喂饲高脂饲料建立高脂血症模型,各组按规定预防给药,14d后测总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白(apo)A1、apoB100、全血黏度等血脂和血液流变学各项指标水平。结果:消栓降脂丸能明显降低高脂血症大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C、apoB100水平(P<0.05),升高HDL-C、apoA1含量和apoA1/apoB100比值(P<0.05);能有效改善血液流变学多项指标(P<0.05)。结论:消栓降脂丸能有效调节高脂血症大鼠脂代谢紊乱及改善血液流变学,值得进一步研究开发和临床应用。     

小牛血清去蛋白注射液对2型糖尿病合并脑梗死模型大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:观察小牛血清去蛋白注射液(DCBI)对2型糖尿病合并脑梗死模型大鼠血糖、血脂代谢的影响及其对胰岛素抵抗(IR)的改善作用。方法:大鼠用高脂高糖饮食伴尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素复制2型糖尿病模型,成功后再建立大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型,分为模型组、假手术组、DCBI(低、高剂量,30、60mg·kg-1·d-1,腹腔注射)组和对照药罗格列酮组;并设立正常组。各组给予相应试药5周后,测定空腹血糖(FBG)、血清胰岛素(FI NS)、糖耐量(OGTT)水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)水平。结果:与模型组比较,DCBI治疗后可显著降低2型糖尿病合并脑梗死模型大鼠FBG水平及增强糖耐量(P<0.01),对FI NS水平的改变不明显(P>0.05);改善机体对胰岛素的抵抗性(P<0.01或P<0.05);并明显降低TC、TG、LDL-C、NEFA水平及升高HDL-C水平(P<0.01),改善高脂状态。结论:DCBI可降低2型糖尿病合并脑梗死模型大鼠血糖,调节血脂代谢紊乱,具有改善IR的作用。     

绞股蓝50%乙醇部位调血脂及抗氧化作用研究

目的研究绞股蓝50%乙醇部位对高脂血症小鼠的调血脂及抗氧化作用。方法采用高脂饲料喂养昆明雄性小鼠,建立高血脂模型,给药30 d,测定小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,计算脏器指数、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、动脉硬化指数(AI)和血清HDL-C/TC比值,并观察肝脏病理切片。结果绞股蓝50%乙醇部位能显著降低高脂血症小鼠TC,TG,LDL-C,MDA的含量和AI值,提高血清SOD,HDL-C/TC比值,HDL-C水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。除肝指数外(P<0.05),绞股蓝50%乙醇部位对肾指数和脾指数均无显著性影响(P>0.05),但能显著降低高脂血症小鼠的体重(P<0.05)。结论绞股蓝50%乙醇部位能显著降低高脂血症小鼠的TC和MDA,有显著的调血脂及抗氧化作用。     

乳酸菌对DSS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎小鼠肠道通透性影响

目的观察乳酸菌制剂对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)小鼠肠黏膜通透性影响。方法采用葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导小鼠UC模型。小白鼠60只分为4个组,正常对照组、模型对照组、乳酸菌1组、乳酸菌2组。乳酸菌1组、2组用菌液灌胃,正常对照组模型对照用0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃。9 d后各组小鼠每日记录疾病活动指数(DAI)评分,观察小鼠结肠黏膜组织学改变,应用酶联免疫法检测小鼠血D-乳酸含量。结果与模型组比较,乳酸菌1组、2组小鼠DAI与组织学损伤评分(CMDI)均下降(P<0.01),血D-乳酸的含量明显降低(P<0.01),乳酸菌1组、2组各指标差异无统计学意义。结论乳酸菌制剂灌胃可降低溃疡性结肠炎小鼠结肠黏膜通透性。     

调q激光治疗黄褐斑鼠模型的病理实验研究

目的:研究调q激光治疗户外紫外线(UVB)诱导的黄褐斑豚鼠模型的效果及可能机制。方法:选取UVB诱导的黄褐斑模型豚鼠20只,随机分为实验组(调q激光治疗组)和对照组(氢醌治疗组),每组各10只。实验组予以调q激光治疗,对照组给予氢醌治疗。4个月后观察各组豚鼠皮损变化及皮损组织病理改变。结果:实验组与对照组相比,皮损肉眼观及组织病理免疫组化表现均明显改善。结论:调q激光治疗黄褐斑豚鼠疗效显著,可能与调q激光选择性破坏黑素细胞、减少黑色素生成有关。     

一种新的香烟烟雾暴露装置的建立

目的建立一种新的香烟烟雾暴露装置,并构建COPD模型以检测该装置的有效性。方法 40只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为①对照组10只,饲养3个月;②模型组30只,分设3组,分别予以香烟烟雾暴露1、2、3个月。取支气管肺组织,HE染色后观察病理变化。结果随着烟雾暴露时间的延长,模型组小鼠的肺组织逐渐出现典型的COPD病理改变。结论该装置适用于大、小鼠COPD模型的构建。     

怡欣乐口服液安全性评介及升高外周血白细胞的实验研究

目的:研究中药制剂怡欣乐口服液(YXL)的安全性评价和升高外周白细胞的作用机理.方法:按照新药审批办法有关规定,分别运用小鼠和大鼠进行了YXL急性和长期毒性实验;分别采用环磷酰胺、苯中毒及60Co-r辐射等因素诱发小鼠外周血白细胞总数低下运动模型,观察YXL对模型小鼠外周血白细胞数的影响.结果:以最大浓度、最大体积的Y...     

维甲酸致小鼠骨质疏松模型的骨组织计量学研究

目的：建立一种简便易行耗时较少的小鼠骨质疏松模型。方法：将20只小鼠随机分成对照组和维甲酸灌胃组，2周后处死小鼠，利用骨组织计量学方法研究维甲酸对小鼠胫骨的影响。结果：给药组小鼠小梁骨体积明显减少。小梁板厚度减少，且空间结构也发生改变。结论：维甲酸可用于建立小鼠骨质疏松模型。     

Effect of PA-MSHA vaccine on plasma phospholipids metabolic profiling and the ratio of Th2/Th1 cells within immune organ of mouse IgA nephropathy

Phospholipids as a class of important constituents in the biomembranes have been paid increasing attention in many fields. IgA nephropathy is now generally known to be the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis in the world. However, phospholipids metabolism in IgA nephropathy was not clear. Until recently, there was no effective treatment available for patients with IgA nephropathy. In this paper, effect of PA-MSHA vaccine on plasma phospholipid metabolic profile of mouse IgA nephropathy was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and principal components analysis (PCA). Female Balb/c mice were divided into four groups: model group, control group, PA-MSHA treatment group and medicine control group (dipyridamole+common threewingnut root). The experimental IgA nephropathy model was established by the immunity combination method of oral BSA and injection of SEB. It was found that combination of LC/MS technology with PCA can be successfully applied to phospholipids profile analysis, clearly classify the model group and normal group, and PA-MSHA treatment group is closer to the normal control group than medicine control group. The result showed that Th(2)/Th(1) (=CD(4)(+)CD(30)(+)/CD(4)(+)CD(30)(-)) of the model group is 20.70+/-3.57, which is significantly higher than that of the control group (1.34+/-0.14) (P<0.001). The Th(2)/Th(1) ratio of the PA-MSHA treatment group and the medicine control group are lower than that of the model group (P<0.01). It is suggested that mouse IgA nephropathy has the phospholipids metabolic abnormality, PA-MSHA vaccine cannot only regulate the abnormal phospholipids metabolism mouse with the IgA nephropathy, but also correct the over unbalance of Th(2)/Th(1) proportion.     

Diphenyl diselenide and ascorbic acid changes deposition of selenium and ascorbic acid in liver and brain of mice

Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) is the selenium form used in the composition of dietary supplements, and diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 is an important intermediate in organic synthesis, which increases the risk of human exposure to this chemical in the workplace. These compounds have been reported to inhibit the cerebral and hepatic aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) in vitro, and now we show that ascorbic acid can reverse some alterations caused by in vivo selenium exposure, but not ALA-D inhibition. The effect of Na2SeO3 or (PhSe)2 and ascorbic acid on selenium distribution, total non-protein thiol, ascorbic acid content (liver and brain) and haemoglobin was also examined. Mice were exposed to 250 micromol/kg (PhSe)2, or 18.75 micromol/kg Na2SeO3 subcutaneously, and to ascorbic acid, twice a day, 1 mmol/kg intraperitonially, for 10 days. Hepatic ALA-D of mice treated with (PhSe)2 was inhibited about 58% and similar results were observed in the animals that received ascorbic acid supplementation (P<0.01, for (PhSe)2-treated and (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid-treated mice). The haemoglobin content decreased after treatment with (PhSe)2 (P<0.01). However, the haemoglobin content of the (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid group was significantly higher than in the (PhSe)2-treated mice (P<0.05), and similar to control (P>0.10). Ascorbic acid treatment decreased significantly the hepatic and cerebral deposition of Se in (PhSe)2-exposed mice (P<0.01). Hepatic non-protein thiol content was not changed by treatment with (PhSe)2, ascorbic acid or (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid. Hepatic content of ascorbic acid was twice that in mice that received (PhSe)2, independent of ascorbic acid treatment (P<0.001). The results of this study suggest that vitamin C may have a protective role in organodiselenide intoxication.     

改良愈疡方对溃疡性结肠炎模型小鼠抗炎作用机制的研究

目的探讨改良愈疡方对右旋葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的溃疡性结肠炎模型小鼠抗炎作用机制。方法40只雄性C57BL／6小鼠除正常组外,采用口服DSS造模后,按完全随机法分为模型组、治疗组、对照组,每组10只;正常组和模型组均用0．9％氯化钠溶液灌肠,治疗组动物给与中药灌肠,对照组给与柳氮磺胺吡啶灌肠共14d。进行结肠肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α水平测定及通过免疫组化检测TNF-α在结肠组织中的表达。结果对照组、治疗组治疗前与模型组基本相同,治疗后治疗组的大便较成形、血便及体质量减轻较不明显,一般情况优于模型组及对照组（P＜0．05）。SS小鼠结肠炎结肠组织中TNF-α较正常组显著增高（P＜0．05）,用中药治疗组则显著降低,且优于对照组（P＜0．05）。同时,在模型组小鼠结肠组织中,TNF—α表达主要见于黏膜和黏膜下层,主要集中在靠近糜烂或溃疡的周边,小血管扩张的周围,也相对增多,治疗组TNF-α阳性细胞明显减少,与模型组及对照组比较均有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论改良愈疡方对溃疡性结肠炎模型小鼠具有良好的治疗作用,其作用机制是通过降低TNF-α含量。抑制炎症有关。     

Selenium and drug metabolism--II. Independence of glutathione peroxidase and reversibility of hepatic enzyme modulations in deficient mice

Male mice were fed a diet containing less than 0.01 ppm selenium (Se-) for 6 months. A control group received the same diet containing 0.5 ppm selenium (Se+). In the livers of the Se- animals a drastic decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was observed. It reached undetectable levels after 17 days of the Se- diet. At that time, GSH-transferase activity began to increase significantly, followed by changes in many other enzyme activities. After the 60th day, these enzyme modulations had reached a plateau with the following percentage changes compared to controls: GSH-transferases: 320% (1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene), 218% (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene); glutathione reductase: 160%; ethoxycoumarin deethylase: 330%; cytochrome P-450-hydroperoxidase: 230%; heme oxygenase: 240%; UDP-glucuronyltransferase: 200%; GSH-thioltransferase: 64%; sulphotransferase: 62%; NADPH-cytochrome-P-450-reductase: 65%; flavin-containing mono-oxygenase: 57%. No significant changes were observed for GSH-transferase activity assayed with ethacrynic acid or for microsomal H2O2 formation and aniline hydroxylase activity. In single-pulse repletion experiments by injection of 250 micrograms selenium/kg body wt, different individual time constants for the recovery process of the enzymatic perturbations were observed. The half-times for the recovery ranged from 5.7 hr for the microsomal NADPH-cytochrome-P-450 reductase to over 29 hr for GSH-Px up to 44 hr for part of the GSH-transferase activity. 250 micrograms selenium/kg body wt were needed to restore 50% of GSH-Px activity in the long-term Se- mice compared to Se+ controls. All other enzymatic changes in the Se- mice needed a dose of 7 micrograms selenium/kg body wt for 50% restorage . The results demonstrate that processes other than those related to GSH-Px take place in a later phase of selenium deficiency in mouse liver with a chronologically common beginning. The different repletion and depletion kinetics as well as the different need of these processes for the trace element are discussed with respect to the existence of two separate selenium pools.     

新型表位基因疫苗的构建及对小鼠黑色素瘤的影响

目的：构建以MAGE-1（161—169）为表位的癌症基因疫苗并检测其抗小鼠黑色素瘤效果。方法：构建基因疫苗pcDNA—HSP70-MAGE—l（161-169）,并免疫C57BL／6小鼠。最后一次免疫后第2周,接种小鼠黑色素瘤细胞。于肿瘤细胞接种后14d,处死全部动物,称量肿瘤的重量。采用ELISA法对小鼠血清中抗MAGE-1-IgG类抗体及小鼠原代脾淋巴细胞IFN-7释放水平进行检测。结果：pcDNA-HSP70-MAGE-1（161—169）表位基因疫苗能够成功地诱发机体产生抗MAGE-1的特异性抗体,并能在体内起到抗小鼠黑色素瘤作用,抑瘤率为40．7％。同时还能提高约3．05倍的小鼠原代脾淋巴细胞IFN-7释放量。结论：pcDNA-HSP70-MAGE-1（161-169）有望成为有效的抗小鼠黑色素瘤基因疫苗。