抗抑郁药诱导大鼠不同脑区的c—fos基因表达

采用免疫组织化学方法,结合计算机图形分析技术,研究一次或长期给予抗抑郁药后大鼠不同脑区Ｃ－ＦＯＳ免疫反应。结果显示：（１）一次给药后额叶皮质,扣带回,嗅结节岛纹状体四个部位的免疫反应阳性细胞数量显著增加;（２）长期给药组额皮质,乳头体核,杏仁核和纹状体四个部位的Ｃ－ＦＯＳ免疫反应阳性细胞数显著增加;     

抗抑郁药降低大鼠脑部分区域5-HT免疫反应性

目的　进一步探讨抗抑郁药对 5羟色胺 (5 HT)的作用。方法　采用免疫组织化学方法 ,对一次和长期给予 4种抗抑郁药的大鼠进行研究。结果　①一次给药后 ,仅氟西汀降低大鼠海马和丘脑 5 HT免疫反应性 ;②长期给药组中 ,4种抗抑郁药均能降低大鼠额叶、海马、丘脑、脑干和小脑的 5 HT免疫反应性。结论　抗抑郁药可能不同程度地抑制 5 HT再摄取 ,减少细胞内 5 HT浓度     

大鼠慢性吗啡处理后不同时间部分脑区腺苷酸环化酶Ⅷ基因表达的变化

目的　研究慢性吗啡处理的大鼠停药后不同时间部分脑区腺苷酸环化酶Ⅷ (ACⅧ )基因表达水平的变化。方法　将 2 4只雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠随机等分为吗啡依赖组 (吗啡组 ;在大鼠腹腔内注射盐酸吗啡 ,2次 /d ;起始剂量为 5mg/kg ,逐日递增 5mg ,至第 10天为 5 0mg/kg)及生理盐水对照组 (对照组 ;用相同方式注射同体积的生理盐水 ) ,于末次注射后 3h及 72h处死 (每组每时间点各 6只 ) ,取中脑腹侧被盖区 (VTA)、伏隔核 (NAc)、中脑导水管灰质 (PAG)、杏仁核 (AMG)、海马CA1区 (HIPCA1)等脑组织。利用组织原位杂交技术检测各脑区ACⅧmRNA的吸光度 (A)值 ,并作同期平行比较。结果　 (1)末次注射 3h ,吗啡组NAc、PAG、AMG、HIPCA1的A值 (依次为 0 2 4 8±0 0 0 7、0 2 5 6± 0 0 11、0 2 6 8± 0 0 2 0、0 2 79± 0 0 16 )高于对照组 (依次为 0 2 34± 0 0 11、0 2 4 0±0 0 11、0 2 4 0± 0 0 11、0 2 5 1± 0 0 13;P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,两组VTA的A值的差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。 (2 )末次注射 72h ,吗啡组NAc、AMG的A值 (0 2 4 3± 0 0 0 7、0 2 5 2± 0 0 0 7)高于对照组(0 2 2 5± 0 0 12、0 2 2 5± 0 0 11;P <0 0 1) ,VTA、PAG的A值 (0 2 30± 0 0 10、0 2 2 8± 0 0     

抗抑郁药的安全性

本文从抗抑郁药治疗应用中的毒副反应和过量中毒两个方面讨论了抗抑郁药的安全性问题。     

妊娠期抗抑郁药的安全性

本文综述了妊娠期抗抑郁药使用安全性的研究进展。     

妊娠期抗抑郁药的安全性

本文综述了妊娠期抗抑郁药使用安全性的研究进展。     

实验性脑出血大鼠急性期不同脑区及心肌内皮素mRNA的动态表达

目的探讨内皮素（ET）在脑心综合征发病机制中的作用.方法利用组织原位杂交技术检测实验性脑出血大鼠的中枢心血管特定调节区域及心肌ETmRNA表达的动态变化,并对阳性反应物进行图像定量分析.结果实验性脑出血可迅速诱导ET基因在脑出血周围区、下丘脑、脑干、海马、心肌的异常表达.脑出血6 h即可见ET mRNA表达上调,到24 h达高峰,72 h时段虽略有减少,但仍高于正常水平.同时心肌的ET表达增多.结论脑出血周围区及中枢心血管调节区域的ET过多释放,这可能是脑心综合征的病理基础之一.     

抗抑郁药与信号转导的研究进展

细胞代谢、生长、增殖、癌变的调控与生物信息分子如激素、神经递质、细胞 (生长 )因子、癌蛋白及某些药物等所携带的生物信息在细胞内的传递密切相关。细胞内信号转导通路系统是一个错综复杂的网络系统 ,对这一系统的认识 ,可使我们了解抑郁症的发病机制、抗抑郁药的作用位点 ,为新药物的研制提供思路。一、信息在细胞内传递的主要途径1 腺苷酸环化酶 (ＡＣ)途径及环磷酸腺苷 (ｃＡＭＰ)途径 (β受体途径 ) :ＡＣ系统是一类分布广泛、种类繁多、组成复杂的膜蛋白酶系 ,它由激素受体 (Ｒ)、三磷酸鸟苷结合蛋白 (ＧＴＰ结合蛋白 ,Ｇ蛋白 )和…     

抗抑郁药用于精神分裂症的利与弊

介绍抗抑郁药用于精神分裂症的现状,认为并非所有的精神分裂症患者都不可以联合抗抑郁药,但是应该掌握适应证.     

抗抑郁药与自杀危险性

本文综述了各种抗抑郁药与自杀相关性的研究进展。     

C-fos gene expression in rat brain around birth: effect of asphyxia and catecholamines

At birth, the mammalian nervous system must adapt rapidly to the new conditions it encounters in the extra-uterine environment. One aspect of this adaptation, known as arousal, is mediated by catecholamines, the levels of which in the brain increase rapidly after birth. The pattern of gene expression also changes. Shortly after birth, expression of the immediate early gene c-fos, known to reflect general neural activity, is up-regulated. Furthermore, asphyxia often occurs in connection with birth. In order to examine the effects of this phenomenon on the expression of c-fos, as well as on the rate of noradrenaline (NA) turnover, asphyxia was induced in rat pups delivered by caesarean section. Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization revealed that the increase in expression of c-fos in certain areas of the brain was greatly enhanced by asphyxia of moderate duration; whereas more prolonged asphyxia lowered the level of c-fos mRNA. Asphyxia had a similar effect on the rate of NA turnover. Adrenergic receptor antagonists administered prior to birth attenuated the birth-related induction of c-fos mRNA. However, the potentiation of c-fos expression by asphyxia was not altered by these antagonists. Therefore, we propose that while catecholamines play an important role in the induction of c-fos in the brain at birth, the effects of asphyxia involve a different mechanism.     

局灶脑缺血后胰岛素对c-fos、c-jun基因表达的影响

目的　观察胰岛素对局灶缺血性脑组织 c- fos、c- jun基因表达的影响。方法　 30只肾血管性高血压大鼠随机分 4组 ,在大脑中动脉闭塞 (MCAO)后即予胰岛素 (2 .1IU / kg,A组 )、葡萄糖和胰岛素 (2 .1IU / kg,B组 ;4.5 IU / kg,C组 )、生理盐水 (D组 ) ,采用原位杂交技术检测各组 MCAO后 3h脑组织 c- fos、c- jun基因的表达。结果　与其它组比较 ,A组血糖下降明显 (P<0 .0 1) ,MCAO后 1h、2 h、3h分别为 3.80± 0 .3mm ol/ L、3.6 8± 0 .3mm ol/L、3.6 9± 0 .3mm ol/ L。 c- fos m RNA被诱导出现于缺血侧皮层和尾壳核 ,C组 c- fos m RNA明显增加 (P<0 .0 1) ,皮层和尾壳核的灰度为 12 3.5 8± 8.72、141.0 8± 8.49;c- jun m RNA仅出现于缺血侧皮层 ,A、B、C组的 c- jun m RNA均增加明显 ,灰度分别为 171.82± 7.33、172 .5 6± 7.91、15 5 .0 9± 7.91,其中 C组的增加更为显著 (P<0 .0 1)。结论　胰岛素促进缺血脑组织 c- fos、c- jun基因表达可能是其神经保护作用机制之一。     

C-fos expression in the rat brain following lithium chloride-induced illness

The present study examined c-Fos expression in selected brain areas consequent to administration of lithium chloride, the typical illness-inducing agent used in laboratory studies of conditioned taste aversion. The results replicated previous findings of significant c-Fos expression in the parabrachial nucleus, the central nucleus of the amygdala and the basolateral amygdala. New findings indicate significant lithium-induced c-Fos in the gustatory region of the thalamus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis but not in the insular cortex. The results are discussed with respect to the neural substrates of conditioned taste aversion.     

Peripeduncular lesion alters expression of c-fos induced in the female rat brain by male mounting

In order to investigate the role of the peripeduncular nucleus (PP) in the control of lordosis in female rats, activation of neurons after mounts without intromission was investigated by means of FOS immunoreactivity (FOS-IR). Ovariectomized rats were injected with estradiol and progesterone and submitted to approximately 50 mounts by the male. The vaginal area was covered with masking tape to prevent intromission and vaginocervical stimulation. This limited stimulation produced FOS-IR in the ventrolateral division of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHVL), in the lateral periaqueductal grey (LPAG), in the peripeduncular nucleus (PP), and in the posterior intralaminar thalamic nucleus (PIL). No significant differences were found in the anterodorsal or posterodorsal parts of the medial amygdaloid nucleus, in the medial part of the medial preoptic nucleus, in the dorsomedial periaqueductal grey and in the medial division of the posterointermediate part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The same experiment was performed in rats with unilateral lesion of the PP. Both VMHVL and LPAG activation were significantly reduced in the ipsilateral PP lesion side, leading to the conclusion that those structures are primary targets for the somatic stimuli that trigger lordotic reflexes and which are relayed in the PP. Taking into account what is known about the function of the target structures, it is proposed that afferences relayed in the PP reaching the VMHVL would contribute to control the long range level of sexual receptivity, whereas stimuli reaching the LPAG would serve to control lordotic responses in a moment to moment fashion.     

Induction of Fos expression following anodal polarization in rat brain

Abstract Expression of c-fos immunoreactivity was investigated in rat brain after unilateral application of a weak anodal direct current (anodal polarization) to the sensorimotor cortex of rats. Increases in Fos-immunopositive neurons were observed transiently in the neocortex, cingulate cortex, piriform cortex, and hippocampal formation, which were ipsilateral to the polarization, as a function of the duration and intensity of the currrent applied. It is likely that anodal polarization enhances the neuronal activities in the cortex dependent on polarization paradigms.     

C-fos expression in the rat brain after intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride.

The distribution of evoked expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos was immunohistochemically examined in the rat brain after intraperitoneal injection of isotonic LiCl, which is commonly used to induce internal malaise in the conditioned taste aversion paradigm. C-fos-like immunoreactive neurones (c-fos neurones) were most densely observed in the central amygdaloid nucleus, external lateral subnucleus of the parabrachial nucleus (PBN), posteromedial and commissural parts of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) and area postrema (AP). Experiments including vagotomy, intravenous injection of LiCl and lesions of the area postrema suggest that NTS neurones are activated via both sides of the vagus nerves, while AP neurones, humorally as well as neurally via the vagal nerve with a right side predominance. The activated NTS and AP neurones project mainly to the external lateral subnucleus of the PBN and lightly to the central lateral subnucleus of the PBN. These results are discussed in terms of the role of LiCl in the formation of conditioned taste aversion.     

TIS gene expression in cultured rat astrocytes: multiple pathways of induction by mitogens

Accumulation of TIS1 and TIS11 (Lim et al.: Oncogene 1:263-270, 1987) mRNAs in secondary cultures of rat neocortical astrocytes was much greater in response to tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) than in response to either epidermal growth factor (EGF) or fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In contrast, EGF, FGF, and TPA were equally effective in inducing accumulation of TIS8 and TIS28/c-fos mRNAs. These data suggested that TPA and the polypeptide mitogens might induce TIS gene expression by distinct pathways. When maximally inducing concentrations of EGF and FGF were co-administered to astrocyte cultures, TIS mRNA accumulations were no greater than those observed for the individual growth factors, suggesting that EGF and FGF saturate a common, limiting step in their induction pathways. In contrast, when either EGF or FGF was presented to astrocytes in combination with maximally inducing levels of TPA, the resulting levels of accumulation of TIS mRNAs were at least as great as the sum of the levels induced by the individual mitogens. Stimulation of [3H]-thymidine incorporation demonstrated an identical pattern of interaction; EGF and FGF co-administration was no more effective than either polypeptide mitogen alone, but, when presented to astrocyte cultures along with maximally inducing concentrations of TPA, either EGF or FGF was able to increase incorporation of [3H]-thymidine. Superinduction of all the TIS genes occurred if cycloheximide (CHX) was present during TPA exposure. Once again, two distinct classes of responses of the various TIS genes occurred; superinduction of TIS1, TIS7, TIS11, and TIS28/c-fos mRNA accumulation ranged from 10- to 20-fold, while CHX superinduction of TIS8 and TIS10 was far more modest, ranging from 2- to 3-fold.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)