NXY-059: a neuroprotective agent in acute stroke

Free radicals play an important role in secondary processes in ischaemic brain injury. Disodium 4-[(tert-butylimino) methyl] benzene-1,3-disulphonate N-oxide (NXY-059) is a nitrone-based free radical trapping agent. Findings from animal stroke models showed that NXY-059 is a potent neuroprotective agent that has a large window of therapeutic opportunity and long-lasting effects. Therefore, NXY-059 may be used as a monotherapy agent for treatment of acute stroke. NXY-059 may also be used as an adjunct agent to thrombolytic therapy, as it can reduce tissue plasminogen activator-induced haemorrhage in ischaemic stroke.     

Computerized telethermographic assessment in migraine, with particular reference to the prodromal phase

We have studied the angular orbit and supraorbital arteries in 58 patients with classic migraine (36 females, 22 males; age (means), 43.5 years). A Dorex telethermograph apparatus, which utilizes the infrared radiations emitted by a patient, was used. The individual is placed at standard distance, and the temperature and humidity of the environment are kept constant. Three thermographic tests were performed in each patient: the first in basal condition, the other during the visual and/or sensory aura, and the last during the pain phase. The skin temperature levels decreased during the prodromal phase and increased during the migraine attack as compared with the levels obtained in basal conditions. There were significant asymmetries during the pain phase.     

Autonomic dysfunction in tetanus: The effects of a variety of therapeutic agents,with special reference to morphine

Summary Sympathetic overactivity in tetanus is a common event and may be difficult to control. This report demonstrates the efficacy of morphine in this clinical situation and also discusses the sympathetic effects of 3 muscle relaxants, pancuronium, d-tubocurarine and alcuronium.     

补肾活血和泻下方药及其配伍对老龄大鼠脑缺血自由基损伤的影响

目的 :从自由基损伤方面研究老年大鼠脑缺血的发病机制和中药的防治作用。方法 :青年大鼠分为青年对照组、青年模型组 ;老龄大鼠分为老龄对照组、老龄模型组、尼莫地平组、大黄组、益元活血组及益元活血大黄组。观察脑缺血模型大鼠脑电图幅值、脑含水量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)和一氧化氮 (NO)含量的变化。结果 :1青年和老龄模型组脑电图幅值以及血清与脑组织 SOD活性分别较青年和老龄对照组降低(P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,而脑含水量、MDA和 NO含量增高 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。 2与青年模型组比较 ,老龄模型组脑电图幅值以及血清与脑组织 SOD活性降低 ,脑含水量、脑组织 MDA及血清 NO含量增高(P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。 3与老龄模型组比较 ,用药各组脑电图幅值以及血清 SOD活性提高 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,脑含水量、脑组织 MDA含量下降 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。大黄组血清和脑组织 NO水平降低 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论 :青年和老龄大鼠脑缺血损伤与自由基损伤有关 ,老龄大鼠较青年大鼠严重 ,其机制与增龄有一定的关系。补肾活血方药和泻下方药及其配伍通过拮抗自由基损伤、改善 NO代谢而对老龄大鼠脑缺血损伤有一定的保护作用。     

Soil nutrient-vegetation relationships in the Eden area,N.S.W.: III. Foliage nutrient relationships with particular reference to Eucalyptus subgenera

Foliar nutrient concentrations were determined for the dominant tree species occurring on plots established during a previously reported soil survey in the Eden area. Generally, within-species nutrient variation was low and few significant correlations were found between soil nutrient levels and foliar concentrations for individual species. However, foliar nutrient concentrations differed significantly between species and when the data for all species were pooled, significant relationships were found between foliar phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, potassium and sulphur levels and soil chemical properties. The species with the higher foliage nutrient concentrations were clearly associated with the more fertile soils. Eucalypt subgenera are considered in relation to their ecology and nutrition, and distinctive relationships are concluded to exist between site nutrition and the distribution of Eucalyptus subgeneric groups.