三七皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1与Rb1口服吸收及其体内药代动力学的研究和比较

分别考察三七总皂苷(PNS)在大鼠灌胃和静脉给药后的人参皂苷Rg₁(Rg₁)、人参皂苷Rb₁(Rb₁)的胆汁排泄；采用平衡透析法测定药物的血浆蛋白结合率；并结合药代动力学的实验结果，研究和比较Rg₁与Rb₁的口服吸收及其体内药代动力学性质。结果表明，静脉给药后10 h，Rg₁及Rb₁胆汁排泄累积量分别为给药剂量的(61.48±18.30)%和(3.94±1.49)%；灌胃给药后12 h，Rg₁及Rb₁胆汁排泄累积量分别为给药剂量的(0.91±0.51)%和(0.055±0.02)%。Rg₁及Rb₁的血浆蛋白结合率分别为6.56%～12.74%和80.11%～89.69%。Rg₁的胃、肠和肝的通过率(F_S，F_I和F_H)分别为49.85%，13.05%和50.56%；Rb₁分别为25.82%，4.18%和65.77%。因此，肠壁吸收差是Rg₁和Rb₁生物利用度低的主要原因。Rg₁具有较高的胆汁排泄和较低的血浆蛋白结合率，Rb₁的胆汁排泄较低，而血浆蛋白结合率较高。Rb₁的肠黏膜透过性和体内消除速度都低于Rg₁，但前者的平均滞留时间(MRT)和血药浓度曲线下面积(AUC)均大于后者。     

三七皂苷的口服吸收机制

目的研究三七总皂苷(PNS)的口服吸收机制。方法采用Caco-2细胞和动物等模型研究PNS中人参皂苷Rb_l(Rb_l)和人参皂苷Rg_l(Rg_l)的胃肠道内稳定性、肠道黏膜吸收机制及吸收过程中胃、肠及肝对药物的影响。结果Rb_l和Rg_l在胃液酸性环境下易被破坏，而在近中性环境内基本保持稳定。Rb_l和Rg_l在大肠内容物中易降解，尤以Rb_l降解较为明显；二者在小肠内容物中则相对稳定。Rb_l和Rg_l在Caco-2细胞层的摄取受温度的影响，而pH的变化及环孢菌素A的加入对二者摄取均无显著性影响。在实验考察的浓度范围内，细胞内Rb_l(或Rg_l)的摄取量随Rb_l(或Rg_l)的浓度的增加而呈线性增加，Rb_l(或Rg_l)单体与总皂苷中的Rb_l(或Rg_l)在Caco-2细胞模型中的吸收特性无明显差异。而Rg_l的细胞摄取量［(1.07±0.16) μg·mg^-1(protein)］(C₀=1 mg·mL^-1)相对Rb_l［(0.77±0.03) μg·mg^-1(protein)］(C₀=1 mg·mL^-1)较高。Caco-2细胞转运实验表明，Rb_l和Rg_l单体的转运透过系数(P_app)分别为(5.9±1.0)×10^{-8cm·s-1和(2.59±0.17)×10-7 cm·s-1(C₀=1 mg·mL-1)，二者转运都不受环孢菌素A影响。PNS溶液灌胃、十二指肠及门静脉给药后测得Rb_l大鼠绝对生物利用度分别为0.71%，2.75%和65.77%；Rg_l分别为3.29%，6.60%和50.56%。结论三七总皂苷(包括Rb_l和Rg_l)的肠道吸收机制为单纯被动扩散，吸收过程不受细胞膜内P-gp和MRP外排载体的调控，PNS中其他成分对Rb_l或Rg_l的吸收特性无明显影响。胃液的酸性环境、大肠菌丛产生的酶及肝脏的首过作用均对其口服吸收产生影响，而肠道黏膜的透过性低是其口服吸收差的主要影响因素。}     

三七总皂苷肠溶胶囊在比格犬体内的药代动力学

目的探讨三七总皂苷(PNS)肠溶胶囊在比格犬体内的药代动力学。方法比格犬采用随机交叉给药方案,口服PNS肠溶胶囊86.2 mg·kg-1或血栓通胶囊111.8 mg·kg-1后,用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定犬血浆中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1和Rb1的血药浓度,采用3P97药动学软件计算药动学参数和基于曲线下面积(AUC0-∞)自定义权重系数整合血药浓度后的药动学参数。结果与参比制剂血栓通比较,受试制剂PNS R1、Rg1、Rb1的达峰时间延长:R10.18±0.09 vs(0.16±0.06)h,Rg12.03±0.76 vs(1.74±0.27)h,Rb1 0.76±0.39 vs(0.74±0.17)h;吸收延迟时间延长:R1 0.96±0.16 vs(0.50±0.11)h,Rg10.87±0.05 vs(0.02±0.01)h,Rb10.92±0.12 vs(0.44±0.07)h,3种成分及其整合后PNS的相对生物利用度分别为248.41%,107.19%,152.94%和155.31%。整合后,血栓通胶囊和PNS肠溶胶囊的主要药动学参数分别为:AUC0→t39.17±3.89 vs(46.91±3.86)mg.L-1.h,Lag时间0.45±0.18 vs(0.92±0.13)h,tmax0.74±0.17 vs(0.77±0.13)h,Cl(3.84±0.24 vs 1.84±0.97 L.kg-1.h-1)。结论本实验制备的PNS肠溶胶囊能提高PNS的口服生物利用度。     

三七总皂苷肠溶微囊的药代动力学及体内外相关性

目的:考察三七总皂苷(panax notoginseng saponins,PNS)肠溶微囊在Beagle犬体内的释药行为及其体内外相关性研究。方法:采用双周期交叉试验设计,6只健康Beagle犬口服市售血栓通胶囊或自制PNS肠溶微囊(胶囊型)后,用HPLC法测定血药浓度,计算两制剂的药代动力学参数,进行生物利用度比较,并对体外累积释放度和体内累积吸收百分率进行线性回归。结果:自制PNS肠溶微囊对市售血栓通胶囊的相对生物利用度为三七皂苷R1(R1)313.63%,人参皂苷Rb1(Rb1)314.35%,人参皂苷Rg1(Rg1)202.03%,上述3成分在体内的平均滞留时间均延长,R1,Rb1和Rg1的体内外相关系数分别为0.866 4,0.958 0和0.719 2。结论:自制PNS肠溶微囊与市售血栓通胶囊相比生物利用度更高,Rb1体内外相关性较好,可用一定的体外释放条件进行体内行为的预测,R1和Rg1体内外相关性较差。     

三七总皂苷中代表性皂苷含量测定方法学的建立及稳定性研究

目的 建立同时测定三七总皂苷中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1 和人参皂苷Rb1 三种成分的含量测定方法,并对其各种状态下的稳定性进行研究.方法：以乙腈-水系统作为流动相,采用高效液相-梯度洗脱法,同时测定三七总皂苷中三种成分的含量,并考察方法的专属性、线性、精密度和回收率;测定四种pH值溶液中三种皂苷成分的稳定性以及在高温、高湿和强光照射条件下,三七总皂苷粉末中三种皂苷成分的稳定性.结果：方法学验证结果显示,在选定的梯度洗脱条件下,方法专属性良好,三种皂苷可有效分离和定量;在各自的线性范围内线性良好;精密度RSD 值均小于2%;三种皂苷的平均回收率分别为（98.98 ± 0.60）%、（98.86 ± 0.34）%和（100.19 ± 0.64）%,方法准确性良好.稳定性研究结果显示,在溶液状态下,三种皂苷的稳定性趋势基本-致,稳定性与pH值密切相关,在pH 1.2 溶液中药物迅速降解,24 h 含量即降低了约80%;而在pH 4.5 溶液、pH 6.8 溶液以及水中,三种成分的稳定性均良好,24 h 内含量未发生明显变化;而在三七总皂苷粉末中,三种代表性皂苷对湿、热和光照均不敏感,10 d 内含量基本保持稳定;但是在高湿条件下,粉末有-定的吸湿性.结论：所建立的液相方法准确、可靠,溶液状态下三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1 和人参皂苷Rb1 的稳定性与pH密切相关,随pH的降低稳定性变差,而在固体状态下则稳定性良好.     

三七皂苷长循环纳米粒的肠吸收及药动学研究

目的:研究三七皂苷(PNS)长循环纳米粒(PNS-LCN)的肠吸收及药动学。方法:采用大鼠外翻肠囊实验,测定PNS、PNS-LCN和PNS-壳聚糖物理混合物(Cs)中三七皂苷R1、Rg1、Rb1在大鼠十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠的渗透系数(Papp);大鼠分别灌胃给予PNS、PNS-LCN、PNS-Cs后于不同时间点取血,测定大鼠血浆中R1、Rg1、Rb1的血药浓度。结果:与PNS比较,PNS-LCN中R1在十二指肠和空肠,Rg1在空肠和回肠,Rb1在回肠和结肠的Papp升高;PNS-Cs中R1在十二指肠,Rg1在十二指肠、空肠和回肠,Rb1在十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠的Papp升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。PNS-LCN中R1、Rg1、Rb1生物利用度分别为PNS的3.65、3.63、2.96倍;PNS-Cs中R1、Rg1、Rb1生物利用度分别为PNS的0.31、0.77、1.36倍。结论:PNS-LCN可以明显提高PNS中R1、Rg1、Rb1的生物利用度,是PNS-LCN提高PNS渗透性和延长PNS在大鼠体内消除时间等综合作用的结果。     

NP-HPLC法测定三七药材中总皂苷含量

目的:建立正相高效液相色谱法同时测定三七药材中人参皂苷Rg1,Re,Rb1,三七皂苷R14种成分的含量测定方法,并对不同规格三七药材中三七总皂苷的含量进行比较.方法:采用正相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱用Phenomenex NH2色谱柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈—水(82:18),等度洗脱,检测波长...     

疾病以及配伍对人参皂苷在大鼠体内的药动学影响

目的 建立SD大鼠血浆中人参皂苷Rb1、Rb2和Rg1的HPLC分析方法,对比分析配伍白术挥发油前后,人参皂苷在慢性萎缩性胃炎模型大鼠体内药动学特征。方法 SD大鼠分为4组,其中单用正常组和单用模型组均给药人参总皂苷292 mg·kg^-1,配伍正常组和配伍模型组均给药人参总皂苷292 mg·kg^-1和白术挥发油0.1 mL·kg^-1。于给药前和给药后不同时间点进行眼眶取血,采用HPLC测定各成分的血药浓度,并采用Winnolin 6.3软件计算其药动学参数。结果 与单用正常大鼠比较,单用模型组大鼠体内人参皂苷Rb1的C_max和AUC值降低,T_max、T_1/2以及MRT增加,人参皂苷Rb2和Rg1则呈现出AUC增加的变化;而配伍正常组大鼠体内人参皂苷Rb1、Rb2和Rg1的C_max和AUC值均增加,T_max、T_1/2以及MRT值均缩短。与单用模型组大鼠比较,配伍模型组大鼠体内人参皂苷Rb1和Rg1的C_max和AUC值均增加,T_max、T_1/2以及MRT值均降低。结论 在相同给药剂量下,疾病状态机体对人参皂苷的吸收和代谢呈现缓慢趋势,而配伍后能促进皂苷成分在体内的吸收,同时加快代谢消除,为人参的临床用药提供参考依据。     

Transformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenoside rh<Subscript>2</Subscript> by acids and human intestinal bacteria and biological activities of their transformants

When ginseng water extract was incubated at 60 degrees C in acidic conditions, its protopanaxadiol ginsenosides were transformed to ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3. However, protopanaxadiol glycoside ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2 and Rc isolated from ginseng were mostly not transformed to ginsenoside Rg3 by the incubation in neutral condition. The transformation of these ginsenosides to ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3 was increased by increasing incubation temperature and time in acidic condition: the optimal incubation time and temperature for this transformation was 5 h and 60 degrees C resepectively. The transformed ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3 were metabolized to ginsenoside Rh2 and delta20-ginsenoside Rh2, respectively, by human fecal microflora. Among the bacteria isolated from human fecal microflora, Bacteroides sp., Bifidobacterium sp. and Fusobacterium sp. potently transformed ginsenoside Rg3 to ginsenoside Rh2. Acid-treated ginseng (AG) extract, fermented AG extract, ginsenoside Rh2 and protopanaxadiol showed potent cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines. AG extract, fermented AG extract and protopanaxadiol potently inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori.     

Absorption profiles of sanchinoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 in the rat intestine.

Panax notoginseng is used as a therapeutic agent in Chinese medicine for stopping hemorrhage and also as a general health remedy. Although Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are currently attracting attention due to their hemorheological properties, the absorption profiles of PNS have still not been fully investigated. In the present study, an in situ intestinal perfusion rat model was used to investigate the absorption mechanism of sanchinoside R1 (R1) and ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), two main components of PNS. Quantitative analysis methods for R1 and Rg1 were first established, then concentrations of R1 and Rg1 in the perfusate were measured in real time through assessment of circulating perfusate in the rat small intestine. The absorption rate constant (k(a)) values for R1 were 0.1223, 0.0946 and 0.0904 h(-1) at a dose of 1, 10 and 100 mg respectively, while those of Rg1 were 0.1169, 0.1134 and 0.1089 h(-1) at a dose of 1, 10 and 100 mg respectively. The optimal absorption site for both of these compounds was found to be the duodenum, which indicated that the bioavailability of the orally administered PNS preparation was relatively low. Finally, the effect of certain absorption promoters on the absorption rates of R1 and Rg1 was investigated. It was found that carbomer and borneol could enhance the permeability of R1 and Rg1 on the intestinal wall (P < 0.05), which indicated that a suitable absorption promoter could improve the absorption of PNS and increase its bioavailability.     

三七总皂苷和灯盏花素单用与联用时主要成分的药动学比较

目的考察三七总皂苷(主要成分为三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rd)和灯盏花素(主要成分为野黄芩苷)复方粉针制剂在健康比格犬体内的药动学,并与单独使用三七总皂苷粉针或灯盏花素粉针时的药动学参数进行比较。方法建立检测给药后不同时间点的比格犬血样中三七总皂苷各组分及野黄芩苷浓度的液相色谱-串联质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)方法,计算各成分的药动学参数。结果单次给予复方粉针后,三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rd及野黄芩苷的血浆消除半衰期(t1/2)分别为(1.08±0.30),(0.95±0.16),(1.40±0.39),(51.08±10.42),(64.84±17.70)及(2.00±0.88)h;峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(4641.00±758.84),(11325.00±1418.62),(1822.00±253.37),(39380.00±5644.03),(12964.00±2738.41)及(2669.00±841.79)ng·mL-1;血药浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC0-∞)分别为(2832.31±308.38),(3454.00±473.08),(1210.80±161.06),(1360410.90±277244.88),(320529.65±101345.47),(450.68±90.50)ng·mL-1·h。与三七总皂苷粉针或灯盏花素粉针单次给药相比,复方粉针单次给药后,血药浓度-时间曲线相似;三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rd的Cmax显著升高(P<0.05);人参皂苷Rb1和野黄芩苷Cmax差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);t1/2、AUC0-∞差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三七总皂苷粉针和灯盏花素粉针联合用药可提高三七总皂苷部分组分的Cmax,对野黄芩苷的药动学没有明显影响。     

三七总皂苷纯化和脱色工艺研究

目的筛选优化三七总皂苷纯化和脱色的工艺条件及参数。方法采用高效液相色谱法,以三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1的纯度和转移率为考察指标,考察了大孔吸附树脂的吸附容量及其它影响纯化效果的因素,以及离子交换树脂的脱色效果。结果通过大孔吸附树脂纯化后总固物中人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1的纯度和为59.2%,其转移率分别为96.1%、95.9%;离子交换树脂脱色后总固物中人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1的纯度和为69.2%,Rb1、Rg1的转移率分别为98.2%、95.2%。结论本文所建立的优化工艺简单可行,可为工业生产提供依据。     

Effects of ginsenosides,active components of ginseng,on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes

We investigated the effects of ginsenosides, the active ingredient of ginseng, on neuronal or muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel activity expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of cRNA encoding bovine neuronal alpha3beta4, alpha7 or human muscle alphabetadeltavarepsilon subunits. Treatment with acetylcholine elicited an inward peak current (I(ACh)) in oocytes expressing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Cotreatment with ginsenoside Rg2 and acetylcholine inhibited I(ACh) in oocytes expressing with alpha3beta4 or alphabetadeltavarepsilon but not in oocytes expressing alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The inhibition of I(ACh) by ginsenoside Rg2 was reversible and dose-dependent. The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ginsenoside Rg2 were 60.2+/-14.1 and 15.7+/-3.5 microM in oocytes expressing alpha3beta4 and alphabetadeltavarepsilon nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, respectively. The inhibition of I(ACh) by ginsenoside Rg2 was voltage-independent and noncompetitive. Other ginsenosides besides ginsenoside Rg2 also inhibited I(ACh) in oocytes expressing alpha3beta4 or alphabetadeltavarepsilon nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The order of potency for the inhibition of I(ACh) was ginsenoside Rg2>Rf>Re>Rg1>Rc>Rb2>Rb1 in oocytes expressing alpha3beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and was ginsenoside Rg2>Rf>Rg1>Re>Rb1>Rc>Rb2 in oocytes expressing alphabetadeltavarepsilon nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These results indicate that ginsenosides might regulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in a differential manner and this regulation might be one of the pharmacological actions of Panax ginseng.     

三七总皂苷口服制剂的处方前研究

目的:对三七总皂苷进行处方前研究,为设计优良的口服制剂处方奠定基础。方法:利用HPLC建立测定三七总皂苷的体外分析方法,并进行pH值、溶解度、油水分配系数、影响因素实验等处方前研究。结果:R1,Rb1和Rg1的线性范围分别为2.81～90μg.mL-1,2.91～93μg.mL-1和4.78～153μg.mL-1,线性良好(r=0.999 9)。处方前研究证实三七总皂苷极易吸湿、不耐光照、耐高温,弱酸性,在pH 4.5的缓冲液中溶解度最大,油水分配系数对数值均小于1。结论:建立的分析方法准确可靠。处方前研究表明三七总皂苷易吸湿,在酸性溶液中不稳定、易降解。     

Difference in oral absorption of ginsenoside Rg1 between in vitro and in vivo models

AIM: To clarify the cause of poor oral absorption of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), the active ingredient in Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) used for treating hemorrhage. METHODS: Caco-2 cell monolayers were used as an in vitro model to study the transport mechanism of Rg1 across the intestinal mucosa. Moreover, the serum concentration-time profiles after peroral (po), intraduodenal (id), portal venous (pv) and tail venous (iv) administration of Rg1 in rats were compared to evaluate the first-pass effects in the stomach, intestine, and liver. RESULTS: Uptake of Rg1 by Caco-2 cell monolayers was temperature-dependent, but was not influenced by cyclosporin A. The change in the apical pH produced no obvious effect on the uptake of Rg1. The uptake and transport of Rg1 was non-saturable; whereas the flux from the apical compartment to the basolateral compartment (A-B) increased in a linear manner with the increase in concentration, indicating passive transport. An apparent permeability coefficient of (2.59+/-0.17)*10(-7) cm/s (C0=1 mg/mL) predicted incomplete absorption. A significant difference was observed between the po (F(po) was 3.29% at a dose of 1500 mg/kg), id (F(id) was 6.60% at a dose of 1200 mg/kg) and pv (F(pv) was 50.56%) administration methods, and the barrier function of the intestine was more significant than those of the stomach and liver in the absorption process. CONCLUSION: Elimination in the stomach, large intestine and liver contributed to the low oral bioavailability of Rg1, but low membrane permeability might be a more important factor in determining the extent of absorption.     

Three new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

Three new dammarane-type triterpene ginsenosides, together with six known ginsenosides, were isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The new saponins were named as ginsenoside Rh??, ginsenoside Rh??, and ginsenoside Rh??. Their structures were elucidated as (20S)-3β,6α,12β,20-tetrahydroxydammara-25-ene-24-one 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (20S)-3β,12β,20,24,25-pentahydroxydammarane 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and (20S,23E)-3β,12β,20,25-tetrahydroxydammara-23-ene 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectra. The known ginsenosides were identified as ginsenoside M(?cd), ginsenoside Rg?, ginsenoside Rb?, gypenoside XVII, gypenoside IX, and 20-(E)-ginsenoside F?.     

HPLC法同时测定参附注射液中人参皂苷Rg_1、Rb_1的含量

目的:建立同时测定参附注射液中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Inertsil C18,流动相为乙腈-水(梯度洗脱),检测波长为203 nm,流速为1 ml/min,柱温为40℃,进样量为10μl。结果:人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1进样量分别在3.247¹6.235、2.53616.235、2.536¹2.608μg范围内与各自峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD≤0.57%;平均加样回收率分别为99.69%、99.15%,RSD分别为2.32%、2.71%(n=6)。结论:该方法准确可靠、简单快捷,可用于不同规格参附注射液的质量评价。     

仿生化提取人参皂苷类成分的初步研究

目的:对人参中的皂苷类成分进行仿生化提取。方法:以人参超微粉为原料,分别以仿生溶媒和水作为提取溶剂提取人参皂苷类成分。采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定人参总皂苷的含量;高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re含量之和,并分析色谱图特征;以成分的提取率为指标比较仿生化和水提取法的优劣。结果:仿生化提取人参总皂苷的提取率为61.31%,人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的总提取率为62.63%;水提取人参总皂苷的提取率为54.26%,人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的总提取率为43.09%。结论:仿生化提取法对人参总皂苷、人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的提取效率高于水提取法,且仿生化提取物色谱图中显示有新成分产生。     

三七茎基总皂苷的提取及人参皂苷Rg1和Rb1的含量测定

目的利用LC-MS/MS,建立同时测定三七茎基总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1和Rb1含量的分析方法。方法色谱柱：BDS HYPERSUL C18柱（150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm）;流动相：乙腈-水（梯度洗脱）;柱温：30℃;质谱条件：采用负离子多反应监测方法（MRM）测试,用于定量分析的对照品离子对分别为：人参皂苷Rg1 m/z 799.6→475.5;人参皂苷Rb1 m/z1 107.9→783.7;内标物紫杉醇m/z 852.5→525.3。结果人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1的线性范围分别为0.173～17.3μg.mL-1和0.159～16.0μg.mL-1,精密度和准确度等均符合样品分析的要求。结论该法准确、灵敏、特异性强,适用于三七茎基总皂苷及其制剂中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1浓度的同时测定。     

复方黄根颗粒的质量标准研究

目的:建立复方黄根颗粒的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法对叶下珠进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法对制剂中人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、黄芪甲苷进行含量测定。结果:定性鉴别法分离度好、专属性强;人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1和黄芪甲苷进样量分别在1.26～12.60、0.41～4.10和2.83～28.30μg范围内,其自然对数与各自峰面积的自然对数呈良好的线性关系(r>0.999 0),三者平均加样回收率分别为99.34%、100.80%和100.10%,RSD分别为1.2%、2.4%和1.2%(n=6)。结论:所建标准可有效控制复方黄根颗粒的质量。