应用切割球囊结合支架术治疗冠状动脉分叉处病变89例

目的 :评价经皮冠状动脉腔内切割球囊成形术 （PTCBA）结合支架术治疗冠脉分叉处病变的安全性及疗效。方法 :对 89例冠心病患者主支病变应用 PTCBA预扩张后置入支架、分支病变单行 PTCBA而不置入支架 ,观察其冠脉病变特点、手术过程相关因素、手术成功率、并发症和近、中期随访结果。结果 :89例患者中分叉处病变位于前降支 /对角支占 71% ,回旋支 /钝圆支占 2 5 % ,右冠脉 /后降支或后侧支占 4%。对分支血管行 PTCBA后 1例因残余狭窄 >5 0 %而植入支架 ,1例因并发轻度钙化且分支成角较大切割球囊未通过 ,改用常规 PTCA球囊扩张成功。病变 PTCBA成功率达 97.8% ;无院内死亡、急性心肌梗死 （AMI）、急性心包填塞及急诊冠脉搭桥术等严重并发症。对手术成功的 87例术后临床随访 3～ 2 6个月 ,无死亡及 AMI等心脏事件发生。临床心绞痛复发率 17.2 %。复查冠脉造影 （CAG）率 5 6.3 % ,示 49处分叉病变主支支架内再狭窄率 14.3 % ,分支血管再狭窄率 18.4%。结论 :PTCBA结合支架术治疗冠脉分叉处病变是一种安全、有效的介入治疗技术 ,其成功率高、并发症少 ,近、中期疗效满意     

应用切割球囊与普通球囊治疗分叉病变的安全有效性分析

目的:对比简单策略治疗分叉病变过程中,应用切割球囊或普通球囊预扩张及血管成形术的有效性及安全性,为分叉病变治疗策略提供依据。方法:入选2009年至2013年期间,我院心内科218例冠心病患者233个分叉病变,分叉病变分型均为Duke D或Duke F型,边支血管直径>2.0mm,有明显血流动力学意义,主支病变经切割球囊预处理(CB组)或普通球囊预扩张(PB组)后置入支架,分支病变仅行切割球囊(CB组)或普通球囊预扩张(PB组),观察手术成功率、边支受累情况、并发症及随访主要心血管不良事件(MACEs)情况。结果:218例患者233个分叉病变位于前降支/第一对角支占73.4%(171例),回旋支/钝缘支占12.0%(28例),右冠状动脉/后降支或左心室后支占14.6%(50例)。CB组患者122例,PB组患者96例,两组患者临床基线资料与分叉病变特点比较,差异无统计学意义。CB组与PB组主支血管PCI成功率相似(98.1%vs.100%,P>0.05),但CB组患者分支血管PTCA成功率较高(92.1%vs.78.3%,P<0.05)。CB组患者围手术期心肌梗死发生情况亦少于PB组患者(4.1%vs.12.5%,P<0.05)。术后随访12个月结果表明,MACEs发生比率CB组少于PB组患者(5.31%vs.14.0%,P<0.05)。结论:简单策略治疗分叉病变过程中,应用切割球囊行预扩张及血管成形术对比普通球囊安全、有效,其成功率高,并发症较少,是临床实践中治疗冠状动脉分叉病变安全、有效、可行的方法。     

20例支架外侧球囊扩张挽救冠状动脉分支疗效和安全性观察

目的 评价主支支架外侧球囊扩张技术,便于导丝重新进入已闭塞的分支,进而挽救分支血管的安全性及疗效.方法 20例冠心病患者共20个真性分叉病变,分叉病变中位于左主干/前降支3例(占15％),前降支/第一对角支9例(占45％),回旋支/钝缘支3例(占15％),右冠状动脉/后降支或后侧支5例(占25％).所有分叉病变分支预留挤压(jailed)导丝,主支病变置入支架后,分支闭塞,TIMI血流分级0～1级,导丝无法重新找到分支入口,此时在主支支架外侧采用1.25mm小球囊通过分支Jailed导丝,于主支支架外低压力扩张分支开口,然后导丝再次穿过主支支架网眼进入分支真正开口,最后完成主支与分支球囊对吻,纠正主支支架变形.本研究观察手术成功率、并发症和近期随访结果.结果 20例支架外侧球囊扩张技术挽救分支病例中,主支支架术置入18例(支架28枚),主支/分支双支架置入2例.主支靶血管术前平均狭窄(直径法)为(90±10.5)％,术后为(10±1.5)％,其中术前为0～2级TIMI血流均恢复到3级.分支血管术前平均狭窄(直径法)为(63±14.3)％,术后为(42.5±13.5)％,TIMI血流均为3级.2例术后心绞痛,1例心肌酶学增高,无分支发生夹层,无急性心肌梗死等严重并发症.术后临床随访12 ～18个月,无死亡及心肌梗死等心脏不良事件发生.结论 利用支架外侧球囊扩张技术可以较容易找到分支真正开口,实现处理分叉病变所需要的交换导丝及球囊对吻,缩短了手术时间,提高手术的安全性,其成功率高,并发症少,近期疗效满意.     

双导丝球囊在处理分叉病变中的应用

目的 评价冠状动脉分叉病变主支植入支架联合分支,双导丝球囊(Dual-Wire Balloon)单纯扩张治疗分叉病变的有效性和安全性.方法 Lefevre Ⅰ型冠状动脉分叉病变36例共41处,采用双导丝球囊行边支和(或)主支扩张,主支植入支架,观察住院及随访期间的疗效及主要心脏不良事件的发生率.结果 41处分叉病变主支支架植入前行边支双导丝球囊预扩张均成功,4例主支行直接支架术,37处分叉病变主支双导丝球囊预扩张成功后植入主支支架,主支支架后5例边支明显受压,心肌梗死试验性溶栓疗法(thrombolysis in myoxardial infarction trial,TIMI)血流不足3级的分叉病变行对吻扩张均成功.住院期间无Q波心肌梗死、急诊血运重建及死亡;平均随访16个月,期间无Q波心肌梗死、再次血运重建、死亡等严重临床并发症,心绞痛复发3例,强化药物治疗后均缓解.结论 用双导丝球囊处理分叉病变可以获得较好的效果,主支支架联合分支双导丝球囊单纯扩张治疗分叉病变是一种简单和有效的处理方法.     

应用切割球囊联合单支架置入治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的临床观察

目的:评价应用切割球囊联合主支血管单支架置入术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法:入选自2012-01至2014-01我院心内科113例住院患者,共121处冠状动脉分叉病变,应用切割球囊对主支血管和分支血管分别进行预扩张处理后,再对主支血管进行药物洗脱支架置入术,观察手术成功率、分支血管血流情况及并发症发生率,9个月后随访主要心血管不良事件(MACE)情况。结果:应用冠状动脉造影定量分析软件测量支架置入前、后主支血管最小管径分别为(2.12±1.07)mm和(3.24±0.87)mm,分支血管最小管径分别为(1.44±0.73)mm和(1.82±0.64)mm,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05~0.01)。手术成功率为100%。入选患者中11处(9.1%)分叉病变发生分支血管近端夹层,5处(4.1%)分叉病变出现分支血管心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验(TIMI)血流2级,其中1处(0.8%)分叉病变发生分支血管闭塞。平均随访时间(8.3±3.1)个月,其中1例(0.8%)靶病变再次血运重建治疗,无心原性死亡及心肌梗死事件发生。结论:应用切割球囊联合主支血管单支架置入对治疗分支血管存在明确病变的冠状动脉分叉病变是安全有效的。     

单纯药物涂层球囊策略治疗冠状动脉分叉病变分支血管的临床观察

目的观察单纯应用药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法入选我院心内科31例分叉病变患者(主支狭窄50%,分支开口狭窄70%;分支血管参考直径≥2mm),单纯应用药物涂层球囊处理分支血管,观察手术成功率、分支血管血流情况及并发症发生率,术后9个月行冠状动脉造影检查,记录随访过程中不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生情况。结果 31例患者33个分叉病变中位于前降支/对角支占57.58%,回旋支/钝缘支占30.30%,右冠状动脉/后降支或左室后支占12.12%。31例患者均成功完成分叉病变介入治疗,手术成功率100%,并且全部患者均经桡动脉途径完成。其中2列患者出现分支血管夹层(1例TIMI血流2级)进行补救性药物洗脱支架植入。围手术期及术后临床随访(门诊或电话随访),无死亡或心肌梗死等主要心脏不良事件发生。74.19%的患者完成了冠状动脉造影复查,仅1例行靶病变再次血运重建(TLR)。分支晚期管腔丢失(LLL)为(0.13±0.25)mm。结论单独药物涂层球囊策略处理冠状动脉分叉病变分支血管是安全有效的。     

分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术在分叉病变中的应用探讨

目的探讨分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术在冠状动脉分叉病变单支架置入术中的有效性与安全性。方法顺序入选2015年1月至2016年5月于北京大学人民医院行分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术的患者32例,共涉及分叉病变32处,均为Medina分型分支开口病变,其中Medina 1,1,1有25例(78.1%)、Medina 0,1,1有5例(15.6%)、Medina 1,0,1有2例(6.2%);分支血管直径≥2.5 mm,采用的切割球囊与分支血管直径比为1∶1。观察患者采取该方法治疗后,主支置入支架过程中分支保护的造影成功率、围术期并发症及主要不良心血管事件发生情况。结果术前血管造影检查示:主支血管直径为(2.9±0.3)mm,狭窄程度为(82.5±8.0)%,病变长度为(19.8±12.8)mm;分支血管直径为(2.5±0.1)mm,开口狭窄程度为(84.5±7.8)%,开口病变长度(4.6±1.1)mm。32例分叉病变患者介入手术造影成功率为100%,未见心肌梗死、分支导丝或球囊断裂、分支夹层和分支丢失等围术期并发症发生,住院期间未见主要不良心血管事件发生。结论在冠状动脉分叉病变单支架策略中,应用分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术可有效保护分支血管,且操作相对安全。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的临床疗效评价

目的:评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架(CYPHERTM支架)治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的近、远期疗效。方法:76例冠状动脉分叉病变且有临床缺血症状的患者接受了主支CYPHERTM支架及分支血管球囊扩张术,术后对患者进行临床随访及冠状动脉造影复查,回顾性分析其结果。结果:76例中有35例行吻合球囊扩张术,主支无残余狭窄或残余狭窄<10%,分支残余狭窄<50%,住院期间无严重并发症如支架内血栓形成、急性心肌梗死、紧急外科冠状动脉搭桥术或死亡等。患者平均随访时间(8.3±1.9)个月,有1例患者心绞痛复发,无心肌梗死或死亡。冠状动脉造影的随访率81.6%,主支平均晚期管腔丢失(0.08±0.02)mm,分支血管晚期管腔丢失(0.20±0.05)mm。靶血管血运重建率5.26%。结论:应用主支CYPHERTM支架和分支血管球囊扩张的方法治疗分叉病变安全、可行,并可有效防止主支血管再狭窄。     

球囊与支架对吻技术在冠状动脉分叉病变中的疗效观察

目的观察冠状动脉分叉病变中分支血管直径2.5mm时,主支血管支架置入同时与分支血管保护球囊低压力扩张对吻技术保护分支血管的疗效。方法选择冠心病患者102例,随机分为试验组51例(主支血管支架置入同时与分支血管保护球囊低压力扩张对吻);对照组51例(主支血管支架置入同时分支血管采用导丝保护)。比较2组术中并发症、术后6个月主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生率。结果试验组术中并发症和术后MACE发生率明显低于对照组(9.8%vs 29.4%,P0.05;9.8%vs 27.5%,P0.05)。结论在分叉病变处理中,球囊-支架对吻技术保护分支血管成功率高,有效降低分支血管闭塞、术中并发症和MACE。     

西罗莫司药物洗脱支架在冠状动脉分叉病变中的临床应用

目的评价西罗莫司药物洗脱支架(SES,Cypher)治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性和有效性。方法56例冠状动脉分叉病变患者,接受主支血管西罗莫司药物洗脱支架和分支血管球囊扩张术,回顾性分析其结果。结果手术即刻成功率100%,临床随访6~8个月,46例患者心绞痛消失,9例心绞痛症状减轻,1例复发心绞痛再次血运重建治疗成功。结论西罗莫司药物洗脱支架治疗分叉病变是安全有效的。     

主支支架加边支预埋球囊治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的疗效及安全性观察

目的 探讨主支支架加边支预埋球囊治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的临床疗效及手术安全性.方法 以江苏省徐州市中心医院2012年10月至2013年7月收治的冠状动脉分叉病变患者86例为研究对象,采用主支支架加边支预埋球囊术进行治疗.依据研究组患者的基线资料特点,选取行单导丝边支保护的60例边支病变患者为对照组.术后,对比评价两组患者的介入治疗成功率、并发症发生率以及随访1年后的心肌梗死溶栓试验（thrombolysis in myocardial infarction,TIMI）血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注（TIMI myocardial perfusion,TMP）血流分级等.结果 术后,研究组和对照组的介入治疗成功率分别为98.84％和85.71％,并发症发生率分别为1.16％和11.11％,组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.随访1年期间,研究组的主要心血管事件发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义[6.98％（6/86） vs.31.75％（20/63） P＜0.05];TIMI血流分级、TMP血流分级以及右心室舒张末期内径和右心室射血分数均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 主支支架加边支预埋球囊可提高冠状动脉分支病变患者的介入治疗成功率,降低并发症的发生率,血运重建效果良好,具有较好的远期疗效.     

冠状动脉旋磨术在冠心病钙化病变介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨冠状动脉旋磨术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析12例行冠状动脉旋磨术结合冠状动脉球囊成形术和支架植入术的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者的临床资料,着重分析手术方法、手术成功率、术后随访主要心血管事件(包括心源性死亡、心肌梗死、靶病变血运重建)的发生率。结果 12例患者共有16处钙化病变,有15处钙化病变行冠状动脉旋磨术,管腔狭窄由术前的87%±10%减少至42%±9%,结合冠状动脉球囊成形术,共植入18枚国产药物支架,手术成功率为93.75%(15/16)。1例因血管严重扭曲,球囊扩张后出现冠状动脉夹层,植入支架失败,建议行外科冠状动脉旁路移植术。术中均无主要并发症(包括心源性死亡、Q波心肌梗死、急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术)发生。所有患者随访(8.4±3.6)个月,有2例再发心绞痛,无主要心血管事件(包括心源性死亡、心肌梗死、靶病变血运重建)发生。5例患者复查冠状动脉造影,有1例出现支架内再狭窄30%。结论冠状动脉旋磨术联合球囊扩张和支架植入术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变可取得很高的手术成功率,是治疗钙化病变安全、有效的方法。     

Acute and long-term outcomes of the novel side access (SLK-View) stent for bifurcation coronary lesions: a multicenter nonrandomized feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate technical feasibility and procedural safety of SLK-View stent for treating bifurcation lesions. BACKGROUND: Percutaneous treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions represents a technical challenge. Several stenting techniques and dedicated devices have proven unsuccessful, with high rates of side branch occlusion at index procedure and follow-up. METHODS: Eighty one patients with 84 de novo coronary artery lesions involving a major side branch underwent SLK-View (Advanced Stent Technologies, Inc., Pleasanton, CA) stent implantation with subsequent kissing balloon post dilatation. SLK-View stent is a new scaffolding device incorporating a side aperture that allows access to the side-branch of a bifurcation after deployment of the stent in main vessel. All patients underwent angiographic follow-up at 6 months. Procedural, in-hospital, and 6-month follow-up outcomes were examined. RESULTS: The lesions were located in left main (n = 11), left anterior descending (n = 50), left circumflex (n = 8), right coronary artery (n = 7), and 1 ramus intermedius. The most frequent lesions (44.1%) were true bifurcations. Successful stent delivery to bifurcation was accomplished in 82/84 of the cases (97.6%). Technical success was obtained in 99 and 94% of main vessel and side branches, respectively. Stenting in side-branch was performed in 21 lesions (25%). Side-branches were accessed effectively in 100% of bifurcations postprocedurally. Binary restenosis rate at 6-month follow-up was 28.3% and 37.7% for main vessel and side-branch, respectively. TLR rate at 6-month follow-up was 21% and CABG rate of 6%. CONCLUSION: In this consecutive multicenter series of patients with coronary bifurcation lesions, this novel side-branch access stent proved feasible, with a high procedural success rate, while maintaining side-branch access.     

改良T支架技术治疗左冠状动脉主干末端分叉病变的临床疗效

目的探讨左冠状动脉主干末端分叉狭窄患者行择期改良T支架技术冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗的安全性和可行性。方法回顾分析白求恩国际和平医院心内科2004年1月～2007年11月间,行改良T支架技术治疗的16例左冠状动脉主干末端分叉狭窄患者的临床情况、冠状动脉病变特点、介入治疗特点、住院期间主要心脏不良事件和术后6个月心绞痛和生活质量情况。结果16例患者年龄46～68岁,男性13例,合并糖尿病7例,有心肌梗死病史6例。左冠状动脉主干直径3．5～5．0mm,前降支（taD）直径2．75～3．5mm,回旋支（LCX）直径2．75～3．5mm,LAD病变长度13—22mm,LCX病变长度13～20mm。LAD支架释放压力12—20个大气压,LCX支架释放压力12～18个大气压,对吻球囊技术100％,2例经桡动脉途径、14例经股动脉途径成功完成改良T支架置入术,PCI即刻成功率为100％,手术时间40～60（平均48）min。住院期间无严重并发症发生,术后6个月临床随访心绞痛显著缓解,生活质量显著提高。结论改良T支架技术治疗左冠状动脉主干末端分叉病变,成功率高,安全有效。     

Stenting of bifurcation lesions using the Bestent: a prospective dual-center study.

Treatment of bifurcation lesions remains a technical challenge. Among 13 stents previously tested in a bench study, the Bestent seemed of particular interest in this indication as it provided good access to the side branch after stent implantation in the main branch associated with a satisfactory coverage of the lesion after kissing balloon inflation. The use of Bestent implanted in the main branch or both branches for treatment of bifurcation lesions involving a side branch > or = 2.2 mm in diameter was prospectively evaluated in a dual-center prospective study with a prospective 6-month clinical follow-up. All angiographic documents were analyzed by an independent corelab (CORISIS). Between 11 September 1997 and 21 February 1998, 96 patients were consecutively included (mean age, 63.7 +/- 11.4 years; 81.3% male; 58.3% with unstable angina and 6.3% acute myocardial infarction). The lesion involved the left anterior descending-diagonal coronary bifurcation in 55% of cases, left circumflex-marginal 23%, posterior descending-postero-lateral 12%, distal left main 6%, and others 4%. The main branch (proximal reference diameter: 3.43 +/- 0.45 mm) was stented in 98% of cases and the side branch (2.72 +/- 0.38 mm) in 38% (both branches in 34% of cases). T-stenting or provisional T-stenting was used in 88% of cases and final kissing balloon inflation was performed in 78% of cases. Procedural success was obtained in 100% of cases in the main branch and 98% in both branches. Major cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) during hospitalization occurred in 4.2% of cases, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (MI) in 3.1%, Q-wave MI in 1.0%, repeat PTCA in 2.1%; there were no major access site complication, no emergency coronary artery bypass grafting operation, no death. At 6-month follow-up, total MACCE rate was 14.6% (Q-wave MI, 3.1%; non-Q-wave MI, 3.1%; target vessel revascularization, 9.4%; death, 2.1%). Patients with target vessel revascularization (TVR) had restenosis of both branches in 22.2% of cases, main branch in 22.2%, and side branch in 55.6%. This study shows that using a simple strategy of provisional T-stenting of the side branch in the majority of cases, the Bestent can be used for treating bifurcation lesions with a high rate of success and an acceptable rate of TVR at 6-month follow-up.     

Orbital Atherectomy for Treatment of Severely Calcified Coronary Artery Bifurcation Lesions: A Multicenter Analysis

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the safety and efficacy of orbital atherectomy (OA) for the treatment of severely calcified coronary artery bifurcation lesions.BackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of severely calcified coronary artery lesions is associated with lower procedural success and higher rates of target lesion failure compared to non-calcified lesions. OA is an effective treatment for calcified coronary artery lesions prior to stent implantation. However, there is little data regarding the safety and efficacy of OA in patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions.MethodsData were obtained from analysis of patients with severe coronary artery calcification who underwent OA and coronary stent implantation at ten high-volume institutions. Data were pooled and analyzed to assess peri-procedural outcomes and 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE).ResultsA total of 1156 patients were treated with OA and PCI. 363 lesions were at a coronary artery bifurcation. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the bifurcation and non-bifurcation groups. In the bifurcation group, treatment involved the left anterior descending artery and its branches more frequently and right coronary artery less frequently. After propensity score matching, the 30-day freedom from MACE was not statistically significant between the two groups.ConclusionIn this multicenter cohort analysis, patients with severely calcified coronary bifurcation lesions had low rates of MACE and target vessel revascularization at 30 days at rates comparable to non-bifurcation lesions. This analysis demonstrates that OA is safe and effective for complex coronary lesions at both bifurcation and non-bifurcation locations.     

经桡动脉应用Szabo技术治疗冠状动脉开口病变临床分析

目的评价冠状动脉开口病变应用Szabo技术置入支架的安全性和有效性。方法选取2012年9月至2014年5月的冠状动脉开口病变患者18例,所有患者均经右桡动脉常规行冠状动脉造影检查,应用Szabo技术置入支架。结果 18例患者中,右冠状动脉开口病变2例,左前降支开口病变10例,左回旋支开口病变2例,第一对角支开口病变2例,钝缘支开口病变1例,后降支开口病变1例;其中17例成功定位并置入支架,手术成功率94.4%;失败的1例应用其他方法成功置入支架。术后随访1~12个月,未发生不良心血管事件。结论 Szabo技术用于冠状动脉开口部病变定位准确,手术成功率高,安全有效。